Dynamic evaluation of morphological urban areas: considering random accumulation of vacant plots

• Project/Area Number: 20H02383
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 25010:Social systems engineering-related
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Usui Hiroyuki 東京大学, 大学院工学系研究科(工学部), 助教 (70748219)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
• Budget Amount: ¥7,930,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,830,000); Fiscal Year 2023: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
• Keywords: 市街地画定 / インフラ維持管理費用 / 同時最適化 / 市街地縮退 / スポンジ化 / シミュレーション / thinning point process / 国勢調査基本単位区 / 人口 / 世帯数 / 建物利用強度 / 既成市街地 / 拡大 / 縮退 / 動的評価 / 建物分布 / 空閑地 / 道路網 / 平均費用 / 市街地確定

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では，①建物分布と道路網に沿って整備される都市インフラの維持に関する平均費用最小化に基づいて既成市街地を画定し，②既成市街地における空閑地の発生・蓄積パターンを空間統計的に評価することで，③都市のスポンジ化を考慮した既成市街地の縮退を動的に評価する方法を構築する．現在と将来の既成市街地の範囲と比較することで，既成市街地の縮退を評価する．

Outline of Final Research Achievements

I developed the following methods for achieving the objective of this project: (a)delineating cost-efficient urban areas minimising the connection costs of buildings by roads: Simultaneous optimisation of criteria for building interval and built cluster size; (b)testing (1) whether or not vacant lots are randomly generated and (2) whether or not vacant lots are randomly accumulated as a result of the random generation of vacant lots, without predetermining basic spatial units such as census units or grid cells; (c) simulating urban perforation after random vacant plot generation by application of the thinning point process; and (d) modelling the dynamics of morphological urban areas: considering random accumulation of vacant plots and infrastructure cost.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

コンパクトシティ政策を推進するために，2014年8月に都市再生特措法が改正され，立地適正化計画とそれに位置づけられる居住誘導区域が規定された．従来，既成市街地は縁辺部から中心部に向けて縮退すると想定されていたものの，実際には都市のスポンジ化の様相を呈している．本研究では，建物分布と道路網に沿って整備される都市インフラの維持に関する平均費用最小化に基づいて既成市街地を画定し，既成市街地における空閑地の発生・蓄積パターンを空間統計的に評価することで，都市のスポンジ化を考慮した既成市街地の縮退を動的に評価する方法を構築する．現在と将来の既成市街地の範囲と比較し，既成市街地の縮退を評価に資する．

