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Legal Maxim and Codification: Ancient law, Slavic law and Modern Western Law

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K01262
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 05010:Legal theory and history-related
Research InstitutionAoyama Gakuin University

Principal Investigator

Matsumoto Emi  青山学院大学, 法学部, 教授 (50303102)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 三谷 惠子  東京大学, 大学院人文社会系研究科(文学部), 教授 (10229726)
葛西 康徳  東京大学, 大学院人文社会系研究科(文学部), 名誉教授 (80114437)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords法典化 / 法格言 / 古代法 / スラヴ法 / モンテネグロ一般財産法典 / ボギシッチ / 法言語 / 慣習法 / ユーゴスラヴィア / 法典 / ローマ法 / regula / 民法典
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究「法典化と法格言―古代法・スラヴ法・近代西洋法」は、法格言という表現形式の意味を、法と言語の関係、法の実効性担保という二点から考察する。古代法以来の法格言の系譜と近代化の過程で用いられた法格言とを結びつけ、法学と言語学の双方を用いながら、モンテネグロ一般財産法典を素材とすることによって、法典化と法格言の関係を、実証的に、かつ法の実効性担保の観点から明らかにすることを目的とする。この問題は同時に近代法における慣習法の位置づけとも密接不可分である、ということを明らかにしたい。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Legal maxim has a long tradition in Western legal systems. It had an important role in modernization of law, especially in modern codification. A good example is the last part of the General Property Code of Montenegro, a very original civil code promulgated in 1888. To estimate the significance and the role of the modern legal maxims, we analyzed the Montenegrin maxims and compared them not only with the Roman Regulae, but examined them in reference to Greek legal thoughts, represented for example in Plato's Nomoi. Plato thought that written dispositions of law were not effective without voluntary observance of people, which necessitated their education. To connect the education and legal norm, it needed the epitedeumata (nomoi in a larger sense; customs, etc.). The Montenegrin author of the Code carefully distinguished the area of law to be codified (the property law) and that left to the custom. With this limitation, he put the legal maxims to make effective the codified law.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

第一に、本研究は法格言規定を素材として、法的問題の言語的側面、言語的問題の法的側面を明らかにする。第二に、スラヴ法研究に関して、従来は社会主義法、ロシア法の研究という比較法的観点から専ら分析されてきたが、本研究はモンテネグロ法典をスラヴ前近代法も視野に入れつつ近代法典化の好例としてこれを分析する。第三に、従来は法格言を法の実効力についての法哲学・法理論的観点から分析した研究は皆無であった。古代ギリシア・ローマ法にまで視野を広げることにより、法格言が実行性担保のための必要不可欠な方法であるとみる視点は新規なものである。この観点から近代法典における慣習法の位置づけにも新たな視点が獲得された。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (42 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (16 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Invited: 8 results) Book (6 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] モンテネグロ・アカデミー(モンテネグロ)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] St John's College, Cambridge/King's College, Cambridge(英国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts(モンテネグロ)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 「6 混合法」2024

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Journal Title

      小川浩三・松本尚子・宮坂渉編『キーコンセプト法学史--ローマ法・学識法から西洋法制史を拓く』ミネルヴァ書房

      Volume: - Pages: 49-58

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 「8 衡平」2024

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Journal Title

      小川浩三・松本尚子・宮坂渉編『キーコンセプト法学史--ローマ法・学識法から西洋法制史を拓く』ミネルヴァ書房

      Volume: - Pages: 67-77

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 「『法学提要』の近代的書き換え――スコットランドとモンテネグロ――」2023

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Journal Title

      法制史研究

      Volume: 73号

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 「比較法学史研究の一素材としての『法学提要(The Institutes)』―特に体系と普及に関して―」2023

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Journal Title

      法制史研究

      Volume: 73号

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 「コモン・ローにおける『法学提要』の意義――その歴史と現状」2023

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Journal Title

      法制史研究

      Volume: 73号

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] William Ebenezer Grigsby, (1847-1899)---a pupil of Sir Henry Maine and a forerunner of the Mixed Legal System---2021

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai and Emi Matsumoto
    • Journal Title

      TOPS 2021 Report---Lecture Materials, Essay & Presentation, Seminar Papers---

      Volume: - Pages: 421-458

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] コモン・ローにおける『法学提要』の意義-その歴史と現状―2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Journal Title

      第72回法制史学会総会・研究大会報告資料集

      Volume: - Pages: 110-127

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 法学提要の近代的展開--Institutional writersと近代諸法典--2021

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Journal Title

      第72回法制史学会総会・研究大会報告資料集

      Volume: - Pages: 101-109

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] フランス古法の世界ーーpratiqueによる法創造ーー2021

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Journal Title

      岩村正彦・大村敦志・斎藤哲志編『現代フランス法の論点』

      Volume: - Pages: 3-34

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] ギリシア人の法と裁判2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳/ゲーアハルト・チュール
    • Journal Title

      葛西康徳・V.カッツァート編『古典の挑戦』(知泉書館)

      Volume: ‐ Pages: 417-436

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] ローマ人の法と法律家2021

    • Author(s)
      アーネスト・メッツガー著、葛西康徳訳
    • Journal Title

      葛西康徳・V.カッツァート編『古典の挑戦』(知泉書館)

      Volume: ‐ Pages: 437-461

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] ギリシア教2021

    • Author(s)
      ロバート・パーカー著、葛西康徳訳
    • Journal Title

      葛西康徳・V.カッツァート編『古典の挑戦』(知泉書館)

