• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

Properties of Supernova Explosions of First Stars and Connections to Blackhole Formation as Gravitational Wave Sources

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K04024
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 16010:Astronomy-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Nomoto Ken'ichi  東京大学, カブリ数物連携宇宙研究機構, 客員上級科学研究員 (90110676)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 鈴木 知治  中部大学, 工学部, 教授 (20280935)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords初代星 / 超新星 / ブラックホール / 重力波 / 元素の起源
Outline of Research at the Start

宇宙の初代星がどのような質量関数を持ち、どのような進化・超新星爆発・元素合成をしたかを解明することは、現在の天文学の焦点の一つである。本研究では、太陽質量の80-140倍という大質量を持つ初代星が、重力波で観測されている質量の大きいブラックホールと、高度に明るく輝く新しいタイプの超新星の源に関係しているという作業仮説を立て、その検証を試みる。この質量範囲の星が持つ、電子対生成によって脈動を起こしつつ重力崩壊するという進化上の特性に着目し、ブラックホールの質量と超新星爆発に伴う元素合成の理論値を求め、観測値と比較することによって、初代星の質量と進化を探る。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This project aims at clarifying the nature and evolution of first stars in the universe, in particular, the nature of the progenitors of massive black holes observed with gravitational waves and the new type of superluminous supernovae. We have studied the 80-140 solar mass (Msun) stars, which undergoes pair-instability pulsations and gravitational collapse to form black holes. Our findings are as follows: 1) These massive stars undergo lots of mass loss due to
pulsations and form circumstellar matter. 2) The maximum of the black hole is about 50 Msun, which is consistent with the gravitational wave observations (except for 1 exception). 3) Nucleosynthesis of supernovae that associated with the black hole formation shows the importance of the Si/O and Ca/O ratios to identify the progenitor masses.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我々自身の起源、将来を解明する上で、この宇宙がどのように誕生し進化してきたかを明らかにすることは、学術的にも社会的にも最も重要な課題の一つである。多くの観測が宇宙はビッグバンとして始まったことを示しているが、ビッグバン後にどのような初代星が形成されたかは明らかになっていない。本研究では、最近の重力波の観測から得られたブラックホールの質量を手がかりに、ブラックホールの形成に伴う特異な超新星のモデルを計算し、ブラックホールと超新星の親星の質量範囲を特定することができた。それにより、初代星の有力候補とその質量範囲を推定することができた。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 17 results,  Peer Reviewed: 17 results,  Open Access: 17 results) Presentation (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Evolution and Final Fate of Solar Metallicity Stars in the Mass Range 7-15 Msun. I. The Transition from Asymptotic Giant Branch to Super-AGB Stars, Electron Capture, and Core-collapse Supernova Progenitors2024

    • Author(s)
      Limongi Marco、Roberti Lorenzo、Chieffi Alessandro、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 270 Issue: 2 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ad12c1

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] "EMPRESS. XIII. Chemical Enrichment of Young Galaxies Near and Far at z = 0 and 4-10: Fe/O, Ar/O, S/O, and N/O Measurements with a Comparison of Chemical Evolution Models"2024

    • Author(s)
      "Watanabe, Kuria; Ouchi, Masami; Nakajima, Kimihiko; Isobe, Yuki; Tominaga, Nozomu; Suzuki, Akihiro; Ishigaki, Miho N.; Nomoto, Ken'ichi; Takahashi, Koh; Harikane, Yuichi; Hatano, Shun; Kusakabe, Haruka; Moriya, Takashi J.; Nishigaki, Moka; Ono, Yoshiaki; Onodera, Masato; Sugahara, Yuma"
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: Volume 962 Issue: 1 Pages: 50-50

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ad13ff

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Ambipolar Heating of Magnetars2023

    • Author(s)
      Tsuruta Sachiko、Kelly Madeline J.、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Mori Kanji、Teter Marcus、Liebmann Andrew C.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 945 Issue: 2 Pages: 151-158

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acbd38

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Machine Learning Detects Multiplicity of the First Stars in Stellar Archaeology Data2023

    • Author(s)
      Hartwig Tilman、Ishigaki Miho N.、Kobayashi Chiaki、Tominaga Nozomu、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 946 Issue: 1 Pages: 20-38

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acbcc6

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Hydrodynamics and Nucleosynthesis of Jet-driven Supernovae.I Parameter Study of the Dependence on Jet Energetics2023

    • Author(s)
      Leung Shing-Chi、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Suzuki Tomoharu
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 948 Issue: 2 Pages: 80-80

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acbdf5

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Impact of the new 12C+12C reaction rate on presupernova nucleosynthesis2023

    • Author(s)
      Xin Wenyu、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Zhao Gang、Wu Wenbo
    • Journal Title

