| Project/Area Number |
20K01676
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 07040:Economic policy-related
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| Research Institution | National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Keywords | in-kind transfer / home production / optimal taxation / In-kind transfer / moral hazard / Mean-tested program / Optimal taxation / Life-cycle model |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
ミーンズテストプログラムの課題は、とりわけ非ターゲットグループの間において、保険給付と労働供給の歪みとのバランスをとることである。本研究では、殆どの振替プログラムの重要な構成要素であり、また現在研究が進められている現物支給に焦点を当てることにより、この課題に対処する。データで観察されたターゲットグループ（本当に必要としている人々）と非ターゲットグループの間の消費行動の違いを組み入れ、これらの経験的事実を活用することにより、ミーンズテストプログラムを改善する経験的に適切な政策提言を引き出すことが可能であることを示す。
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We investigate whether welfare benefits should be provided in-kind or in-cash. We examine whether we can rationalize an in-kind benefit when means-testing is already in place.
We characterize the optimal allocations when a social planner does not observe individuals’ productivity. A solution is that individuals reporting low productivity should have their leisure overprovided and consumption goods under-provided. Our study extends this finding in a framework with home production. We argue that since individuals can reallocate the over-provided leisure time to home production activities, high and low productive individuals value input goods for home production differently, and the social planner can refine its allocation scheme to better target low productive individuals. Since high-productivity individuals can meet means-testing requirement by working less, certain distortions on consumption should be put in place. In-kind provision can simplify the implementation of these distortions.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
Our findings contribute to the reform of the SNAP program (food stamps in the US). Eligible beneficiaries can use SNAP transfers only for non-prepared food. We show that from the theoretical standpoint, it may be optimal to provide in-kind goods that are substitutes with time.
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