| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
I have collected the documents concerning the diplomatic relationships between Ming China and Mac Daiviet, and by careful reading of them, focusing on the activities of the local people beyond the state border, I have depicted the actual situations of the basic life and society of those people in the border area. Especially, I have demonstrated how those people who belong in Thai ethnicity, and are contemporarily classified into Zhuang in China, and into Nung or Tay in Vietnam, played an eminent role in the relationships between the two countries.
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