Elucidation of the mechanism of an unfruitful phenomenon in Pacific-type beech trees

• Project/Area Number: 20H03032
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 40010:Forest science-related
• Research Institution: Kochi University
• Principal Investigator: Ichie Tomoaki 高知大学, 教育研究部自然科学系農学部門, 教授 (80403872)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 上谷 浩一 愛媛大学, 農学研究科, 教授 (80638792)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
• Budget Amount: ¥17,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,050,000); Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
• Keywords: 太平洋型ブナ / 結実豊凶 / 温暖化 / 不稔 / 林冠 / 遺伝的多様性 / 炭素安定同位体比

Outline of Research at the Start

日本の冷温帯林を代表する樹種であるブナは、太平洋側と日本海側で遺伝的・形質的に異なる地域集団であることが知られる。生息地の大半が気候的な分布限界近くに位置する「太平洋型ブナ」は、近年凶作や無結実の年が長期間続いていることがわかってきた。本研究は、このブナの不稔（無結実）現象のメカニズムに焦点を当て、温暖化や森林の孤立・分断化に伴う太平洋型ブナの繁殖システムの現状および保全に向けた対応策を提示する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we focused on the unfruitful phenomenon of Pacific-type beech (Fagus crenata) distributed over the Pacific side of Japan, and aimed to understand the current status and mechanism of this phenomenon. Although the Pacific-type beech has genetically distinct populations from those of the Sea of Japan-type beech, inbreeding depression due to reduced genetic diversity has not occurred in it, and male flower fertility was observed. On the other hand, beech trees in the Ogawa Forest Reserve (Ibaraki) have remained nearly unfruitful for more than 10 years, and the seed setting rate in the beech canopy was extremely low. High rates were shown when flowering branches were covered with mesh bags, suggesting that some external enemy may be impairing the fertilization of the beech. In order to sustainably protect the Pacific-type beech, it is necessary to clarify the existence of this enemy and take countermeasures against it.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

生態系の重要樹種であるにもかかわらず、長寿命かつ種子生産に豊凶性を持つために、これまで問題の深刻さに誰も気づいていなかった太平洋ブナの不稔現象について、その現状やメカニズムを遺伝・生理生態・生物間相互作用の観点から定量的に解明した世界初の研究である。太平洋型ブナの結実に影響を与える外敵の特定には至っていないものの、開花枝をネット等で覆うことで高い結実率を実現することを明らかにした。具体的なブナ個体群の保全方法を提示できたことは、社会的な課題である持続的な開発目標(SDGs）への貢献にもつながる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] No evidence of carbon storage usage for seed production in 18 dipterocarp masting species in a tropical rain forest (2024)
  • Author(s): Igarashi Shuichi、Yoshida Shohei、Kenzo Tanaka、Sakai Shoko、Nagamasu Hidetoshi、Hyodo Fujio、Tayasu Ichiro、Mohamad Mohizah、Ichie Tomoaki
  • Journal Title: Oecologia Volume: 204 Issue: 3 Pages: 717-726
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05527-w
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 日本の森林樹木の地理的遺伝構造（40）ハナガガシ（ブナ科コナラ属） (2023)
  • Author(s): 上谷 浩一
  • Journal Title: Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 68-72
  • DOI: 10.32135/fgtb.12.2_68
  • ISSN: 2187-3453, 2187-350X
  • Year and Date: 2023-04-25
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Drought tolerance in dipterocarp species improved through interspecific hybridization in a tropical rainforest (2023)
  • Author(s): Kenzo Tanaka、Ichie Tomoaki、Norichika Yuki、Kamiya Koichi、Inoue Yuta、Min Ngo Kang、Lum Shawn K.Y.
