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Testing pro-social hypothesis - Image analysis of Tokyo firebombing with machine learning

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K01464
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
Research InstitutionFukuoka University

Principal Investigator

Harada Masataka  福岡大学, 経済学部, 准教授 (30738810)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 伊藤 岳  大阪公立大学, 経済学部, 准教授 (80773895)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywordsレガシー / 空襲 / ソーシャル・キャピタル / 向社会性 / フィールド実験室実験 / GIS / ソーシャルキャピタル / 経済実験 / インターネット実験 / 歴史政治経済学 / モバイルデータ / 地理情報システム / 政治参加 / 災害 / 因果推論 / リモートセンシング / 機械学習
Outline of Research at the Start

地震や津波、戦争などの災害は後世に負の遺産を残すというのが、一般的な予想であるが、政治経済学の先行研究からはこうした予想に反して、災害は、人々の政治参加をむしろ促進する(以降、「向社会化仮説」と呼ぶ)という計量分析の結果が、多数を占めている。本課題は、まず、これが先行研究の分析対象が、肉体的・精神的に強靭な者が多く含まれることなどによる標本の偏りが原因であることを示す。そのうえで、日本本土空襲の影響を最先端の機械学習とインターネット世論調査技術を駆使して分析し、向社会化仮説の再検証を行う。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study conducted an interactive economic experiment online between people from different regions and found that when people from the same region played against each other, there was no difference in the amount of money transferred to the other regardless of the degree of air raid damage among those who had lived in the region for longer periods of time, while those who had lived in the region for shorter periods of time transferred less money than those in regions with more air raid damage. This suggests that the formation of social capital is more difficult in areas with more raid damages. The study also indicated that in areas where strong social capital existed prior to the disaster, the loss of such capital may outweigh the war's prosocialization effect. Through a novel Internet experiment, this study reveals how past wars affect current social preferences.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

この研究は、戦争や災害が地域社会に与える影響を詳細に調査し、その結果を社会全体に広めることを目指した。具体的には、空襲被害が多い地域では、地域の絆や信頼関係の形成が困難であることを明らかにした。また、被災前に強固な人間関係が存在していた地域では、その損失が戦争による社会参加促進効果を上回る可能性があることを示した。これらの知見は、災害復興や地域コミュニティの再建に役立つ可能性がある。さらに、この研究は、インターネットを用いた新たな実験手法を開発し、その有効性を示すことで、新たな研究方法を提供した。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 5 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] コロンビア大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Columbia University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ハーバード大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Making Sense of Violence in Semi-Technologized Conventional Civil War: Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Yuichi Kubota, Gaku Ito, and Masataka Harada
    • Journal Title

      International Interactions

      Volume: - Issue: 3 Pages: 1-23

    • DOI

      10.1080/03050629.2023.2180501

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Intergovernmental transfers as magnets for low-income people2022

    • Author(s)
      Harada Masataka、Matsubayashi Tetsuya
    • Journal Title

      Applied Economics Letters

      Volume: - Issue: 6 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1080/13504851.2022.2139801

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Distributive Politics and Crime2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada, Daniel M. Smith
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Political Institutions and Political Economy

      Volume: 2 Issue: 4 Pages: 453-482

    • DOI

      10.1561/113.00000045

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] War Violence Decreases Long-Term Human Well-Being: The Evidence from the Strategic Bombing to Japan During WWII2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Community Well-Being

      Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 31-56

    • DOI

      10.1007/s42413-022-00164-8

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] How do Patients with Chronic Illnesses Respond to a Public Health Crisis? Evidence from diabetic patients in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada, Takumi Nishi, Toshiki Maeda, Kozo Tanno, Naoyuki Nishiya, Hisatomi Arima
    • Journal Title

      SSM - Population Health

      Volume: 16 Pages: 100961-100961

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100961

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 戦争が人々の向社会性に与える長期的影響の分析:クラウドソーシングによるインタラクティブな経済実験を通じた社会的選好の測定とその活用2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada, Ryo Mikami, and Natsumi Shimada
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会2022年度研究大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Using internet surveys to perform complex interactive economic experiments (with Natsumi Shimada and Ryo Mikami)2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada, Ryo Mikami, and Natsumi Shimada
    • Organizer
      Annual conference of American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      Annual conference of Midwest Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      International Symposium of Public Administration and Democracy
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2022

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      The 2022 Winter Meeting of the Japanese Society for Quantitative Political Science
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      International Conference of Political Science
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      2021 Asian Electoral Studies Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      Annual conference of American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout (with Gaku Ito and Daniel M. Smith)2021

    • Author(s)
      原田 勝孝
    • Organizer
      Annual meeting of Japanese Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Destruction from Above: Long-Term Legacies of the Tokyo Air Raids (with some results from Using cell-phone mobility data to study voter turnout)2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      ISER Seminar Series
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Brief review of the legacy of war violence: the case of the bombing of Tokyo2021

    • Author(s)
      Masataka Harada
    • Organizer
      International Symposium of Politics and Local Governance
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Remarks] Congratulations to @ProfDanSmith for winning

    • URL

      https://twitter.com/WEAI_Columbia/status/1519685600193957888

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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