| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
|
|---|
| Research Abstract |
The following are the summary of my research activities. First, I published a book on the development of the concept of the right to self-defence from the mid-nineteenth century to 1945. In preparing for this book to be published, I studied the drafting process of the United Nations Charter. I paid special attention to the United States delegation’s view on the proviso of Article 2(4) of the Charter-‘in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations’. Second, I examined recent international judicial decisions, with particular attention to the concept of the use of force in international law and the principles of necessity and proportionality in self-defence. Finally, I also examined the concept of the use of force in relation to ‘cyber attacks’.
|