  • Journal Title: Forest Ecology and Management Volume: 548 Pages: 121388-121388
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121388
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Accurate dating of tropical secondary forests using wood core Δ14C in Malaysia (2023)
  • Author(s): Ichie, Tomoaki; Igarashi, Shuichi; Tamura, Sae; Takahashi, Ai; Kenzo, Tanaka; Hyodo, Fujio; Tayasu, Ichiro; Meleng, Paulus; Azani, Mohamad Alias; bin Wasli, Mohd Effendi;
  • Journal Title: Forest Ecology and Management Volume: 546 Pages: 121346-121346
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121346
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Quantifying functional trait assembly along a temperate successional gradient with consideration of intraspecific variations and functional groups (2023)
  • Author(s): Nomura Yuki、Matsuo Tomonari、Ichie Tomoaki、Kitayama Kanehiro、Onoda Yusuke
  • Journal Title: Plant Ecology Volume: 224 Issue: 7 Pages: 669-682
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11258-023-01329-x
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Convergence in phosphorus constraints to photosynthesis in forests around the world (2022)
  • Author(s): Ellsworth, D.S., Crous, K.Y., De Kauwe, M.G., Verryckt, L.T., Goll, D., Zaehle, S., Bloomfield, K.J., Ciais, P., Cernusak, L.A., Domingues, T.F., Dusenge, M.E., Garcia, S., Guerrieri, R., Ishida, F.Y., Janssens, I.A., Kenzo, T., Ichie, T., et al.
  • Journal Title: Nature Communications Volume: 13 Issue: 1 Pages: 5005-5005
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32545-0
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Tallo: A global tree allometry and crown architecture database (2022)
  • Author(s): JUCKER Tommaso, …., IIDA Yoshiko, ..., KOHYAMA S. Takashi…ZAVALA Miguel A(120人)
  • Journal Title: Global Change Biology Volume: 28 Issue: 17 Pages: 5254-5268
  • DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16302
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Leaf toughness increases with tree height and is associated with internal leaf structure and photosynthetic traits in a tropical rain forest (2022)
  • Author(s): Kenzo Tanaka、Mohamad Mohizah、Ichie Tomoaki
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Forests and Global Change Volume: 5 Pages: 1002472-1002472
  • DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2022.1002472
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Verification of the accuracy of the recent 50 years of tree growth and long-term change in intrinsic water-use efficiency using xylem Δ14C and δ13C in trees in an aseasonal tropical rainforest (2022)
  • Author(s): Tomoaki Ichie, Shuichi Igarashi, Ryo Yoshihara, Kanae Takayama, Tanaka Kenzo, Kaoru Niiyama, Nur Hajar Zamah Shari, Fujio Hyodo, and Ichiro Tayasu
  • Journal Title: Methods in Ecology and Evolution Volume: - Issue: 5 Pages: 1135-1147
  • DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13823
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Genetic Diversity and Structure of Quercus hondae, a Rare Evergreen Oak Species in Southwestern Japan (2022)
  • Author(s): Kamiya Koichi、Ogasahara Misato、Kenzo Tanaka、Muramoto Yasuharu、Araki Takuya、Ichie Tomoaki
  • Journal Title: Forests Volume: 13 Issue: 4 Pages: 579-579
  • DOI: 10.3390/f13040579
