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Theoretical and Empirical Study for Modulation and Integration Function of Context Information in Memory Networks

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20H04246
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 61030:Intelligent informatics-related
Research InstitutionChubu University

Principal Investigator

Tsukada Hiromichi  中部大学, AI数理データサイエンスセンター, 准教授 (40794087)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 津田 一郎  中部大学, 創発学術院, 教授 (10207384)
塚田 稔  玉川大学, 脳科学研究所, 客員教授 (80074392)
奈良 重俊  岡山大学, 環境生命自然科学研究科, 特命教授 (60231495)
山口 裕  福岡工業大学, 情報工学部, 助教 (80507236)
杉崎 えり子  玉川大学, 脳科学研究所, 研究員 (20714059)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,530,000)
Keywords時空間学習則 / 文脈情報処理 / 実験と理論の融合 / フラクタル / 文脈学習 / トップダウン / 海馬 / ニューラルネットワーク / アセチルコリン / CA3 / 記憶と学習 / LTP/LTD / 学習と記憶 / リカレントネットワーク / 脳型記憶学習情報処理
Outline of Research at the Start

我々人間の脳は時々刻々と変化する外界の大容量同時並列のダイナミックな情報を、限られた記憶ネットワーク空間に効率的に情報圧縮し学習・記憶する情報操作機能を持っている。これらの情報処理は、“注意”や“意識”に代表されるトップダウン情報を巧みに利用することで実現可能となっている。
本研究では、トップダウン情報処理がボトムアップで形成された文脈情報をどのように修飾・統合するかを理論と実験の融合研究により明らかにする。その知見に基づいて脳の記憶情報処理の優れた特徴を人工神経回路網に組み込み、応用として人工知能への脳的高次機能搭載を視野に入れた次世代の脳型記憶学習情報処理システムの基盤構築を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We conducted both theoretical and experimental studies to elucidate the brain's mechanisms of learning and memory for contextual information. In the theoretical study, we identified factors that enhance the discriminative ability of the spatiotemporal learning rule (STLR) for distinguishing contextual order information, through a comparative analysis with the Hebbian learning rule. By extending the range of thresholds associated with calcium concentration and long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD) in the STLR, we developed a learning model that is expected to improve the temporal discriminability of the STLR for contextual information. In the experimental study, we discovered that the STLR, which had previously been found to exist only in the hippocampal CA1 region, is also active in the hippocampal CA3 region. This activity is associated with the projection of acetylcholine, which is secreted during top-down information processing.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで入出力スパイクの同時性により学習するHebb型の学習則がよく使われてきたが、出力スパイクに依存しない時空間学習則(STLR)を主体とした脳型の記憶モデルの理論構築およびその実証実験は行われてこなかった。本研究によってトップダウン情報を用いたSTLRによる神経回路ネットワークの理論構築と生理学的妥当性の検証を行うことができれば、脳の文脈情報学習および記憶のメカニズムの解明に向けて強力な手がかりを掴むことができる。本研究の成果は,現在の人工知能研究に生物の脳が持つ文脈情報処理原理の観点からの新たな発想や道筋を与えるとともに,認知症を初めとした疾患研究への貢献も期待できる.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (58 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 21 results,  Open Access: 10 results) Presentation (31 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (5 results)

  • [Journal Article] Understanding visual hallucinations: A new synthesis2023

    • Author(s)
      D. Collerton, J. Barnes, N. J. Diederich, R. Dudley, D. ffytche, K. Friston, C. G. Goetz, J. G. Goldman, R. Jardri, J. Kulisevsky, S. J.G. Lewis, S. Nara, C. O’Callaghan, M. Onofrj, J. Pagonabarraga, T. Parr, J. M. Shine, G. Stebbins, J. P. Taylor, I. Tsuda, R. S. Weil
    • Journal Title

      Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

      Volume: 150 Pages: 105208-105208

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105208

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Review: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to regulate important brain activity-what occurs at the molecular level?2023

    • Author(s)
      Nara Shigetoshi、Yamaguti Yutaka、Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Cognitive Neurodynamics

      Volume: - Issue: 3 Pages: 769-774

    • DOI

      10.1007/s11571-023-09975-7

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Learning long-term motor timing/patterns on an orthogonal basis in random neural networks2023

    • Author(s)
      Kawai Yuji、Park Jihoon、Tsuda Ichiro、Asada Minoru
    • Journal Title

