| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This research argues that the international environment in the 1820s was an essential condition of the formation of the forced Cultivation System in Java, which was incorporated into the international trade system.
The forced Cultivation System was also a device to bypass silver coins as a means for international monetary settlement. Under the system, the colonial government departed from the silver standard coinage and pragmatically introduced a managed currency system. In addition, there was a huge public investment with paper money and copper coins in the fields of production process, the infrastructures of transportations.
These findings require renewing the characteristics of the "forced" Cultivation System written in the previous studies.
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