Integrated OMICS Study of the Beneficial Effects of Egg Shell Membrane-derived Resistant Protein on Intestinal Bacteria

Research Project

Project/Area Number	20F20401
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	外国
Review Section	Basic Section 38050:Food sciences-related
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	加藤久典東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 特任教授 (40211164)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	YANG YONGSHOU 東京大学, 農学生命科学研究科, 外国人特別研究員
Project Period (FY)	2020-11-13 – 2022-03-31
Project Status	Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help	¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000) Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Keywords	registant protein / eggshel membrane / microbiota / sake / IgA / high fat diet / eggshell membrane / Profiber / resistant proteins / high-fat diet; / metabolic dysfunctions / gut microbiota / metabolites
Outline of Research at the Start	一般に消化性の低いタンパク質は、難消化性タンパク質あるいはレジスタントプロテインと呼ばれ、コレステロール低下作用や腸内細菌改善作用があることが知られている。本研究では、レジスタントプロテインの一種である鶏卵卵殻膜に着目し、抗肥満作用や抗炎症作用についてどのような腸内細菌の変化を介して発揮されるかを解析する。様々な分子の網羅的解析からその機構を詳細に検討する。
Outline of Annual Research Achievements	Consumption of resistant proteins (RP: non-digestible proteins) has been reported to exert beneficial functions. However, the involvement of gut microbiota in such beneficial effects is not fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown eggshel membrane (ESM) and sake cake (Profiber: PFB) contain a large amount of RP. Here, I performed the first animal experiment to investigate the effects of dietary ESM or PFB on metabolic dysfunctions and gut dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD). A total of 48 C57BL6J male mice was assigned randomly to the following six dietary groups: (1) Control diet (Ctrl), (2) high-fat diet (HFD), (3) HFD with 8% ESM (HESM), (4) HFD with 8% ESM+ antibiotics mix (ESMAbx), (5) HFD with 30% PFB (HPFB), (6) HFD with 30% PFB + antibiotics mix (PFBAbx). Compared with Ctrl group, mice fed an HFD showed increased body weight, visceral fat mass, liver weight, liver triglycerides, and liver cholesterol. Compared with the HFD group, the mice body weight gains were reduced in both of HESM and ESMAbx groups. However, the mice body weight gains were not affected in HPFB and PFBAbx groups compared that in the HFD group. The oral glucose tolerance test was not affected in these treatment groups. PFB treatment reduced the level of cholesterol in serum and liver. Compared with the Ctrl group, HFD showed increased level of immunoglobulin (IgA) in colon content. ESM treatment did not affect IgA level in colon content compared with that of HFD group. PFB treatment was shown to slightly increase the IgA level in colon content.
Research Progress Status	令和3年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。
Strategy for Future Research Activity	令和3年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。