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A historical investigation of financial intermediation in Japan: Unit cost of financial intermediation and bank liquidity creation

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20H01517
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07060:Money and finance-related
Research InstitutionChuo University

Principal Investigator

Ono Arito  中央大学, 商学部, 教授 (40756342)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 安田 行宏  一橋大学, 大学院経営管理研究科, 教授 (10349524)
郡司 大志  大東文化大学, 経済学部, 教授 (50438785)
内田 浩史  神戸大学, 経営学研究科, 教授 (60294295)
鎮目 雅人  早稲田大学, 政治経済学術院, 教授 (80432558)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Keywords金融仲介コスト / 流動性創出機能
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、日本の金融仲介機能を定量的に把握できる長期データベースを構築し、歴史的視点を交えた実証分析を行う。第一に、金融仲介コスト(Philippon 2015)と流動性創出指標(LCM: liquidity creation measure, Berger and Bouwman 2009)を計測する。第二に、金融仲介コスト、LCMに関する実証分析を行う。具体的には、金融仲介サービスの高度化、金融規制の変化、経済成長率・名目金利水準の変化が金融仲介コスト、LCMに及ぼす影響を分析する。また、LCMと銀行の健全性・リスクテイキング、実体経済との関連について分析する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We measure the unit cost of financial intermediation and the liquidity creation measures (LCM) in postwar Japan. The unit cost of financial intermediation, which is the ratio of financial intermediaries’ income to the financial output provided to non-financial end-users, exhibits a secular decline. The decrease in Japan’s unit cost is due to the stagnation of financial income, even though financial output increased. The ratio of LCM to total assets increased from the late 1980s to the late 2000s, and then leveled off. Decomposing the LCM ratio into asset and liability items, we find that changes in asset items contributed significantly to the change in LCM ratio until the mid-1990s, but since then the contribution of liability items has increased. We also find that the LCM ratios of regional and second-tier regional banks have been increasing since 2000, while the ratio of city banks has been decreasing.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的意義は、業態レベルの集計統計を用いて日本の金融仲介コスト及びLCMを長期にわたり正確に計測したことである。また、金融仲介コストやLCMは金融仲介機能に関する様々な学術研究で用いられており、本研究は、日本でこれら指標を用いた実証研究を行うための基盤を整備した意義もある。本研究で得られた知見のいくつかは、今後の重要な研究課題を示唆している。たとえば、金融仲介コストの低下が1950年代以降の長期的な事象であることは、構造的な要因が寄与している可能性を示している。また、LCM比率の変動に業態間で差異があることは、流動性創出機能が金融機関のビジネスモデルによって異なる可能性を示している。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (53 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Journal Article (39 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 18 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results) Book (5 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] 銀行業の所得構造の変化2024

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Journal Title

      商工金融

      Volume: 2024年2月号 Pages: 4-20

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The effect of physical collateral and personal guarantees on business startups2024

    • Author(s)
      Honjo Yuji, Ono Arito, Tsuruta Daisuke
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Economics and Business

      Volume: - Pages: 106172-106172

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jeconbus.2024.106172

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Economic policy uncertainty and banks’ portfolio adjustment: evidence from Japan2024

    • Author(s)
      Lai Karen Kailin、Yasuda Yukihiro
    • Journal Title

      Applied Economics Letters

      Volume: forthcoming Pages: 1-7

    • DOI

      10.1080/13504851.2024.2321331

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Impact of the Kuroda Bazooka on Japanese households’ borrowing intentions2024

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      Japan and the World Economy

      Volume: 69 Pages: 101240-101240

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.japwor.2024.101240

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Did the BOJ’s negative interest rate policy increase bank lending?2024

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      The Japanese Economic Review

      Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 1-30

    • DOI

      10.1007/s42973-023-00150-5

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Unit Cost of Financial Intermediation in Japan, 1954-20202023

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi, Ono Arito, Shizume Masato, Uchida Hirofumi, Yasuda Yukihiro
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 23-E-076 Pages: 1-47

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Does Geographical Proximity Matter in Small Business Lending? Evidence from Changes in Main Bank Relationships*2023

    • Author(s)
      Ono Arito、Saito Yukiko U.、Sakai Koji、Uesugi Iichiro
    • Journal Title

      Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies

      Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Pages: 819-855

    • DOI

      10.1111/ajfs.12447

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Anatomy of Out-of-court Debt Workouts for SMEs2023

    • Author(s)
      Honda Tomohito, Ono Arito Ono, Uesugi Iichiro, Yasuda Yukihiro
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 23-E-088 Pages: 1-49

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Do bank managers signal through cash flow statements?2023

    • Author(s)
      Saito Yoshie、Yasuda Yukihiro
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Financial Research

      Volume: 46 Issue: 3 Pages: 733-762

    • DOI

      10.1111/jfir.12330

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 日本の銀行における流動性創出指標2023

    • Author(s)
      郡司大志・小野有人・鎮目雅人・内田浩史・安田行宏
    • Journal Title

      日本経済研究

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Corporate culture and product innovation: evidence from a firm survey2023