      Neural Networks

      Volume: 163 Pages: 298-311

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.neunet.2023.04.006

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 増大特集 革新脳と関連プロジェクトから見えてきた新しい脳科学 Ⅱ.脳機能マッピングのための新規技術開発 神経トレーサー,構造MRI,機能MRIデータの統合による全脳モデルシミュレーション2022

    • Author(s)
      塚田 啓道、銅谷 賢治
    • Journal Title

      生体の科学

      Volume: 73 Issue: 5 Pages: 436-437

    • DOI

      10.11477/mf.2425201571

    • ISSN
      0370-9531, 1883-5503
    • Year and Date
      2022-10-15
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies originate from necrosis of characteristic neurons and connections in three-module perception model2022

    • Author(s)
      Nara Shigetoshi、Fujii Hiroshi、Tsukada Hiromichi、Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 12 Issue: 1

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-022-18313-6

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Dynamics in Neural Systems2022

    • Author(s)
      Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Neuroscience in the 21st Century

      Volume: - Pages: 1-26

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-1-4614-6434-1_195-1

    • ISBN
      9781461464341
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Self-organization of a Dynamical Orthogonal Basis Acquiring Large Memory Capacity in Modular Reservoir Computing2022

    • Author(s)
      Kawai Yuji、Park Jihoon、Tsuda Ichiro、Asada Minoru
    • Journal Title

      Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 2022

      Volume: - Pages: 635-646

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-3-031-15919-0_53

    • ISBN
      9783031159183, 9783031159190
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] On the Nature of Functional Differentiation: The Role of Self-Organization with Constraints2022

    • Author(s)
      Tsuda Ichiro、Watanabe Hiroshi、Tsukada Hiromichi、Yamaguti Yutaka
    • Journal Title

      Entropy

      Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 240-240

    • DOI

      10.3390/e24020240

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Context-Dependent Learning and Memory Based on Spatio-Temporal Learning Rule2021

    • Author(s)
      Tsukada Hiromichi、Tsukada Minoru
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (VII)

      Volume: - Pages: 89-94

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-981-16-0317-4_10

    • ISBN
      9789811603167, 9789811603174
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Fractal Structure in Hokusai’s “Great Wave” and the Memory Neural Network2021

    • Author(s)
      Tsukada Minoru、Tsukada Hiromichi
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (VII)

      Volume: - Pages: 107-112

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-981-16-0317-4_13

    • ISBN
      9789811603167, 9789811603174
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Physiological properties of Cantor coding-like iterated function system in the hippocampal CA1 network2021

    • Author(s)
      Fukushima Yasuhiro、Yamaguti Yutaka、Kuroda Shigeru、Aihara Takeshi、Tsuda Ichiro、Tsukada Minoru
    • Journal Title

      Cognitive Neurodynamics

      Volume: 15 Issue: 4 Pages: 733-740

    • DOI

      10.1007/s11571-020-09648-9

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Some elements for a history of the dynamical systems theory2021

    • Author(s)
      Letellier Christophe、Abraham Ralph、Shepelyansky Dima L.、R?ssler Otto E.、Holmes Philip、Lozi Ren?、Glass Leon、Pikovsky Arkady、Olsen Lars F.、Tsuda Ichiro、Grebogi Celso、Parlitz Ulrich、Gilmore Robert、Pecora Louis M.、Carroll Thomas L.
    • Journal Title

      Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

      Volume: 31 Issue: 5 Pages: 053110-053110

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0047851

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 数理科学から見た神経科学、臨床医学2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Journal Title

      Medical Science Digest

      Volume: 47 Pages: 8-11

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 動的ヘテラルキー構造の神経情報機構に対する分化数理モデル2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Journal Title

      CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE

      Volume: 39 Pages: 822-826

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] てんかん焦点のニューロンとグリア―作動原理と動的へテラルキー2021

    • Author(s)
      池田昭夫、松橋眞生、松本理器、行木孝夫、津田一郎
    • Journal Title

      CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE

      Volume: 39 Pages: 886-890

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Time Delayed Effect Can Bring Novel Hierarchical Complex Dynamics to Neural Network?2021

    • Author(s)
      Nara Shigetoshi
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (VII)

      Volume: - Pages: 95-97

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-981-16-0317-4_11

    • ISBN
      9789811603167, 9789811603174
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Comparison of Pattern Discrimination Mechanisms of Hebbian and Spatiotemporal Learning Rules in Self-Organization2021

