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Cooperative Behavior, Economic Incentives, and Social Reputation: Natural Experiments of a Q&A Site

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K01627
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07040:Economic policy-related
Research InstitutionHitotsubashi University

Principal Investigator

TSURU Tsuyoshi  一橋大学, その他部局等, 名誉教授 (00155441)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 後藤 潤  政策研究大学院大学, 政策研究科, 助教授 (30732432)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords社会的評判 / 金銭的インセンティブ / Q&Aサイト / 外国人差別 / 自然実験 / 機械学習 / 経済的インセンティブ / 社会的分断 / 保守主義 / 差別 / 協力的行動
Outline of Research at the Start

この研究の目的は,社会的評判と金銭的インセンティブとが人間の協力的行動に対してどのような相互作用を持つのかを明らかにすることである.特に,①社会的評判制度の形成は協力的行動を促進するのか,そして②個々人の社会的評判の水準に対して金銭的インセンティブが付与された場合,協力的行動は阻害されるのか,の2つの重要な問題に焦点を当てる.具体的には,日本最大級のQ&Aサイトで生じた2つの自然実験(①社会的評判の促進; ②経済的インセンティブの導入)に基づいて新たな証拠を提供し,その社会科学的意味を考える.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study is to elucidate how social reputation and monetary incentives influence human behavior. We analyzed two natural experiments on one of Japan's largest Q&A sites: the introduction of a mutual rating system and the implementation of monetary incentives. Specifically, we examined whether these experiments promoted ideological polarization and various forms of discrimination within the online community. Using machine learning techniques, we measured the intensity of xenophobic sentiments in response to questions. The analysis revealed that (1) the introduction of the mutual rating system exacerbated polarization and discrimination, and (2) the implementation of monetary incentives further intensified these issues.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

オンラインコミュニティにおける差別発言や誹謗中傷は,対応が求められる喫緊の課題である.SNSなどを対象とする研究は現れているが,まだ十分とはいえない.本研究では,日本最大級のQ&Aサイトにおける2つの自然実験(相互評価制度の導入と金銭的インセンティブの導入)を利用して,その変更がイデオロギー的分断や各種差別を助長したかを分析した.分析の結果,(1)相互評価制度の導入が分断と差別を助長すること,(2)金銭的インセンティブの導入が分断と差別を強めることが確認された.本研究の社会的意義は,プラットフォームが参加者の増加を目的とする以上,何らかの規制が必要とされることを実証的に示したことにある.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (15 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] The Impact of Brokerage in a Communication Network on Productivity: Evidence from Sensor Data2024

    • Author(s)
      Nakajima Kentaro, Tsuru Tsuyoshi, and Uehara Katsuhito
    • Journal Title

      Connections

      Volume: 44

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Do Women Council Members Allocate More Public Goods?Evidence from Rural India2024

    • Author(s)
      Mori Yuko、D. Rajasekhar、R. Manjula、Kurosaki Takashi、Goto Jun
    • Journal Title

      Economic Development and Cultural Change

      Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 451-486

    • DOI

      10.1086/727799

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Incentives from Career Concerns in a Contract Package: An Empirical Investigation2023

    • Author(s)
      Yang Bicheng, Chan Tat, Owan Hideo, and Tsuru Tsuyoshi
    • Journal Title

      Management Science

      Volume: 70

    • DOI

      10.1287/mnsc.2023.4956

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Distance to news: how social media information affects bribe-giving in India2021

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun、Kurosaki Takashi、Mori Yuko
    • Journal Title

      The Japanese Economic Review

      Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 179-209

    • DOI

      10.1007/s42973-021-00084-w

    • NAID

      120007184286

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Multitasking Incentives and the Informativeness of Subjective Performance Evaluation2020

    • Author(s)
      Shingo Takahashi, Hideo Owan, Tsuyoshi Tsuru and Katsuhito Uehara
    • Journal Title

      Industrial & Labor Relations Review

      Volume: 印刷中 Issue: 2 Pages: 1-33

    • DOI

      10.1177/0019793919891980

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Reputational Concerns and Polarization in Online Communities: Computational Text Analysis with Natural Experiments in Japan2024

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      関西労働研究会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Who Suggests Policies for the Future? A Historical Randomization of Tenure Lengths in the Indian Parliament2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      80th Annual Midwest Political Science Association Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Politician's Term length in Nation Building: A Historical Natural Experiment in India2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      Hitotsubashi Summer Institute: Economic Development
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Politician's Term Lengths in Nation-building: The Historical Natural Experiment in India2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      Summer Workshop on Economic Theory (SWET) Otaru, Otaru University of Commerce
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Reputational Concerns and Polarization in Online Communities: Computational Text Analysis with Natural Experiments in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      Monash-Warwick-Zurich Text-As-Data Workshop
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Career Incentives and Judicial Independence: Evidence from the Indian Lower Judiciary2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      Applied Economics Seminar at Tsukuba University
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Politician's Term Lengths in Nation-building: The Historical Natural Experiment in India2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto Jun
    • Organizer
      Applied Economics Seminar at Sophia University
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Career Incentives and Judicial Independence: Evidence from the Indian Lower Judiciary2022

    • Author(s)
      Goto, Jun
    • Organizer
      Royal Economic Society Annual Conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Reputation, Incentives, and Polarization: Computational Text Analysis with Online Natural Experiments2022

    • Author(s)
      Goto, Jun
    • Organizer
      Applied Economics Seminar (online) at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Reputation, Incentives, and Polarization: Computational Text Analysis with Online Natural Experiments2022

    • Author(s)
      Goto, Jun
    • Organizer
      Microeconomics Seminar (online) at University of Hawai'i at Manoa
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Career Incentives and Judicial Independence: Evidence from the Indian Lower Judiciary2022

    • Author(s)
      後藤潤
    • Organizer
      Pacific Conference for Development Economics
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Political Scandals and Jeopardized Democracy: Evidence from the Japanese National Diet2022

    • Author(s)
      後藤潤
    • Organizer
      Japanese Society for Quantitative Political Science
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Polarized Social Norms Against Corruption: A Social Media Experiment in India2021

    • Author(s)
      後藤潤
    • Organizer
      Data Analytics for Anticorruption in Public Administration Conference, World Bank
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Nation-building after Disaster: The Formation of National Identity and Its Consequences for Civil Conflict2021

    • Author(s)
      後藤潤
    • Organizer
      2021 Winter Meeting of the Japanese Society for Quantitative Political Science
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] On the Origins and Persistence of Parochial Altruism: A Tenure Institution and Intergroup Conflicts in Colonial India Webinar Series on Growth and Development in India2020

    • Author(s)
      後藤潤
    • Organizer
      Webinar Series on Growth and Development in India
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] お酒はこれからどうなるか-新規参入者の挑戦から消費の多様化まで2022

    • Author(s)
      都留 康
    • Total Pages
      230
    • Publisher
      平凡社
    • ISBN
      9784582860092
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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