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Toward a solution of the Continuum Problem from the point of view of %% set-theoretic multiverse

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K03717
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 12030:Basic mathematics-related
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

渕野 昌  神戸大学, システム情報学研究科, 名誉教授 (30292098)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 酒井 拓史  神戸大学, システム情報学研究科, 准教授 (70468239)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Granted (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
KeywordsLaver-genericity / 絶対性 / 反映原理 / 連続体 / 連続体仮説 / Recurrence Axioms / Resurrection Axioms / set-theoretic geology / Maximality Principles / Laver genericity / Laver genericity の定義可能性 / Loewenheim-Skolem 定理の拡張 / 定常性の反映原理 / Hamburger 問題 / Galvin 仮説 / Laver-genericicity / Loewenheim-Skolem定理の拡張 / 竹内の公理 / Hamburger 仮説 / Rado 仮説 / 連続体問題 / 集合論的多世界宇宙 / 巨大基数 / 数学の基礎づけ
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は,連続体とも呼ばれる実数の全体の集合の集合論的,数学的構造についての知見を深めることを目指している.特に連続体の集合としての大きさを決定する「連続体問題」の解決が研究の最終目標である.連続体は数学研究において中心的な役割をはたす数学的対象であり,その意味で本研究は全数学の基礎付けの問題とも密接に関係し,数学の他の分野への応用の観点からも多くの興味深い問題につながるものであり,そのような問題の解決に向けた研究も含むた広がりをもつ課題となっている.

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

Laver-generic 巨大基数公理(Laver-generic 巨大基数の存在を主張する公理)で付加条件として考察していた tightness を,通常の generic 巨大基数公理に付加し,対応する巨大基数の概念を hyperhuge としたものの仮定のもとで,ベッドロック(内部モデルで,set forcing による強制拡大で universe に至ることのできるもの(グラウンド) のうちの極小なもの) の存在が導かれることを,薄葉季路との共同研究で証明した.
また,回帰公理と呼ばれる公理を導入し,これが既に知られている極大原理(Maximality Principle)や内部モデル仮説 (Inner-Model Hypothesis) のヴァリエーションとなっており,Laver-generic hyper huge 基数公理を更に強めたtightly super C(∞)-Laver generic ultrahuge 基数公理から,この原理が導かれることを示した.
ここでの generic 巨大基数公理の無矛盾性の強さはすべて 2-huge 基数の無矛盾性の強さで抑えられるものになっているが,更に,上で述べたベッドロックの存在定理の系として,tightly Laver-generic hyperhuge巨大基数公理も,tightly super C(∞)-Laver generic ultrahuge 基数公理も,対応する "本物の"巨大基数公理と無矛盾同値になることが示せた.
これらの研究結果の詳細を含む論文は現在まだ preprint の段階であるが,上で述べた結果たちを含む本研究の成果の俯瞰を与える解説論文が,Janos Makowsky教授の誕生日を記念するFestschriftの一章 (査読あり) として,Birkhauser社から出版予定になっている.

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.

Reason

昨年度の研究では,ultrahuge 基数に対応する,Laver-genric 巨大基数公理から,強い Resurrection Axioms や Maximality Principles のΣ2-フラグメントが,導かれることを示したが, 本年度の研究では,更に,ベースになる巨大基数をhyperhuge 基数に押し上げることで,ベッドロック(極小の ground) の存在が導け,更に対応巨大基数公理を Bagaria による C(∞)-巨大基数の概念を更に強化した super-C(∞)-巨大基数で置き換えることで,フルの Maximality Principle が導けることを示した.ベッドロックの存在の系として,対応する Laver-generic 基数公理の無矛盾性の強さのリジッドな評価が得られたことは例えば MM++ の無矛盾性の強さが未定であることを思い出すと,驚くべき結果と言えるだろう.
これらの公理たちの無矛盾性の強さは,すべて,2-huge 巨大基数の存在の無矛盾性の強さで抑えられるものになっていることも判明している.
Maximality Principle を本年度の研究で導入された Recurrence Axiom のバリエージョンと見なおすことで,この公理の極大なインスタンスを考察できるようになる.そのような極大なインスタンス (Laver-generic Maximum) では,知られている無矛盾性の知られている命題は,公理の帰結として導かれるか,あるいは,そのような命題は,多くのグラウンドで成り立つ定理となっている.
これらの結果により,ベースとなる巨大基数の概念を強めることで,Laver-generic 巨大基数公理は,多くの性質を統合し,しかも安定性を持ったものになる,という,本研究の始めに想定した仮説を,強く肯定する結果群が,得られたことになる.