      Chinese Physics C

      Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Pages: 034107-034107

    • DOI

      10.1088/1674-1137/aca1ff

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Hydrodynamic simulations of electron-capture supernovae: progenitor and dimension dependence2022

    • Author(s)
      Zha Shuai、O’Connor Evan P、Couch Sean M、Leung Shing-Chi、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 513 Issue: 1 Pages: 1317-1328

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac1035

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report 2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] MUSSES2020J: The Earliest Discovery of a Fast Blue Ultraluminous Transient at Redshift 1.0632022

    • Author(s)
      Jiang Ji-an、Yasuda Naoki、Maeda Keiichi、Tominaga Nozomu、Doi Mamoru、Yoachim Peter、Uno Kohki、Moriya Takashi J.、Kumar Brajesh、Pan Yen-Chen、Tanaka Masayuki、Tanaka Masaomi、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Jha Saurabh W.、Ruiz-Lapuente Pilar、Jones David、Shigeyama Toshikazu、Suzuki Nao et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 933 Issue: 2 Pages: L36-L36

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ac7390

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The late-time light curves of Type Ia supernovae: confronting models with observations2022

    • Author(s)
      Tiwari Vishal、Graur Or、Fisher Robert、Seitenzahl Ivo、Leung Shing-Chi、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Perets Hagai Binyamin、Shen Ken
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 515 Issue: 3 Pages: 3703-3715

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac1618

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] EMPRESS. IV. Extremely Metal-poor Galaxies Including Very Low-mass Primordial Systems with M* = 10^4 - 10^5 Msun and 2%-3% (O/H): High (Fe/O) Suggestive of Metal Enrichment by Hypernovae/Pair-instability Supernovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Isobe Yuki、Ouchi Masami、Suzuki Akihiro、Moriya Takashi J.、et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 925 Issue: 2 Pages: 111-111

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac3509

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Spatially Resolved X-Ray Study of Supernova Remnant G306.3-0.9 with Unusually High Calcium Abundance2022

    • Author(s)
      Weng Jianbin、Zhou Ping、Chen Yang、Leung Shing-Chi、Toonen Silvia、Perets Hagai B.、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Zenati Yossef、Vink Jacco
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 924 Issue: 2 Pages: 119-125

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac308d

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Origin of metals in old Milky Way halo stars based on GALAH and Gaia2021

    • Author(s)
      Ishigaki Miho N、Hartwig Tilman、Tarumi Yuta、Leung Shing-Chi、Tominaga Nozomu、Kobayashi Chiaki、Magg Mattis、Simionescu Aurora、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 506 Issue: 4 Pages: 5410-5429

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab1982

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Fast Blue Optical Transients Due to Circumstellar Interaction and the Mysterious Supernova SN 2018gep2021

    • Author(s)
      Leung Shing-Chi、Fuller Jim、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 915 Issue: 2 Pages: 80-89

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abfcbe

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Strongly Lensed Supernova Refsdal: Refining Time Delays Based on the Supernova Explosion Models2021

    • Author(s)
      Baklanov Petr、Lyskova Natalia、Blinnikov Sergei、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 907 Issue: 1 Pages: 35-35

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abcd98

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Exploration of Aspherical Ejecta Properties in Type Ia Supernovae: Progenitor Dependence and Applications to Progenitor Classification2021

    • Author(s)
      Leung Shing-Chi、Diehl Roland、Nomoto Ken’ichi、Siegert Thomas
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 909 Issue: 2 Pages: 152-152

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abc9c1

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A minimum dilution scenario for supernovae and consequences for extremely metal-poor stars2020

    • Author(s)
      Magg Mattis、Nordlander Thomas、Glover Simon C O、Hansen Camilla J、Ishigaki Miho、Heger Alexander、Klessen Ralf S、Kobayashi Chiaki、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 498 Issue: 3 Pages: 3703-3712

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa2624

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: New Mass and Distance Estimates for Betelgeuse through Combined Evolutionary, Asteroseismic, and Hydrodynamic Simulations with MESA2020

    • Author(s)
      Joyce Meridith、Leung Shing-Chi、Molnar Laszlo、Ireland Michael、Kobayashi Chiaki、Nomoto Ken’ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 902 Issue: 1 Pages: 63-63

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abb8db

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Mixing-Fallback超新星爆発モデルで探る極金属欠乏銀河の豊富な鉄の起源2023

    • Author(s)
      渡辺くりあ
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2023年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 高い鉄酸素比を持つ極金属欠乏銀河の元素組成比とその起源2022

    • Author(s)
      渡辺くりあ
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] White Dwarf Explosions2021

    • Author(s)
      Shing-Chi Leung and Ken'ichi Nomoto
    • Organizer
      Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann meeting
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi