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Application of Ultra Highly Sensitive PTRF-XAFS to Pt Alloy Nanoparticle Fuel Cell Catalysts

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20H00367
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 32:Physical chemistry, functional solid state chemistry, and related fields
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

Asakura Kiyotaka  北海道大学, 触媒科学研究所, 教授 (60175164)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 和田 敬広  東京医科歯科大学, 大学院医歯学総合研究科, 講師 (10632317)
三輪 寛子  電気通信大学, 燃料電池・水素イノベーション研究センター, 特任准教授 (90570911)
増田 卓也  国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構, 先端材料解析研究拠点, グループリーダー (20466460)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥44,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥34,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,380,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥10,530,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,430,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥10,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,490,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥13,650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,150,000)
KeywordsX線吸収分光 / 燃料電池 / 構造解明 / operando / サラーサーチ / PtAuナノ粒子 / オペランド / Pt/Pd/Au / サラーサーチ法
Outline of Research at the Start

高効率燃料電池の開発を目的に Pt合金ナノクラスターの合金効果の解明研究を行う。具体的には、Au上にCoを蒸着し、Coの厚みを変化させることで、Co-Coの結合距離を変化させ、その上にのったPtの結合距離と活性を追跡することで、合金効果がPt-Ptの結合距離短縮効果なのか電子移動によるのかを明らかにする。このために必要なBCLA+PTRF-XAFS法の開発を行う。最終的にPt-Ptの結合距離と活性相関、電子状態と結合距離の関係および理論計算や表面科学的手法からの知見を総合し、合金効果を明らかにする。これにより、燃料電池触媒開発に必要な知見を提供し、開発を加速する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Fuel cell Pt catalysts are highly activated when alloyed. To investigate whether charge transfer or structural change is the cause of this high activity, we have developed a polarized total reflection fluorescence (PTRF)- XAFS(X-ray absorption fine structure) method with ultra-high sensitivity using a crystal monochromator called as BCLA(Bent crystal Laue Analyzer). However, we found that there was interference of Au Raman signal generated in the presence of solution that hindered the Pt XAFS measurements. We successfully created Pd thin films deposited on Au(111) with atomically controlled film thickness. We found that the Pd-Pd bond length depended on the Pd film thickness in the influence of the substrate Au-Au bond distance. We also succeeded in depositing a monoatomic Pt film on the Pd films obtained above by surface limited redox replacement (SLRR) of Pb as sacrifice reagent. The finding will contribute the development of fuel cell catalysts.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

Au上にPtやPdなどをLayer-by-Layerに制御して載せる手法は、まだ確立していなかったが、本研究により電流量を制御することで、PdをLayer-byーLayerに載せられることを明らかにした。またPbによるSLRR法でPtを1原子状にPd薄膜上に載せることができることを明らかにした。これは、薄膜構造を制御する新しい手法として提案した。こうした薄膜制御法は今後の燃料電池開発研究に重要な指針を与え、燃料電池の社会実装を加速する。一方、偏光全反射蛍光XAFSの高感度化を実現し、その溶液応用への限界を示すことができた。偏光全反射蛍光XAFS法の発展に寄与した。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (52 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 13 results,  Open Access: 8 results) Presentation (32 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Invited: 13 results) Book (2 results) Remarks (4 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of South Carolina(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] <i>In situ</i> Study on Structure of a Diluted Pt/HOPG Model Catalyst System Prepared by the Two-phase Liquid Reduction Method Using a Novel BCLA/HERFD+BI-XAFS Method2024

    • Author(s)
      Dong Kaiyue、Hu Bing、Rashid Md Harun Al、Lu Bang、Miyabayashi Keiko、Higashi Kotaro、Uruga Tomoya、Iwasawa Yasuhiro、Kido Daiki、Takakusagi Satoru、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology

      Volume: 22 Issue: 2 Pages: 129-137

    • DOI

      10.1380/ejssnt.2024-004

    • ISSN
      1348-0391
    • Year and Date
      2024-02-15
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The Challenge of EXAFS Analysis Independent from the Experience of a Scientist — Development of Constrained Thorough Search Method —2023

    • Author(s)
      KIDO Daiki、KIMURA Masao、ASAKURA Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      Vacuum and Surface Science

      Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Pages: 399-404

    • DOI

      10.1380/vss.66.399

    • ISSN
      2433-5835, 2433-5843
    • Year and Date
      2023-07-10
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Automatic Collection and Visualization of the Models Given by Thorough Search Analysis and Its Application to the MoO<sub>3</sub> EXAFS Analysis2023