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of habitat selection by mammals in small vegetation patches of different forest physiognomies (2020)
  • Author(s): 長井 宏賢、五十嵐 秀一、高橋 花甫里、市栄 智明
  • Journal Title: Japanese Journal of Forest Environment Volume: 62 Issue: 2 Pages: 81-89
  • DOI: 10.18922/jjfe.62.2_81
  • NAID: 130007967839
  • ISSN: 0388-8673, 2189-6275
  • Year and Date: 2020-12-31
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] 保持林業の四国での適用：国有林と水源林のスギ・ヒノキ人工林での取り組み. (2023)
  • Author(s): 山浦 悠一, 瀨戸 美文, 富田 幹次, 佐藤 重穂, 米田 令仁, 比嘉 基紀, 市栄 智明, 鈴木 保志
  • Organizer: 第134回日本森林学会大会
• [Presentation] 三箇所のスギ壮齢検定林における冬季水分生理特性の幼老相関 (2023)
  • Author(s): 河合慶恵, 岩泉正和, 久保田正裕, 笹島芳信, 大谷美穂, 斉藤雅一, 五十嵐秀一, 市栄智明, 池田武文
  • Organizer: 第134回日本森林学会大会
• [Presentation] 東南アジア熱帯雨林における樹木の吸水深度特性：種間差・季節変動・地上部特性との関係 (2022)
  • Author(s): 勝浦柊, 松尾奈緒子, 酒井章子, 川原和眞, 市栄智明, 田中憲蔵, Dulce Chung Aurelia, 久米朋宣, 中川弥智子
  • Organizer: 第32回日本熱帯生態学会年次大会
• [Presentation] 壌乾燥に対するフタバガキ科稚樹の生理生態的応答. (2022)
  • Author(s): 市栄智明, 谷本朋子, 五十嵐秀一, 井上裕太, 田中憲蔵
  • Organizer: 第32回日本熱帯生態学会年次大会
• [Presentation] スギの幼苗段階における水分生理特性および形態的特性と成長・生存との関連性を経時的に評価する試み (2022)
  • Author(s): 河合慶恵, 岩泉正和, 笹島芳信, 三浦真弘, 高島有哉, 久保田正裕, 五十嵐秀一, 市栄智明, 池田武文
  • Organizer: 森林遺伝育種学会第11回大会
• [Presentation] 小川試験地のブナの20年 (2022)
  • Author(s): 162.市栄智明
  • Organizer: 川試験地35周年記念シンポジウム「長期試験地を維持していく意味 ―小川試験地、これまで、これから―」
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Identification of tree age and growth rates by using xylem Δ14C in aseasonal tropical forests. (2022)
  • Author(s): Tomoaki Ichie
  • Organizer: SATREPS-PUBS the 2nd Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] ブナ科の希少種ハナガガシの地理的遺伝構造 (2022)
  • Author(s): 上谷浩一, 小笠原実里, 田中憲蔵, 村本康治, 市栄智明
  • Organizer: 第133回日本森林学会大会
• [Presentation] スギ精英樹の冬季における水分生理特性の幼老相関 (2022)
  • Author(s): 河合慶恵, 岩泉正和,久保田正裕, 大城浩司, 林勝洋, 三浦真弘, 笹島芳信, 上谷浩一, 五十嵐秀一, 市栄智明, 池田武文
  • Organizer: 第133回日本森林学会大会
• [Presentation] ボルネオ熱帯雨林における様々な樹種の樹高と葉の形質の関係 (2021)
  • Author(s): 田中憲蔵, 市栄智明, Mohamad, A.
  • Organizer: 第31回日本熱帯生態学会年次大会
• [Presentation] Interspecific hybridization of Dryobalanops, emergent trees in the Lambir Hills National Park (2021)
  • Author(s): Nanami, S., Hamada, T., Itoh, A., Yamakura, T., Kamiya, K., Ichie, T., Kenzo, T.. Chong, L.
  • Organizer: Sarawak. International Conference on Forest Resources Management
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Carbon storage and biodiversity co-benefits supported by dead trees in tropical forests (2021)
  • Author(s): Yamashita, S., Salleh, H., Wasli, M.E., Alias, M.A., Ichioka, T., Kenzo, T., Ichie, T.
  • Organizer: International Conference on Forest Resources Management
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Japan Research Consortium for Tropical Forests in Sarawak (JRCTS) (2021)
  • Author(s): Ichie, T., Itioka, T., Nakashizuka, T.
  • Organizer: International Conference on Forest Resources Management
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] スギ精英樹さし木苗の水分生理特性と選抜地気候との関連性 (2021)
  • Author(s): 河合慶恵, 岩泉正和, 久保田正裕, 笹島芳信, 五十嵐秀一, 市栄智明, 池田武文
  • Organizer: 第72回応用森林学会大会
• [Presentation] Japan Research Consortium for Tropical Forests in Sarawak (JRCTS) (2021)
  • Author(s): Ichie, Tomoaki, Itioka, Takao, Nakashizuka, Toru
  • Organizer: International Conference on Forest Resources Management
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] 木本植物の生理生態 (2020)
  • Author(s): 小池 孝良、北尾 光俊、市栄 智明、渡辺 誠
  • Total Pages: 264
  • Publisher: 共立出版
  • ISBN: 9784320058125