| Project/Area Number |
20H03333
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 45050:Physical anthropology-related
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
MacIntosh Andrew 京都大学, 野生動物研究センター, 准教授 (30623136)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
岡本 宗裕 京都大学, ヒト行動進化研究センター, 教授 (70177096)
和田 崇之 大阪公立大学, 大学院生活科学研究科, 教授 (70332450)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Project Status |
Granted (Fiscal Year 2023)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥7,540,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,740,000)
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| Keywords | primatology / parasitology / epidemiology / conservation / biodiversity / macroecology / Primatology / Parasitology / Epidemiology / Conservation / Biodiversity / Conservatioon / Macroecology |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
This is a collaborative project by behavioral ecologists, parasitologists and infectious disease epidemiologists, and conservation biologists. We aim to understand how human use of natural resources affects the relationship between wildlife and their parasites. The relationship between biodiversity and infectious disease risk is now highlighted by the global pandemic of COVID-19. Our work investigates primates and their parasites in Borneo, where rapid land conversion for oil palm has altered primate communities. How this affects risk of parasite emergence is a key question to now ask.
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
The major activities in FY2022 were as follows. (1) We were able to visit two field sites in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, and collect fecal samples from five primate species living in very different riverine ecosystems (Klias Peninsula, Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary). We collected >250 samples, which are now stored at the Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Samples were processed at the Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation and are now awaiting analysis. (2) With colleagues in the Czech Republic, we put together a manuscript based on a metagenomic analysis of strongylid parasites in Asian primates from Japan and Borneo. We aim to submit this work for publication in the future. (3) We travelled to Yakushima and collected >300 fecal samples from invasive raccoon dogs during latrine surveys. These samples have been prepared and DNA has been extracted from them for downstream analysis of raccoon dog and parasite DNA.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
3: Progress in research has been slightly delayed.
Reason
The main reason this research is delayed is because of the coronavirus pandemic. The field site was not accessible in FY202 and FY2021, and we were only able to visit the field site at the end of FY2022. Also, we began working at a different research site (Yakushima, Japan) to try to achieve our research aims. This required starting over in one sense. However, we now have different sets of data to analyze in FY2023.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
The COVID-19 pandemic forced us to modify this research somewhat. The main aim remains on host-parasite community networks and
threats to conservation, as in the original proposal. However, we began working with wildlife communities in Japan to compensate the challenge of fieldwork abroad. We continue to examine landscape change as a key disruptive variable in host-parasite communities in Borneo, but we now also examine invasive raccoon dogs on Yakushima, Japan, and their influence on disease in native species.
In FY2023, we will (1) analyze collected samples from primates in marginal ecosystems in Malaysia and Indonesia, and the mammal community in Yakushima, Japan, via laboratory parasitology and microscopy, genetics/genomics and immunochemistry. We will also continue to sample from Yakushima to increase our understanding of infectious disease risk from the raccoon dog invasion. Most of the budget will go toward supporting sample analysis in the laboratory and supporting technical assistant staff, with a small amount potentially reserved for domestic travel. Graduate students involved in this work include Kenneth Keuk, Katherine Majewski, Abdullah Langgeng, Zhihong Xu, and Negin Eslamibidgoli.
We hope that samples collected in Borneo in FY2022 can be exported to Japan for analysis. However, we may need to have samples sent directly for genomic analysis to Peninsular Malaysia if export permits cannot be obtained. We will also work toward publishing manuscripts from this work.
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