    • Author(s)
      Kido Daiki、Wada Takahiro、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology

      Volume: 21 Issue: 3 Pages: 231-235

    • DOI

      10.1380/ejssnt.2023-026

    • ISSN
      1348-0391
    • Year and Date
      2023-03-11
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Can amine ligands atomically disperse Cu atoms on TiO2(110)? Cu deposition on TiO2(110) premodified with o-anthranilic acid2023

    • Author(s)
      Kim Cho Rong、Maeda Honoka、Lu Bang、Nakamura Yuto、Lin Yunli、Wakisaka Yuki、Kido Daiki、Asakura Kiyotaka、Takakusagi Satoru
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 53 Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1093/chemle/upad045

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Metastable Structure of Photoexcited WO3 Determined by the Pump-probe Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy and Constrained Thorough Search Analysis2022

    • Author(s)
      Kido Daiki、Uemura Yohei、Wakisaka Yuki、Koide Akihiro、Uehara Hiromitsu、Niwa Yasuhiro、Nozawa Shunsuke、Ichiyanagi Kohei、Fukaya Ryo、Adachi Shin-ichi、Sato Tokushi、Jenkins Harry、Yokoyama Toshihiko、Takakusagi Satoru、Hasegawa Jun-ya、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 51 Issue: 11 Pages: 1083-1086

    • DOI

      10.1246/cl.220381

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Constrained thorough search analysis of multi-edge EXAFS spectra for characterization of bimetallic nanoparticles2022

    • Author(s)
      Kido Daiki、Rahman Md. Mijanur、Takeguchi Tatsuya、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      Chemistry Letters

      Volume: 51 Issue: 5 Pages: 000-003

    • DOI

      10.1246/cl.220090

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Abnormal Metal Bond Distances in PtAu Alloy Nanoparticles: In Situ Back-Illumination XAFS Investigations of the Structure of PtAu Nanoparticles on a Flat HOPG Substrate Prepared by Arc Plasma Deposition2022

    • Author(s)
      Hu Bing、Bharate Bapurao、Jimenez Juan D.、Lauterbach Jochen、Todoroki Naoto、Wadayama Toshimasa、Higashi Kotaro、Uruga Tomoya、Iwasawa Yasuhiro、Ariga-Miwa Hiroko、Takakusagi Satoru、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      The Journal of Physical Chemistry C

      Volume: 126 Issue: 2 Pages: 1006-1016

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c08393

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Surfaces and interfaces2022

    • Author(s)
      Asakura Kiyotaka、Kondoh Hiroshi、Tada Mizuki、Iwasawa Yasuhiro
    • Journal Title

      International Table for Crystallography

      Volume: I Pages: 1-6

    • DOI

      10.1107/s1574870720004711

    • ISBN
      9781119433941
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Constrained thorough search法を用いたEXAFS解析によるPtRu合金ナノ粒子触媒の構造解明2021

    • Author(s)
      城戸大樹、竹口竜弥、朝倉清高
    • Journal Title

      触媒

      Volume: 63 Pages: 59-63

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Extracting the local electronic states of Pt polycrystalline films surface under electrochemical conditions using polarization-dependent total reflection fluorescence x-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy2021

    • Author(s)
      Wakisaka Yuki、Uehara Hiromitsu、Yuan Qiuyi、Kido Daiki、Wada Takahiro、Uo Motohiro、Uemura Yohei、Yokoyama Toshihiko、Kamei Yutaro、Kuroda Seiichi、Ohira Akihiro、Takakusagi Satoru、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      Electronic Structure

      Volume: 2 Issue: 4 Pages: 044003-044003

    • DOI

      10.1088/2516-1075/abd1ca

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Thorough Search Analysis of Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Data for Complex Molecules and Nanomaterials Applications2020

    • Author(s)
      Kido Daiki、Uemura Yohei、Wakisaka Yuki、Ariga-Miwa Hiroko、Takakuasgi Satoru、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology

      Volume: 18 Issue: 0 Pages: 249-261

    • DOI

      10.1380/ejssnt.2020.249

    • NAID

      130007883913

    • ISSN
      1348-0391
    • Year and Date
      2020-08-01
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Problems in EXAFS analysis and its future prospects2020

    • Author(s)
      Daiki Kido and Kiyotaka Asakura *
    • Journal Title

      Accounts of Materials & Science Research

      Volume: 5 Pages: 148-170

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Bent crystal Laue analyser combined with total reflection fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure (BCLA + TRF-XAFS) and its application to surface studies2020