Strategy for Future Research Activity

昨年度末から本年度にかけて,結果が多く得られたため,プレプリント前後の段階の論文がたまってしまっている.次年度の研究では,これらを改良,投稿発表することが具体的な課題の一つとなる.
ベッドロックの存在定理と,Recurrence Axioms は,集合論的多元宇宙から,集合論的地質学 (set theoretic geology) への反映原理と看倣すことができるが,この視点から,自然に思える幾つかの大きめの予想があり,これらについて考察を始め,本研究に続くべき次の研究への橋渡しとしたい.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Research-status Report
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (38 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Open Access: 6 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results) Presentation (19 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 7 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (3 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] ICREA/University of Barcelona(スペイン)

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] City University of New York(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Maximality Principle under a Laver-generic supercompact cardinal2023

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino and Hiroshi Sakai
    • Journal Title

      数理解析研究所 講究録

      Volume: 2261 Pages: 23-37

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 計算、証明、有限、無限2023

    • Author(s)
      渕野昌
    • Journal Title

      現代思想

      Volume: 51 Pages: 64-82

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] On the roles of variants of Axiom of Choice in variations of Tychonoff Theorem2023

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Journal Title

      数理解析研究所 講究録

      Volume: 2243 Pages: 84-99

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Review of: "Nonlinearity and Illfoundedness in the Hierarchy of Large Cardinal Consistency Strength"2023

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Journal Title

      Qeios

      Volume: Qeios ID: 2OIIS5

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Generically supercompact cardinals by forcing with chain conditions2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino and Hiroshi Sakai
    • Journal Title

      数理解析研究所 講究録

      Volume: 2213

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 論理、この厄介なもの2022

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Journal Title

      現代思想

      Volume: 50 Pages: 214-229

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] ハウスドルフの集合論と位相空間論の誕生2022

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Journal Title

      数理科学

      Volume: 60 Pages: 7-18

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Reflection Principles, Generic Large Cardinals, and the Continuum Problem2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae、Rodrigues Andre Ottenbreit Maschio
    • Journal Title

      SAML 2018: Advances in Mathematical Logic

      Pages: 1-25

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-981-16-4173-2_1

    • ISBN
      9789811641725, 9789811641732
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Some remarks on generically large cardinals2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Journal Title

      京都大学数理解析研究所講究録

      Volume: 2198 Pages: 56-69

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Strong downward Loewenheim-Skolem theorems for stationary logics, II: reflection down to the continuum2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae、Ottenbreit Maschio Rodrigues Andre、Sakai Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      Archive for Mathematical Logic

      Volume: 60 Issue: 3-4 Pages: 495-523

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00153-020-00751-6

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 集合論と圏論2020

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Journal Title

      現代思想

      Volume: 48 Pages: 83-102

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Strong downward Lowenheim Skolem theorems for stationary logics, I2020

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae、Rodrigues Andre Ottenbreit Maschio、Sakai Hiroshi
    • Journal Title

      Archive for Mathematical Logic

      Volume: 60 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 17-47

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00153-020-00730-x

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Resurrection and Recurrence2023

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      RIMS Set Theory Workshop 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] On Downward Loewenheim-Skolem theorems of some non first-order logics2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Tokyo Model Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] On Magidor's characterization of supercompact cardinals as Loewenheim-Skolem numbers of the second-order logic2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Kobe Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] On Loewenheim-Skolem number and compactness number of some non first-order logics2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Kobe Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] On reflection, hereditarity, and absoluteness of topological properties2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      RIMS symposium Set-Theoretic and Geometric Topology, and their applications to related fields
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ,,Mengenlehre'' of Hausdorff and set-theoretic mathematics, RIMS Symposium Study of the History of Mathematics2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      RIMS Symposium Study of the History of Mathematics
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Definability of Laver-generic large cardinals and largeness of generic large cardinals with chain conditions2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      New York Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] On weak compactness of extended logics2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      RIMS Open Symposium New Developments in Forcing and Cardinal Arithmetic
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Generically supercompact cardinals as reflection principles2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Organizer
      Barcelona Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Laver-generically large cardinals, their first order definability and some applications of the method2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Organizer
      XVI th Luminy Workshop in set theory
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The first-order definability of generic and Laver-generic large cardinals2021

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Organizer
      日本数学会秋季総合分科会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Some more remarks on Riis' Axiom2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Organizer
      RIMS workshop Recent Developments in Set Theory of the Reals
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 無限と有限の硲(はざま) にて2021

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Organizer
      数学基礎論若手の会 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] On the possible solution(s) of the Continuum Problem2021

    • Author(s)
      Fuchino Sakae
    • Organizer
      東北大学ロジックセミナー
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Monte Carlo strategies for guessing games and Takeuti's reflection axiom2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Kobe Set Theory Workshop 2021
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Laver-generically large dardinal and the Continuum Problem2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Toronto Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Generically suppercompact cardinals as reflection principles,2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Barcelona Set Theory Seminar
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] A/the (possible) solution of the Continuum Problem2020

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      Wroclaw Set-Top Zoominar
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Rado's Conjecture and Hamburger's Hypothesis2020

    • Author(s)
      Sakae Fuchino
    • Organizer
      RIMS set theory workshop 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 自己隔離期間の線型代数 I2023

    • Author(s)
      渕野 昌
    • Total Pages
      528
    • Publisher
      1月と7月
    • ISBN
      9784861137280
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] Preprints and recent papers

    • URL

      https://fuchino.ddo.jp/preprints.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report 2022 Research-status Report 2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] Kobe Set Theory Seminar

    • URL

      http://www2.kobe-u.ac.jp/~fuchino/kobe-set-theory-seminar/

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] Preprints and Recent Papers

    • URL

      https://fuchino.ddo.jp/preprints.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Funded Workshop] RIMS Set Theory Workshop 2023 Large Cardinals and the Continuum2023

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-12-25  

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