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Specificity in magma preparation processes for large caldera-forming eruptions

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20H02001
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

Kuritani Takeshi  北海道大学, 理学研究院, 教授 (80397900)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥18,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,170,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥12,220,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,820,000)
Keywordsカルデラ / 珪長質マグマ / マグマ溜まり / 火山岩 / U-Th放射非平衡
Outline of Research at the Start

巨大なカルデラを形成する大規模噴火は、地球上で最も破局的な自然現象の一つであるが、その破局性を特徴づける膨大な量の珪長質マグマの準備にはどのような特異的な条件が必要であるのかという、本質的な問題が未解明である。そこで本研究では、国内の代表的なカルデラ火山を対象に U-Th 放射非平衡を軸とした物質科学的解析を行い、マグマが多量に蓄積されるに至った特異性の要因を実証的に明らかにすることを目的とする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Regarding the question of why catastrophic caldera-forming eruptions occur, petrological and geochemical analyses, including U-Th disequilibrium analyses, were conducted on eruptive products from some representative caldera volcanoes in Japan, with the aim of clarifying the uniqueness and factors behind the preparation of huge felsic magmas. As a result, an interesting commonality was found in all the studied caldera volcanoes: the voluminous felsic magmas responsible for the caldera-forming eruptions consisted of the main long-lived (>400 kyrs) felsic magmas and additional magmas that were generated intermittently in younger periods.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

破局的噴火の発生要因の理解は、地球科学の枠組みに収まらず、気候環境や防災面の観点から人類共通の課題でもある。巨大カルデラ形成噴火の研究における主な問題点は、(1) 膨大な量のマグマが生成・蓄積するメカニズムは何か?(2) 噴火を引き起こすメカニズムは何か?(3) 現在形成されつつある巨大マグマ溜りをどのように検知するか?という点であるが、本研究ではこのうち(1)に関わる、巨大カルデラ火山のマグマ系の発達過程を根源的に理解するための手がかりが得られたといえる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2023 2021 2020

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Geochemical constraints on the evolution of the magmatic system leading to catastrophic eruptions at Aira Caldera, Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Kuritani Takeshi
    • Journal Title

      Lithos

      Volume: 450-451 Pages: 107208-107208

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.lithos.2023.107208

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Pre-eruption magmatic processes and magma plumbing system at Hachijo-Nishiyama volcano, Izu-Bonin arc, Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Oiwa, K., Kuritani, T., Nakagawa, M. and Yoshimura, S.
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 75 Issue: 1 Pages: 6-6

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-022-01761-9

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Conditions of magma generation at the Me-akan volcano, northern Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Kuritani Takeshi、Sato Eiichi、Wada Keiji、Matsumoto Akiko、Nakagawa Mitsuhiro、Zhao Dapeng、Shimizu Kenji、Ushikubo Takayuki
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

      Volume: 417 Pages: 107323-107323

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107323

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Tracing the subducting Pacific slab to the mantle transition zone with hydrogen isotopes2021

    • Author(s)
      Kuritani Takeshi、Shimizu Kenji、Ushikubo Takayuki、Xia Qun-Ke、Liu Jia、Nakagawa Mitsuhiro、Taniuchi Hajime、Sato Eiichi、Doi Nobuo
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 18755-18755

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-98307-y

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Magma plumbing system for the Millennium Eruption at Changbaishan volcano, China: Constraints from whole-rock U?Th disequilibrium2020

    • Author(s)
      Kuritani Takeshi、Nakagawa Mitsuhiro、Nishimoto Jumpei、Yokoyama Tetsuya、Miyamoto Tsuyoshi
    • Journal Title

      Lithos

      Volume: 366-367 Pages: 105564-105564

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105564

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 桜島の完新世噴出物の Sr-Nd-Pb 同位体比分析に 基づくマグマ系の進化についての検討2023

    • Author(s)
      栗谷豪・中川光弘・松本亜希子
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 有珠山 1663 年噴火における珪長質マグマの起源2023

    • Author(s)
      高橋佳佑・栗谷豪・松本亜希子・中川光弘
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 八丈島・西山火山における マグマ供給系とマグマプロセス2023

    • Author(s)
      大岩和暉・栗谷豪・中川光弘・吉村俊平
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2023年大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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