    • Author(s)
      Wakisaka Yuki、Hu Bing、Kido Daiki、Al Rashid Md. Harun、Chen Wenhan、Dong Kaiyue、Wada Takahiro、Bharate Bapurao、Yuan Quiyi、Mukai Shingo、Takeichi Yasuo、Takakusagi Satoru、Asakura Kiyotaka
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

      Volume: 27 Issue: 6 Pages: 1618-1625

    • DOI

      10.1107/s1600577520011170

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] In-situ PTRF-XAFS application for Pt model catalyst structure investigation toward ORR2024

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue DONG, Daiki KIDO, Chenghao YANG, Bing HU, Soichi TOMIDOKORO, Satoru TAKAKUSAGI, and Kiyotaka ASAKURA (Takahiro WADA
    • Organizer
      日本表面真空学会 東北・北海道支部 令和5年度学術講演会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] メタデータ国際標準化の動き2024

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      日本放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] XAFS analysis on bimetallic particle catalysts - old but still challenging targets2023

    • Author(s)
      Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      TU/e-ICAT Joint International Symposium on Catalysis: Advanced Technologies for Sustainable Society
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] PTRF-XAFS による Au(111)上の Pd 薄膜の安定性に関する研究2023

    • Author(s)
      富所聡一 , Kaiyue DONG, Chenghao YANG, 和田敬広, 宇尾基弘 , 城戸大貴 , 木村正雄 , 高草木達 , 朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      日本XAFS討論会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Bent Crystal Laue Analyzer Combined with Polarization-dependence Total Reflection Fluorescence X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (BCLA-PTRF-XAFS) and its Application to Electrode Surface2023

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      ACS Fall meeting
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] In-situ PTRF-XAFS application for Pt model catalyst structure investigation toward ORR2023

    • Author(s)
      Dong,K.;Kido,D.;Yang,C.;Hu,B.;Tomidokoro,S.;Wada,T.;Takakusagi, S.;Asakura, K.
    • Organizer
      Q2XAFS2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Structure and Catalysis of Single Crystal Metal Oxides and Other Compounds: How Can We Understand Its Complexity?2023

    • Author(s)
      Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      The 19th Korea-Japan Symposium on Catalysis
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] In situ X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Studies on the Metal Particles on Flat Model Surfaces under the Electrochemical Conditions2023

    • Author(s)
      Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Sustainable Energy Materials, 2023 Sapporo
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] in situ-PTRF-XAFSによりAu(111)上に堆積した Pd超薄膜の構造と層数の関係2023

    • Author(s)
      Yang Chenghao、城戸 大貴、 董 凱悦、 富所 聡一、和田 敬広、 増田 卓也、高草木 達、朝倉 清高
    • Organizer
      日本化学会代103回春季年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Study on the relationship between the bond distance of Pd deposited on Au(111) and the number of deposited layers by in situ PTRF-XAFS2023

    • Author(s)
      楊 成昊、朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      学際統合物質科学研究機構(IRCCS)成果報告会・産学ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structure investigation on HOPG supported Pt nanocluster - A model catalyst for fuel cell electrode by in-situ BCLA / HERFD + BI-XAFS2023

    • Author(s)
      董 凱悦、朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      学際統合物質科学研究機構(IRCCS)成果報告会・産学ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A new challenge to EXAFS analysis by Micro Reverse Monte Carlo and its application to PTRF-EXAFS spectrum2023

    • Author(s)
      林 韵立, 高草木 達, 朝倉 清高
    • Organizer
      放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 触媒を照らしだした放射光と触媒科学を生み出す次世代光源2023

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] BCLA+BI-XAFS 法による PtAu ナノ粒子研究2022

    • Author(s)
      Hu Bing. 轟直人,和田山智正,東晃太朗, 宇留賀朋哉,岩澤康裕,三輪 (有賀 )寛 子 ,高草木達 ,〇朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      第25回日本XAFS討論会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structure investigation of Pt nanoclusters deposited on flat carbon support; A model catalyst for fuel cell electrode by in-situ BCLA / HERFD+BI-XAFS method2022

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue Dong, Bing Hu, Rashid Al Md Harun, Keiko Miyabayashi, Kotaro Higashi, Tomoya Uruga, Yasuhiro Iwasawa, Satoru Takakusagi, Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      IVC22
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] PTRF-XAFS investigation on the 3-dimensional structure of the single-atom metal dispersed on single crystal oxides2022

    • Author(s)
      Kiyotaka Asakura and Satoru Takakusagi
    • Organizer
      American Chemical Society
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] アークプラズム法で HOPG 上に作成した PtAu ナノ粒子の 異常な Au-Au 結合短縮について2022

    • Author(s)
      朝倉 清高、Hu Bing、轟 直人、和田山 智正、東 晃太朗、宇留賀 朋哉、岩澤 康裕、三輪(有賀) 寛子、高草木 達
    • Organizer
      触媒学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Anormalous Au-Au Bond Distance Contraction in PtAu Nanoparticle2022

    • Author(s)
      Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      11 th International Iwasawa Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 水素社会を目指した触媒と量子ビーム2022

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高、三輪寛子
    • Organizer
      量子ビームサイエンスフェスタ
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Constrained Thorough Search法による複雑な構造をもつ物質のEXAFS解析2022

    • Author(s)
      城戸 大貴
    • Organizer
      日本表面真空学会東北・北海道支部学術講演会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Thorough Search法による複雑な分子およびナノ材 料における EXAFSI 解析2021

    • Author(s)
      城戸 大貴,上村 洋平,脇坂 祐輝,三輪(有賀) 寛子,高草木 達,朝倉 清高
    • Organizer
      日本表面真空学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Structure investigation of Pt nanoclusters deposited on flat carbon support : A model catalyst for fuel cell electrode by operando BCLA / HERFD+BI-XAFS method2021

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue Dong, Bing Hu, Bang Lu, Md Harun Al Rashid, Satoru Takakusagi, Keiko Miyabayashi, Kotaro Higashi, Tomoya Uruga, Yasuhiro Iwasawa, Kiyotaka Asakura
    • Organizer
      XAFS 2021 Virtual
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] その場観察X線吸収微細構造(XAFS)分光法の開発と触媒動的構造解明2021

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      日本化学会第101回春期年会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The structure investigation of Pt nanoclusters on a flat carbon support ; a model catalyst for fuel cell electrode by operando BCLA+BI-XAFS method2021

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue Dong
    • Organizer
      表面真空学会 東北北海道支部会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Constrained thorough search法を用いたEXAFS解析によ る PtRu合金ナノ粒子触媒の構造解明2021

    • Author(s)
      城戸大貴
    • Organizer
      第127回触媒討論会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Spontaneous Deposition of Pt on Au(111)2021

    • Author(s)
      Bing Hu
    • Organizer
      統合物質機構 第4回国際シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Constrained thorough search法による複雑な構造のEXAFS解析2021

    • Author(s)
      城戸大貴
    • Organizer
      日本放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structure Study of Protected Platinum nanoparticles deposited on a flat HOPG surface by Bent Crystal Laue Analyzer enhanced Back-illuminated X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (BCLA+XAFS) Method.2021

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue Dong
    • Organizer
      日本放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Spontaneous Deposition of Pt on Au(111)2021

    • Author(s)
      Bing Hu
    • Organizer
      日本放射光学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] PEEM(光電子顕微鏡)を利用した生き物の観測の可能性2020

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      日本顕微鏡学会第63回シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] BCLA+PTRF-XAFS による表面 Pt 種の構造決定2020

    • Author(s)
      朝倉清高
    • Organizer
      日本XAFS研究会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The investigation of valence state and structure change of Platinum Nanoparticles deposited on a flat HOPG by a BCLA+BI-XAFS method2020

    • Author(s)
      Kaiyue Dong
    • Organizer
      触媒討論会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] International Tables for Crystallography I2023

    • Author(s)
      Iwasawa, Y.; Asakura, K.; Kondoh, H.; Tada, M.,
    • Total Pages
      483
    • Publisher
      IUCr
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] International Tables for Crystallography I2022

    • Author(s)
      Asakura, K.; Kondoh, H.; Tada, M.; Iwasawa, Y.,
    • Total Pages
      483
    • Publisher
      IUCr
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 朝倉Lab HP

    • URL

      https://www.cat.hokudai.ac.jp/asakura/index.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 科学研究費ホームページ

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/eis.hokudai.ac.jp/kakena2020/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0?pli=1&authuser=1

    • Related Report
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      https://sites.google.com/eis.hokudai.ac.jp/kakena2020/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0?pli=1&authuser=1

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  • [Remarks] 燃料電池白金触媒の高活性化機構

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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