      Volume: - Pages: 463-491

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 妥協するギリシア人2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Journal Title

      葛西康徳・V.カッツァート編『古典の挑戦』(知泉書館)

      Volume: - Pages: 493-532

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Formation of Legal Language in the nineteenth-century South Slavic Lands and Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Keiko Mitani
    • Journal Title

      Comparative Studies of Civil Law between Modern South Slavic Regions and Japan: Structure, Origin and Language

      Volume: 157/ 53 Pages: 11-32

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Bogisic and 'Ancient Law'2020

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Journal Title

      Comparative Studies of Civil Law between Modern South Slavic Regions and Japan: Structure, Origin and Language

      Volume: 157/ 53 Pages: 93-121

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Bogisic and his Unrewarded Contribution to the Modern Japanese Civil Code2020

    • Author(s)
      Emi Matsumoto
    • Journal Title

      Comparative Studies of Civil Law between Modern South Slavic Regions and Japan: Structure, Origin and Language

      Volume: 157/ 53 Pages: 123-163

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] ミクスト・リーガル・システムと法制史2020

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Journal Title

      法制史研究

      Volume: 69 Pages: 75-83

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 「法制史からの若干のコメント」(五百旗頭薫『条約改正史』読書会)2024

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Organizer
      外交史研究会、 東京大学史料編纂所
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 「「人の法」を作らなかった二人の比較法学者―――ボワソナードとボギシッチ」2023

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Organizer
      日仏文化講座「ボワソナードと日本法、そして比較法の将来」(日仏会館)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Causation in Japanese Tort Law from the Perspective of Mixed Legal Systems (Parallel sessions: Tort Law as a Vehicle for the Hybridization of Private Law)2023

    • Author(s)
      EMI MATSUMOTO
    • Organizer
      The World Society of Mixed Jurisdiction Jurists : Fifth World Congress 2023: Mixity in Private Law and/or Public Law, The Faculty of Laws of the University of Malta
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Valtazar Bogisic (1834-1908) and Gustave Boissonade (1825-1910)2023

    • Author(s)
      Emi Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      SEMINARIO DI STORIA DEL DIRITTO, DIPARTIMENTO DI GIURISPRUDENZA, Universita degli Studi di Palermo
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 「ボワソナードとボギシッチ:モンテネグロ一般財産法典をめぐって」2023

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Organizer
      民法史研究会(Zoom)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The Greeks on compromise---Before and After the judgment (verdict), with special reference to Plato’s Nomoi2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      Cambridge Ancient History Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Greeks on Compromise, Before and After the Judgment (Verdict), with special reference to Plato’s Nomoi,2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      Bristol Classical Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Greeks on Compromise, (even) in Greek tragedy2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      Reception of Greek Tragedy, Oxford, Classics Centre
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Greeks on Compromise, (even) in Greek tragedy, with special reference to Aeschylus’ Eumenides2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      Zurich (in memory of Walter Burkert 1931-2015), 2022.5. 6
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Greeks on Compromise, Before and After the Judgment (Verdict), with special reference to Plato’s Nomoi2022

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      Cambridge Ancient History Seminar (7 March 2022)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Philological Disciplines in Japan: An Overview2021

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai
    • Organizer
      World Philology Union, Oslo Conference (1 December 2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] William Ebenezer Grigsby, (1847-1899)---a pupil of Sir Henry Maine and a forerunner of the Mixed Legal System---2021

    • Author(s)
      Yasunori Kasai and Emi Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      7th Tokyo-Cambridge Law and Humanities Seminar 2021 (28 August 2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] コモン・ローにおける『法学提要』の意義-その歴史と現状―2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Organizer
      第72回法制史学会総会・研究大会(同志社大学)(2021/11/7)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 法学提要の近代的展開--Institutional writersと近代諸法典--2021

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Organizer
      第72回法制史学会総会・研究大会(同志社大学)(2021/11/7)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 衡平2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Organizer
      トピック法学史研究会(2021年9月18日)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 混合法2021

    • Author(s)
      松本英実
    • Organizer
      トピック法学史研究会(2021年9月18日)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 文化転移ーー混合・普及・界面ーー(新版)2023

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Total Pages
      271
    • Publisher
      Bibliotheca Wisteriana
    • ISBN
      9784991171031
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 文化転移ー混合・普及・界面ー(新版)2022

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳
    • Total Pages
      272
    • Publisher
      Bibliotheca Wisteriana
    • ISBN
      9784991171031
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 古典の挑戦2021

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳、ヴァネッサ・カッツァート
    • Total Pages
      592
    • Publisher
      知泉書館
    • ISBN
      9784862853363
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 現代フランス法の論点2021

    • Author(s)
      岩村 正彦、大村 敦志、齋藤 哲志
    • Total Pages
      432
    • Publisher
      東京大学出版会
    • ISBN
      9784130311953
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Comparative Studies of Civil Law between Modern South Slavic Regions and Japan: Structure, Origin and Language2020

    • Author(s)
      Rasovic, Mitani, Kasai, Matsumoto and Cicmil (eds.)
    • Total Pages
      272
    • Publisher
      Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts
    • ISBN
      9788672154825
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Libri Juridici Jacobus Goyeri---A Preliminary Study---『藤花のたわむれ 久保正彰先生の卒寿を祝して』2020

    • Author(s)
      葛西康徳編
    • Total Pages
      336
    • Publisher
      Bibliotheca Wisteriana
    • ISBN
      9784991171017
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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