    • Author(s)
      Haneda Shoko、Ono Arito
    • Journal Title

      Applied Economics Letters

      Volume: - Issue: 21 Pages: 2312-2316

    • DOI

      10.1080/13504851.2023.2227411

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 地域金融機関の今後㊦:創業期企業の資金対応 焦点2023

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Journal Title

      日本経済新聞(2023/7/29)

      Volume: - Pages: 25-25

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 企業向け貸出のプロシクリカリティとマクロプルーデンス政策:日本におけるLTV比率の分析2023

    • Author(s)
      小野有人・内田浩史・グレゴリー/F/ユーデル・植杉威一郎
    • Journal Title

      住宅土地経済

      Volume: 128 (2023 spring) Pages: 20-27

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 幕末維新期日本の貨幣制度と貨幣使用の変遷:デジタル通貨時代における複数通貨の併存と統合を見据えて2023

    • Author(s)
      鎮目雅人
    • Journal Title

      SBI金融経済研究所『所報』

      Volume: 4 Pages: 54-67

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] キャッシュレス化が金融機関に及ぼす影響:決済サービス「ことら」のインパクト2023

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Journal Title

      月刊金融ジャーナル

      Volume: 2023年2月号 Pages: 18-21

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Determinants and effects of the use of COVID-19 business support programs in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Honda Tomohito、Hosono Kaoru、Miyakawa Daisuke、Ono Arito、Uesugi Iichiro
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Japanese and International Economies

      Volume: 67 Pages: 101239-101239

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101239

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Management innovations in family firms after CEO successions: Evidence from Japanese SMEs2023

    • Author(s)
      Uchida Hirofumi、Yamada Kazuo、Zazzaro Alberto
    • Journal Title

      Japan and the World Economy

      Volume: 66 Pages: 101189-101189

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.japwor.2023.101189

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Re-examination of Monetary Policy Using a Shift-Share Regressor and Instrumental Variables2023

    • Author(s)
      Hiroshi Gunji and Kazuki Miura
    • Journal Title

      SSRN Electronic Journal

      Volume: 4364438 Pages: 1-9

    • DOI

      10.2139/ssrn.4364438

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 金融政策と国債管理:近代日本の経験から2023

    • Author(s)
      鎮目雅人
    • Journal Title

      金融経済研究

      Volume: 第46号 Pages: 52-70

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Determinants of Financial Constraint for Startup Firms2022

    • Author(s)
      内田 浩史、郭 チャリ、本庄 裕司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌

      Volume: 225 Issue: 3 Pages: 1-29

    • DOI

      10.24546/81013179

    • ISSN
      0387-3129
    • Year and Date
      2022-03-10
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 非伝統的金融政策をめぐる論点:斉藤美彦・高橋亘『危機対応と出口への模索 ─イングランド銀行の戦略』によせて2022

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Journal Title

      大阪経大論集(大阪経済大学)

      Volume: 第73巻第2号 Pages: 175-189

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] コロナショックへの企業の対応と政策支援措置ーサーベイ調査に基づく分析ー2022

    • Author(s)
      植杉威一郎・小野有人・本田朋史・荒木祥太・内田浩史・小野塚祐紀・川口大司・鶴田大輔・深沼光・細野薫・宮川大介・安田行宏・家森信善
    • Journal Title

      経済研究

      Volume: Vol.73 No.2 Pages: 133-159

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Bank-firm relationship and loan maturity: Evidence from Japanese SMEs2022

    • Author(s)
      Kachkach Islam、Uchida Hirofumi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Japanese and International Economies

      Volume: 66 Pages: 101229-101229

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101229

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Initial funding and founders' human capital: An empirical analysis using multiple surveys for start-up firms2022

    • Author(s)
      Yuji Honjo, Charee Kwak, Hirofumi Uchida
    • Journal Title

      Japan and the World Economy

      Volume: 63 Pages: 101145-101145

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.japwor.2022.101145

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Did the Bank of Japan’s Purchases of Exchange-Traded Funds Affect Stock Prices? A Synthetic Control Approach2022

    • Author(s)
      Kohei Aono, Hiroshi Gunji, and Hayato Nakata
    • Journal Title

      Applied Economics Letters

      Volume: - Issue: 20 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1080/13504851.2021.1963409

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Does Inflation Targeting Really Matter? Doubly Robust Estimation2022

    • Author(s)
      Gunji, Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      Applied Economics Letters

      Volume: forthcoming Issue: 12 Pages: 1-4

    • DOI

      10.1080/13504851.2022.2071828

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 創業時の資金制約の決定要因2022

    • Author(s)
      内田浩史・郭チャリ・本庄裕司
    • Journal Title

      国民経済雑誌

      Volume: 第225巻3号 Pages: 1-29

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 日本の金融仲介コストの長期推計2021

    • Author(s)
      郡司大志・小野 有人・鎮目雅人・内田浩史・安田行宏
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper

      Volume: 21-J-048

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 日本の銀行における流動性創出指標2021

    • Author(s)
      郡司大志・小野 有人・鎮目雅人・内田浩史・安田行宏
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper

      Volume: 21-J-047

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Same information, different value: New evidence on the value of voluntary assurance2021

    • Author(s)
      Nakaoka Takayoshi, Takada Tomomi, Uchida Hirofumi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Accounting and Public Policy

      Volume: 40(5) Issue: 5 Pages: 106856-106856

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2021.106856

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] コロナ禍における資金繰り支援策と過剰債務問題2021

    • Author(s)
      安田行宏
    • Journal Title

      事業再生と債権管理

      Volume: 第35巻1号 Pages: 100-118

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] コロナ禍における金融支援策の論点整理 ~ポストコロナの事業再生に向けて~2021

    • Author(s)
      安田行宏
    • Journal Title

      資本市場アップデート

      Volume: 2021年3月号 Pages: 32-46

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] An industrial‐organization approach to conventional and unconventional monetary policy2021

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi, Miyazaki Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Economic Notes

      Volume: 50(3) Issue: 3 Pages: 1-22

    • DOI

      10.1111/ecno.12190

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A Search-Theoretic Approach to the Modern Money Theory2021

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      SSRN Electronic Journal

      Volume: n.a. Pages: 1-30

    • DOI

      10.2139/ssrn.3926583

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Do Reserve Requirements Restrict Bank Behavior?2021

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi, Miura Kazuki
    • Journal Title

      SSRN Electronic Journal

      Volume: n.a. Pages: 1-28

    • DOI

      10.2139/ssrn.3939297

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 歴史からみた現代貨幣理論の適用可能性2021

    • Author(s)
      鎮目雅人
    • Journal Title

      金融経済研究

      Volume: 44 Pages: 115-129

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 渋沢栄一と国立銀行:近代日本の経済発展を支えた金融インフラ2021

    • Author(s)
      鎮目 雅人
    • Journal Title

      月刊資本市場

      Volume: 429 Pages: 48-59

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] フィンテックに関する学術研究の一考察~P2Pレンディングと暗号資産を中心に~2020

    • Author(s)
      安田行宏・熊本方雄
    • Journal Title

      資本市場リサーチ

      Volume: 55号 Pages: 238-252

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 地銀経営の論点㊦:経営統合の質低下の懸念も2020

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Journal Title

      日本経済新聞

      Volume: 2020/12/2 Pages: 32-32

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Long-term interest rates and bank loan supply: Evidence from firm-bank loan-level data2023

    • Author(s)
      Ono, Arito
    • Organizer
      EEA-ESEM Congress 2023
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] When banks become pure creditors: Effects of declining shareholding by Japanese banks on bank lending and firms’ risk-taking2023

    • Author(s)
      Ono, Arito
    • Organizer
      AfriMed Finance Society 2023 Conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 日本企業の資金調達とゾンビ企業・無借金企業2022

    • Author(s)
      今仁裕輔 ・植杉威一郎 ・安田行宏
    • Organizer
      TCER コンファレンス「日本の金融システム:現状、課題、展望」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 日本の銀行業の変貌:所得データに基づく分析2022

    • Author(s)
      小野有人
    • Organizer
      TCER コンファレンス「日本の金融システム:現状、課題、展望」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Do reserve requirements restrict bank behavior?2022

    • Author(s)
      Gunji Hiroshi, Miura Kazuki
    • Organizer
      The 94th International Atlantic Economic Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 金融政策と国債管理:近代日本の経験から2021

    • Author(s)
      鎮目雅人
    • Organizer
      日本金融学会2021年度秋季全国大会・中央銀行パネル
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Modern Banking Reforms and Financial Activities of Indigenous Merchants: A Case from Japan in the Late 19th Century2020

    • Author(s)
      Masato Shizume
    • Organizer
      80th Annual Meeting of the Economic History Association
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 日本の金融システム(序章,第3章,第10章,第11章コメント)2023

    • Author(s)
      祝迫 得夫
    • Total Pages
      468
    • Publisher
      東京大学出版会
    • ISBN
      9784130461399
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] R&D Management Practices and Innovation: Evidence from a Firm Survey2022

    • Author(s)
      Haneda Shoko, Ono Arito
    • Total Pages
      99
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] The Japanese Economy During the Great Depression: The Emergence of Macroeconomic Policy in A Small and Open Economy, 1931-19362021

    • Author(s)
      Masato Shizume
    • Total Pages
      132
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • ISBN
      9789811373565
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 基礎から理解するERM(編集,第5章)2020

    • Author(s)
      茶野 努、安田 行宏
    • Total Pages
      240
    • Publisher
      中央経済社
    • ISBN
      9784502358210
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 信用貨幣の生成と展開(編集,序章,第6章)2020

    • Author(s)
      鎮目雅人
    • Total Pages
      472
    • Publisher
      慶應義塾大学出版会
    • ISBN
      9784766426939
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 日本の金融仲介機能の長期分析

    • URL

      https://valley68.com/project1/

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Financial intermediation in Japan

    • URL

      https://valley68.com/en/project1/

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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