| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,289,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,530,000、Indirect Cost: ¥759,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,547,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,190,000、Indirect Cost: ¥357,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,742,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,340,000、Indirect Cost: ¥402,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This research aimed to establish the following three methods ; (1) new forensic diagnostic markers for diffuse traumatic axonal injury (TAI), (2) differential diagnosis between traumatic axonal injury and hypoxic one, (3) estimation for time interval after injury. For this purpose, we immunohistochemically examined intracerebral expressions of transported proteins through axons such as β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and expressions of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Sections of the corpus callosum from cases of head injury were immunostained for those markers. On both APP and NSE immunostained sections, two patterns of immunoreactivity were identified in several cases of head injury. The first pattern showed that labeled axons were oriented along with white matter bundles ; the second demonstrated that the axons were scattered irregularly. Our results suggested that the first and second pattern may represent traumatic axonal injury, and secondary hypoxic axonal injury, respectively. Moreover, NSE was more sensitive procedure for detecting TAI than APP, because NSE immunostaining could detect axonal injuries in cases of head injury that survived more than 2 hours (APP ; more than 9 hours). Furthermore, IL-8 and TNF-α immunostaining could detect axonal injuries in cases of head injury that survived more than 3 days and 4 days, respectively. Our results suggested that immunostaining of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and TNF-α in the corpus callosum could be a new useful marker for estimating time interval after traumatic axonal injury.
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