    • Author(s)
      Tsukada Hiromichi、Tsukada Minoru
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience

      Volume: 15

    • DOI

      10.3389/fnsys.2021.624353

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Functional differentiations in evolutionary reservoir computing networks2021

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguti Yutaka、Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

      Volume: 31, Issue 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 013137-013137

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0019116

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 増大特集 脳の発振現象-基礎から臨床へ 拘束条件付き自己組織化理論に基づく機能分化に関する情報論的基盤の解明2020

    • Author(s)
      津田 一郎
    • Journal Title

      BRAIN and NERVE

      Volume: 72 Issue: 11 Pages: 1255-1262

    • DOI

      10.11477/mf.1416201677

    • ISSN
      1344-8129, 1881-6096
    • Year and Date
      2020-11-01
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A mathematical model for neuronal differentiation in terms of an evolved dynamical system2020

    • Author(s)
      Watanabe Hiroshi, Ito Takao, Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Neuroscience Research

      Volume: - Pages: 206-216

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.neures.2020.02.003

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Dependence of DNA length on binding affinity between TrpR and trpO of DNA2020

    • Author(s)
      Nobuo Shimamoto, Mikito Toda, Shigetoshi Nara, Tamiki Komatsuzaki, Kiyoto Kamagata, Takashi Kinebuchi, Jun-ichi Tomizawa
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 15624-15624

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-020-71598-3

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Constrained chaos in three-module neural network enables to execute multiple tasks2019

    • Author(s)
      Nara Shigetoshi, Soma Ken-ichiro, Yamaguchi Yutaka, Tsuda Ichiro
    • Journal Title

      Neuroscience Research

      Volume: - Pages: 217-224

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.neures.2019.11.009

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Hebb則と時空間学習則のパターン分離能力の比較2024

    • Author(s)
      塚本 陽太,塚田 啓道,塚田 稔,池口 徹
    • Organizer
      2024年電子情報通信学会総合大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 温故知新:学会設立時のニューロ研究への思い2023

    • Author(s)
      塚田稔
    • Organizer
      33回日本神経回路学会全国大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] RNNによる信号再分離タスクにおける相互情報量学習を用いた機能分化構造の誘発2023

    • Author(s)
      塘田 悠希, 山口 裕
    • Organizer
      日本応用数理学会第20回研究部会連合発表会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] カオス信号を分離するRNN における機能分化構造の解析2023

    • Author(s)
      塘田 悠希, 山口 裕
    • Organizer
      2023 年度 (第76回) 電気・情報関係学会九州支部連合大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 1/fノイズ生成を学習させた RNNの性能評価2023

    • Author(s)
      中村翔太, 山口裕
    • Organizer
      第33回 日本神経回路学会 全国大会 (JNNS2023)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] RNNを用いたシータ位相歳差現象の再現時にみられる興奮性・抑制性ニューロン間の役割分化2023

    • Author(s)
      下坂碧, 山口裕
    • Organizer
      第33回 日本神経回路学会 全国大会 (JNNS2023)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Functional differentiation of the nervous system by self-organization with constraints.2023

    • Author(s)
      渡部大志、津田一郎
    • Organizer
      日本進化学会第25回沖縄大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 進化が埋め込まれた脳と心のダイナミクス2023

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      日本進化学会第25回沖縄大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 力学系の機械学習と記述安定性2023

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      シンポジウム「インタラクション創発学術院原理の解明へ」
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] A mechanism of the emergence of functional differentiation in the brain - a variational principle2023

    • Author(s)
      Ichiro Tsuda
    • Organizer
      International Symposium on “What is an emerging interaction? ― An exploration of the principle of emerging interactions in spatiotemporal diversity”
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Cerebri Scientiae Principia Mathematica2023

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      中部大学特別講演会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 複雑系の科学:物語ることによる彫刻2023

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      21世紀の複雑系研究集会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 脳の数理モデルと疾患治療への応用2022

    • Author(s)
      塚田啓道
    • Organizer
      サイエンス・カフェ 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 微分方程式で脳は理解可能!?~脳の数理モデル~2022

    • Author(s)
      塚田啓道
    • Organizer
      第36回 JST数学キャラバン
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Contextual memory processing and memory structuring based on spatio-temporal learning rules.2022

