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Establishment of an Experimental Paradigm for Conditioned Place Avoidance Learning in Planarians

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K03502
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 10040:Experimental psychology-related
Research InstitutionBunkyo University

Principal Investigator

Tazumi Toru  文教大学, 人間科学部, 教授 (10410961)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Keywordsプラナリア / 塩水 / 馴化学習 / 学習の表出 / 条件性手掛り選好学習 / Y迷路 / 明暗弁別 / 条件性忌避学習 / 触覚刺激 / 明暗刺激 / 嫌悪刺激 / 消去 / 復位
Outline of Research at the Start

プラナリアは動物の脳の基本型となる脳構造を持ち、各種神経伝達物質を産生していることから、学習・記憶の機能を有していると考えられる。プラナリアは以前に報酬などを得た場所の手掛かりを好むようになることが示されてきたが、嫌悪刺激を用いた場合にはその場所を避けるようになること(条件性忌避学習)を示した研究はない。
本研究では、プラナリアにとって嫌悪刺激である塩水を用い、条件性忌避学習の獲得や、獲得したことを消去させることを試みる。これらが可能であることが明らかになれば、動物実験の基準理念である「3Rの原則」のうち、低位の動物種の使用(Replacement;代替)を実現できる可能性がある。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The initial research objective was to demonstrate that planarians can acquire conditioned place avoidance learning using saltwater as an aversive stimulus. This plan was predicated on the assumption that saltwater serves as an aversive stimulus for planarians. However, it was revealed that saltwater neither acts as a reward nor an aversive stimulus for planarians, but rather interferes with the habituation of their avoidance behavior towards bright areas. Consequently, experiments aimed at the extinction and reinstatement of conditioned avoidance learning, as well as the identification of neurotransmitters involved in the acquisition of conditioned avoidance learning, could not be conducted. Nonetheless, by altering the research plan, we obtained the intriguing finding that saltwater might not act as a trigger for dishabituation, but rather possess a pharmacological effect that inhibits the expression of learning.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、ヒトにおける塩分過剰摂取が認知症リスクを高めることが報告されている。また、塩分過多のエサを摂取したマウスは記憶の低下を示すことが報告されている。本研究では、塩水はプラナリアの学習の表出を阻害することが明らかにされた。この知見は学習や記憶への塩分のネガティブな効果が系統発生的に生物の進化の早い段階から存在することを示唆し、ヒトは何たるかを明らかにする学問領域である人間科学に、ヒトを進化的な観点から理解する視座を提供できたことに意義がある。また、プラナリアからヒトに共通する塩分のネガティブな効果に基づいて、ほ乳類などの実験動物の代替として、プラナリアを使用した実験を行える可能性がある。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2024 2023 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (4 results) Journal Article (1 results) (of which Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Derby/University of Nottingham(英国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Derby/University of Nottingham(英国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Derby/University of Nottingham(英国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Leicester/University of Nottingham(英国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Operant Conditioning of Planarians2023

    • Author(s)
      田積 徹・溝口 大和・阿孫 さや香・大足 彩月・工藤 裕輝・星野 菜々子・渡邉 みなみ
    • Journal Title

      人間科学研究

      Volume: 44 Pages: 103-114

    • DOI

      10.15034/00008155

    • ISSN
      03882152
    • URL

      https://bunkyo.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/8180

    • Year and Date
      2023-03-01
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Presentation] プラナリアの馴化学習における塩水暴露の効果2024

    • Author(s)
      田積徹, Urcelay, G. P., & Prados, J.
    • Organizer
      第39回日本行動科学学会ウインターカンファレンス
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The effects of saltwater exposure on habituation learning in planarians (Girardia dorotocephala)2024

    • Author(s)
      Tazumi, T., Urcelay, G. P., & Prados, J.
    • Organizer
      NEURO2024 (The 47th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society )
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Saline blocks the expression of conditioned place preference using light and dark cues in planarians (Dugesia japonica).2024

    • Author(s)
      Tazumi, T., Urcelay, G. P., & Prados, J.
    • Organizer
      XXXIV International Conference of the Spanish Society for Comparative Psychology
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Saline is neither aversive nor rewarding for planarians (Girardia dorotocephala) in a conditioned place preparation; however, it seems to interfere with the normal process of habituation to environmental stimuli.2023

    • Author(s)
      Tazumi, T., Urcelay, G. P., & Prados, J.
    • Organizer
      XXXIII International Conference of the Spanish Society for Comparative Psychology
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] public research data

    • URL

      https://rdmc.nottingham.ac.uk/handle/internal/9136

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/npb/people/gpu1/publications

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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