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] コートダジュール大学(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] コートダジュール大学(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] コートダジュール大学(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] コートダジュール大学(フランス)
• [Journal Article] Relative variability in streetscape skeletons and spatial association: Application for identifying harmonious and inharmonious streetscape skeletons in Tokyo (2024)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Geographical Analysis Volume: 56(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 358-383
  • DOI: 10.1111/gean.12379
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Relative spatial variability in building heights and its spatial association: Application for the spatial clustering of harmonious and inharmonious building heights in Tokyo (2024)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: 51(4) Issue: 4 Pages: 987-1002
  • DOI: 10.1177/23998083231204691
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Spatial distribution of average residential population and households per building in basic census unit (2023)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 58 Issue: 3 Pages: 570-577
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.58.570
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2023-10-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Characteristics of the residence-guided zone from land use ratio, building density and population density (2023)
  • Author(s): 山田拓実 ・岡澤由季 ・稲垣遥大 ・成澤拓実 ・岡村幸樹 ・竹内萌恵 ・薄井宏行
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 58 Issue: 3 Pages: 516-522
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.58.516
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2023-10-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] How does the bike-sharing system have an impact on the number of visiting sites by tourists and their duration of stay? (2023)
  • Author(s): 福島渓太・薄井宏行・浅見泰司・貞広幸雄
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 58 Issue: 2 Pages: 143-152
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.58.143
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2023-10-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Comparative Analysis of Public Toilet Location Plans by Municipalities (2023)
  • Author(s): 塩崎洸・山田康祐・大嵜一輝・杉浦完征・薄井宏行・樋野公宏
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Pages: 48-57
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.58.48
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2023-04-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] CHANGES IN DETERMINANTS OF POPULATION CHANGE IN LOCAL DISTRICTS UNDER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC (2023)
  • Author(s): 塩崎洸，浅見泰司，樋野公宏，薄井宏行，武藤祥郎
  • Journal Title: Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Volume: 88 Issue: 803 Pages: 224-230
  • DOI: 10.3130/aija.88.224
  • ISSN: 1340-4210, 1881-8161
  • Year and Date: 2023-01-01
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Development of workshop framework empowering local stakeholders for “place strategy” in a district: An implementation at Omotesando, Tokyo (2023)
  • Author(s): Miura Shino、Usui Hiroyuki、Ishida Yuya、Oyabu Yoshihisa、Yamada Kousuke
  • Journal Title: Research in Transportation Economics Volume: 100 Pages: 101318-101318
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2023.101318
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Automatic measurement of building setbacks and streetscape widths and their spatial variability along streets and in plots: integration of streetscape skeletons and plot geometry (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Geographical Information Science Volume: 37(4) Issue: 4 Pages: 810-838
  • DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2022.2141751
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Simulation of urban perforation after random vacant plot generation: Application of the thinning point process (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Geographical Information Science Volume: onlinefirst Issue: 6 Pages: 1264-1287
  • DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2023.2185783
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cost-efficient urban areas minimising the connection costs of buildings by roads: Simultaneous optimisation of criteria for building interval and built cluster size (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Networks and Spatial Economics Volume: 23(1) Issue: 1 Pages: 65-96
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11067-022-09579-4
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Comparison of precise and approximated building height: Estimation from number of building storeys and spatial variations in the Tokyo metropolitan region (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: 50(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 487-499
  • DOI: 10.1177/23998083221116117
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] How to harmonise variations in streetscape skeletons under zoning regulations: Considering their external diseconomies (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: 50(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 434-452
  • DOI: 10.1177/23998083221116121
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Furthest neighbour distance distribution function: an application to evaluate the relationship between the density of city benches and the required continuous walking distance distribution (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy Volume: 15(4) Issue: 4 Pages: 1469-1492
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12061-022-09455-1
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Effect of assuming different distribution of intervals between adjacent building walls on fire-spreading risk (2022)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行，寺木彰浩
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 57 Issue: 2 Pages: 306-319
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.57.306
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2022-10-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Statistical distributions of maximum and minimum intervals between adjacent building walls (2022)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行，寺木彰浩
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 57 Issue: 1 Pages: 52-64
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.57.52
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2022-04-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] A simulation of allocation of participants engaging in group activities at community salons: Accessibility and self-stigma (2022)
  • Author(s): Kim Hongjik・Usui Hiroyuki・Asami Yasushi・Hino Kimihiro
  • Journal Title: Social Science & Medicine Volume: 292 Pages: 114547-114547
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114547
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Analysis on the Evaluation of Shopper Circulation in Commercial Areas around Railway Stations. (2021)
  • Author(s): Shiozaki Ko、Asami Yasushi、Sadahiro Yukio、Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Pages: 1152-1159
  • DOI: 10.11361/journalcpij.56.1152
  • NAID: 130008107649
  • ISSN: 0916-0647, 2185-0593
  • Year and Date: 2021-10-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] A normative model to estimate the number of persons not social distancing in a 3D complex built space (2021)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki、Asami Yasushi、Yamada Ikuho
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Geographical Information Science Volume: 36 Issue: 3 Pages: 617-637
  • DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2021.1938076
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] GISとは何か？―仕組み・特徴・使いこなし方― (2021)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Journal Title: オペレーションズ・リサーチ Volume: 66(11) Pages: 793-799