    • Author(s)
      Hiromichi Tsukada, Minoru Tsukada
    • Organizer
      NEURO 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to regulate important brain activities: what occurs in molecular level ?2022

    • Author(s)
      Shigetoshi Nara
    • Organizer
      The 8th International Congress on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN21-postponed)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 敵対的生成ネットワークにより生成される疑似カオス時系列にみられる誤差の分析2022

    • Author(s)
      山口 裕, 田中 悠貴
    • Organizer
      日本応用数理学会第19回研究部会連合発表会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 興奮性・抑制性ニューロンの役割分化を理解するためのRNNモデリングアプローチ2022

    • Author(s)
      下坂碧, 山口 裕
    • Organizer
      2022年度(第75回) 電気・情報関係学会九州支部連合大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] カオス力学を基軸にした複雑系脳科学への先駆的な貢献 - 脳科学の数学原理2022

    • Author(s)
      津田 一郎
    • Organizer
      藤原洋数理科学賞大賞授賞式 於: 慶応大学藤原洋記念館
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] アセチルコリン投与による学習則のスイッチング2022

    • Author(s)
      杉崎 えり子
    • Organizer
      東北大学電気通信研究所 共同プロジェクト研究 非線形ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A Dynamic System Model for Sequence Discrimination by Hebb and Spatiotemporal Learning Rule2022

    • Author(s)
      塚田稔
    • Organizer
      東北大学電気通信研究所 共同プロジェクト研究 非線形ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 神経回路網カオスの複雑な制御への応用及び3輪自走ロボットへの搭載と迷路求解実験2022

    • Author(s)
      奈良重俊
    • Organizer
      東北大学電気通信研究所 共同プロジェクト研究 非線形ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Self-organization of a dynamical orthogonal basis acquiring large memory capacity in modular reservoir computing2022

    • Author(s)
      Y. Kawai, J.Park, I. Tsuda, and M. Asada
    • Organizer
      ICANN 2022 (E. Pimenidis et al, eds. 31st International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks. Bristol, UK)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 拘束条件付き自己組織化理論に基づく機能分化に関する数理的・情報論的基盤2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      第62回日本神経学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Hessian-Free 法を用いた Echo State Network の構造探索2021

    • Author(s)
      濱地優輝, 平川翼, 山下隆義, 藤吉弘亘, 山口 裕, 津田一郎
    • Organizer
      情報処理学会第20回情報科学技術フォーラム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 創発インタラクション実現に向けて2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      CREST “Symbiotic Interactions” call1 公開シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] リザバーコンピューティングにおける教師の動的な選択2021

    • Author(s)
      海老原端馬、津田一郎、山口裕
    • Organizer
      日本応用数理学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 創発学術院の歩み2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Organizer
      創発学術院5周年記念シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 相互情報量最小化による機能分化の誘導2021

    • Author(s)
      山口裕, 津田一郎
    • Organizer
      生理研研究会 第3回 力学系の始点からの脳・神経回路の理解
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A computational analysis of structure-function relationship in the whole-brain network based on diffusion and functional MRI data of marmosets2020

    • Author(s)
      Hiromichi Tsukada, Junichi Hata, Hiroaki Hamada, Carlos Enrique Gutierrez, Ken Nakae, Henrik Skibbe, Alexander Woodward, Shin Ishii, Hideyuki Okano, Kenji Doya
    • Organizer
      第43回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 神経細胞分化のための進化的ニューラルネットワークモデル2020

    • Author(s)
      渡部大志、伊藤孝男、津田一郎
    • Organizer
      第30回日本神経回路学会全国大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 心はすべて数学である2023

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Total Pages
      240
    • Publisher
      文春学藝ライブラリー 思28
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 初めて語られた科学と生命と言語の秘密2023

    • Author(s)
      松岡正剛、津田一郎
    • Total Pages
      416
    • Publisher
      文春新書1430
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 音楽は脳を育む2021

    • Author(s)
      塚田稔、斎藤アンジュ玉藻
    • Total Pages
      253
    • Publisher
      OROCO PLANNING(株)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 数学とはどんな学問か?数学嫌いのための数学入門2021

    • Author(s)
      津田一郎
    • Total Pages
      238
    • Publisher
      講談社
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 創造する脳とAI―塚田の時空間学習則―2021

    • Author(s)
      塚田稔
    • Publisher
      OROCO PLANNING(株)
    • ISBN
      9784990841270
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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