• [Journal Article] 建物壁面間距離の最大値と最小値の理論分布：極値分布モデルによる推定と実市街地への応用 (2021)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Journal Title: 地理情報システム学会講演論文集 Volume: 30
• [Journal Article] urban syntaxを考慮した建物棟数密度と交差点密度の関係式 (2021)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Journal Title: 2021年日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会秋季研究発表会アブストラクト集 Volume: -
• [Journal Article] Variation in building heights under zoning regulations of building coverage ratio and floor area ratio: theoretical and empirical investigation of downtown districts in Tokyo (2021)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: ISUF 2020 Virtual Conference Proceedings Volume: 1 Pages: 1-8
• [Journal Article] Building height distribution under zoning regulations: Theoretical derivation based on allometric scaling analysis and application to harmonise building heights (2020)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: onlinefirst Issue: 9 Pages: 2520-2535
  • DOI: 10.1177/2399808320977867
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Are patterns of vacant lots random? Evidence from empirical spatiotemporal analysis in Chiba Prefecture, east of Tokyo (2020)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki・Perez Joan
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: onlinefirst Issue: 3 Pages: 777-793
  • DOI: 10.1177/2399808320956656
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Optimisation of building and road network densities in terms of variation in plot sizes and shapes (2020)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: onlinefirst Issue: 5 Pages: 1263-1278
  • DOI: 10.1177/2399808320924671
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Classification of residential buildings into spatial patterns of urban growth. A morpho-structural approach (2020)
  • Author(s): Perez Joan・Ornon Alexandre・Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science Volume: onlinefirst Issue: 8 Pages: 2402-2417
  • DOI: 10.1177/2399808320974377
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Comparison of neighbourhood relations based on ordinary Delaunay diagrams and area Delaunay diagrams: an application to define the neighbourhood relations of buildings (2020)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki・Teraki Akihiro・Okunuki Keiichi・Satoh Toshiaki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Geographical Information Science Volume: 34(11) Issue: 11 Pages: 2177-2203
  • DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2020.1748191
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Variography and Morphometry for Classifying Building Centroids: Protocol, Data and Script (2020)
  • Author(s): Perez Joan・Ornon Alexandre・Usui Hiroyuki
  • Journal Title: International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications Volume: - Pages: 415-424
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58811-3_30
  • ISBN: 9783030588106, 9783030588113
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Relative variability in streetscape skeletons and its spatial association: application for spatially clustering harmonious and inharmonious streetscape skeletons in Tokyo (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: International Seminar on Urban Form
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Modelling the dynamics of morphological urban areas: considering random accumulation of vacant plots and infrastructure cost (2023)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: European Colloquium on Theoretical and Quantitative Geography
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 国勢調査基本単位区における建物当たり人口及び世帯数の平均の空間分布とその特徴－千葉県における町丁目及び地域メッシュ単位における建物当たり人口及び世帯数との比較分析－ (2023)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第32回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] 地域メッシュ統計データから千葉県市町村の人口密度の度数分布を作成する際に最適なメッシュ次数 (2023)
  • Author(s): 吉田光杏・寺木彰浩・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第32回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] 国勢調査基本単位区における建物当たり人口及び世帯数の平均の空間分布とその特徴－千葉県における町丁目及び地域メッシュ単位における建物当たり人口及び世帯数との比較分析－ (2023)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第58回日本都市計画学会学術研究論文発表会
• [Presentation] Optimal floor height to estimate building height from the number of storeys considering building use in the Tokyo metropolitan regio (2022)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: International Seminar on Urban Form 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 建物壁面後退距離と建物高さに対する街路幅の比（D/H）の自動計測方法 (2022)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第31回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] スプロール市街地の定量的整理 ―埼玉県3市を対象とした比較分析― (2022)
  • Author(s): 稲垣遥大・天野莉緒・岡村幸樹・菊地穂澄・成澤拓実・橋本侑京・福島渓太・細野良子・山田拓実・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第31回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] 毛呂山町におけるスプロール現象の分析ー農地と建物の割合に着目してー (2022)
  • Author(s): 竹内萌恵・岡澤由季・藤田舞・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第31回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] A bottom-up approach for delineating urban areas: Simultaneous optimisation of criteria for building interval and built cluster size minimising the connection cost of buildings by roads (2021)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: The 22nd European Colloquium on Theoretical and Quantitative Geography (ECTQG)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Measuring variations in streetscape skeletons under zoning regulations of the building coverage ratio: a theoretical approach (2021)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: International Seminar on Urban Form 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] A bottom-up approach for delineating urban areas: Optimum criteria for building interval and built cluster size minimising the connection cost of built clusters (2021)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: Spatial Data Science 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 建物壁面間距離の最大値と最小値の理論分布：極値分布モデルによる推定と実市街地への応用 (2021)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] urban syntaxを考慮した建物棟数密度と交差点密度の関係式 (2021)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 2021年日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会秋季研究発表会
• [Presentation] 東京都千代田区の公衆トイレ面的配置問題に関する分析 (2021)
  • Author(s): 左右田敢太・岡澤由季・滝澤輝久・黄伊琳・藤松駿・薄井宏行・樋野公宏
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会 地理情報システム学会
• [Presentation] 公共トイレの定量的分類及び需要に基づいた配置分析 -東京都板橋区を取り上げて- (2021)
  • Author(s): 塩崎洸・杉浦完征・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会 地理情報システム学会
• [Presentation] 需要の不確実性を考慮した公立小学校配置・学区のロバスト最適化 (2021)
  • Author(s): 大嵜一輝・貞広幸雄・浅見泰司・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会 地理情報システム学会
• [Presentation] 歩行者の法令違反による交通事故発生箇所の分布と道路環境 (2021)
  • Author(s): 山田康祐・浅見泰司・樋野公宏・薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会 地理情報システム学会
• [Presentation] 水害対応を中心とする密集市街地改善の提案 ―建物更新に着目して― (2021)
  • Author(s): 鳥井原遼・福島渓太・成澤拓実・加藤琢磨・江端吾朗・篠原周太郎・森田洋史・薄井宏行・大津山堅介・廣井悠
  • Organizer: 第30回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会 地理情報システム学会
• [Presentation] Variation in building heights under zoning regulations of building coverage ratio and floor area ratio: theoretical and empirical investigation of downtown districts in Tokyo (2020)
  • Author(s): Usui Hiroyuki
  • Organizer: International Seminar on Urban Form 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 建物壁面間の距離の最大値分布と最小値分布 (2020)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 第29回地理情報システム学会研究発表大会
• [Presentation] 最近隣距離が短すぎず最大近隣距離が長すぎない点密度 (2020)
  • Author(s): 薄井宏行
  • Organizer: 2020年日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会春季研究発表会
• [Book] 事例で学ぶ経済・政策分析のためのGIS入門QGIS，R，GeoDa対応 (2022)
  • Author(s): 河端瑞貴
  • Total Pages: 184
  • Publisher: 古今書院
  • ISBN: 9784772242301
• [Book] あいまいな時空間情報の分析 (2020)
  • Author(s): 浅見泰司・薄井宏行（編著）
  • Total Pages: 248
  • Publisher: 古今書院
  • ISBN: 9784772220293