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Simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy of superflares on M- and K-type stars

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K04032
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 16010:Astronomy-related
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

Maehara Hiroyuki  国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, 助教 (40456851)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywords恒星フレア / 恒星黒点 / コロナ質量放出 / プラズマ噴出 / 光学赤外線天文学 / 恒星 / フレア / 黒点
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、太陽型星よりも温度の低いM, K型星主系列星について、TESSの超高精度の測光観測と同時に、せいめい望遠鏡他の中小口径望遠鏡による高時間分解能分光観測を行い、スーパーフレアそのものやフレアと黒点・活動領域との関係について、太陽フレア・太陽型星のスーパーフレアとの比較研究を行う。特に、1.黒点や活動領域の面積とスーパーフレアの規模や頻度にどのような関係があるのか、および、スーパーフレアそのものの測光・分光の同時観測から、2.可視連続光と彩層輝線のそれぞれの時間変化の様子や放射されるエネルギーの割合、3.スーパーフレアに伴うプラズマ噴出現象の有無、の3点について重点的に調べる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we performed simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy of M and K-type stars using TESS and Seimei 3.8-m telescope to observe the rotational modulations and flares. Using the long-term photometric and spectroscopic data of an active M-dwarf, we found that the area of starspots and H-alpha flux increase as the flare frequency increases. In addition, we succeeded in observing several superflares on M-, K-, G-type stars and RS CVn binaries. Furthermore, we found that some flares showed ``blue-asymmetries'' in the H-alpha line, which are thought to be caused by the prominence/filament eruptions. The estimated masses of the erupted materials are consistent with the empirical relation between the flare energy and CME mass on the Sun.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究により明らかになった恒星フレアのエネルギーとフレアに伴うプラズマ噴出現象の質量、速度の関係は、恒星におけるフレアが恒星の周りを周回する惑星の大気にどのような影響を与えるのか、特にハビタブルゾーン内の惑星において生命居住可能な環境を維持することが可能かどうか、を評価する上で重要な基礎データとなる。さらに、太陽において現在知られているよりも規模の大きなスーパーフレアが発生した場合、それに伴うCMEによって現代社会に最大でどのくらいの被害が生じうるのかを見積もるうえでも本研究で得られた知見が役立つと考えられる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (28 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Peer Reviewed: 7 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 5 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Institute of Astronomy(ブルガリア)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Konkoly Observatory(ハンガリー)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] European Southern Observatory(チリ)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Peking University(中国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Colorado Boulder/NASA(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Colorado Boulder(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] A Superflare on YZ Canis Minoris Observed by the Seimei Telescope and TESS2023

    • Author(s)
      Namizaki, Keiichi; Namekata, Kosuke; Maehara, Hiroyuki ; Notsu, Yuta ; Honda, Satoshi ; Nogami, Daisaku ; Shibata, Kazunari
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 945 Issue: 1 Pages: 61-61

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acb928

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Discovery of a Long-duration Superflare on a Young Solar-type Star EK Draconis with Nearly Similar Time Evolution for Hα and White-light Emissions2022

    • Author(s)
      Namekata Kosuke、Maehara Hiroyuki、Honda Satoshi、Notsu Yuta、Okamoto Soshi、Takahashi Jun、Takayama Masaki、Ohshima Tomohito、Saito Tomoki、Katoh Noriyuki、Tozuka Miyako、Murata Katsuhiro L.、Ogawa Futa、Niwano Masafumi、Adachi Ryo、Oeda Motoki、Shiraishi Kazuki、Isogai Keisuke、Nogami Daisaku、Shibata Kazunari
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 926 Issue: 1 Pages: L5-L5

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ac4df0

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Probable detection of an eruptive filament from a superflare on a solar-type star2021

    • Author(s)
      Namekata Kosuke、et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 241-248

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-021-01532-8

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry of M dwarf flare star YZ Canis Minoris with OISTER and TESS: Blue asymmetry in the Hα line during the non-white light flare2021

    • Author(s)
      Maehara Hiroyuki、Notsu Yuta、Namekata Kousuke、Honda Satoshi、Kowalski Adam F、Katoh Noriyuki、Ohshima Tomohito、Iida Kota、Oeda Motoki、Murata Katsuhiro L、Yamanaka Masayuki、Takagi Kengo、Sasada Mahito、Akitaya Hiroshi、Ikuta Kai、Okamoto Soshi、Nogami Daisaku、Shibata Kazunari
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 44-65

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa098

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Statistical Properties of Superflares on Solar-type Stars: Results Using All of the Kepler Primary Mission Data2021

    • Author(s)
      Okamoto Soshi、Notsu Yuta、Maehara Hiroyuki、Namekata Kosuke、Honda Satoshi、Ikuta Kai、Nogami Daisaku、Shibata Kazunari
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 906 Issue: 2 Pages: 72-72

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abc8f5

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Starspot Mapping with Adaptive Parallel Tempering. I. Implementation of Computational Code2020

    • Author(s)
      Ikuta Kai、Maehara Hiroyuki、Notsu Yuta、Namekata Kosuke、Kato Taichi、Notsu Shota、Okamoto Soshi、Honda Satoshi、Nogami Daisaku、Shibata Kazunari
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 902 Issue: 1 Pages: 73-73

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abae5f

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Optical and X-ray observations of stellar flares on an active M dwarf AD Leonis with the Seimei Telescope, SCAT, NICER, and OISTER2020

    • Author(s)
      Namekata, Kosuke et al.
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 72 Issue: 4 Pages: 4-15

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa051

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 晩期型星におけるスーパーフレアの測光・分光同時観測2023

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之
    • Organizer
      第13回 光・赤外線天文学大学間連携ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] K型星V833 TauとBF Lynにおけるスーパーフレアの高時間分解能分光観測2023

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之
    • Organizer
      第28回天体スペクトル研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Superflares and super-CMEs on solar-type stars2022

    • Author(s)
      Maehara, H.
    • Organizer
      XXXIst General Assembly International Astronomical Union
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Simultaneous TESS and ground-based spectroscopic observations of stellar superflares: Exploring the connection between stellar mass ejections and superflares2022

    • Author(s)
      Maehara, H.
    • Organizer
      44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Hunting for stellar mass ejections associated with stellar superflares through time-resolved optical spectroscopy of superflare stars2022

    • Author(s)
      Maehara, H.
    • Organizer
      44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Stellar mass ejections associated with superflares on solar- and late-type stars2022

    • Author(s)
      Maehara, H.
    • Organizer
      Solar Extreme Events: Setting Up a Paradigm: the ISSI (Bern) SEESUP team 2nd meeting
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] せいめい望遠鏡によるK型星BF Lynのスーパーフレアの高時間分解能分光観測2022

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之, 行方宏介, 野津湧太, 本田敏志, 幾田佳, 浪崎桂一, 井上峻, 野上大作, 柴田一成
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] K型主系列星V833 Tauのスーパーフレアの高時間分解能分光観測2022

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Time-resolved Spectroscopy and Photometry of an M Dwarf Flare Star YZ Canis Minoris with OISTER and TESS: Blue Asymmetry in H-alpha Line During the Non-white-light Flare2021

    • Author(s)
      Maehara Hiroyuki
    • Organizer
      AOGS2021 Virtual 18th Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Time-resolved Spectroscopy and Photometry of an M Dwarf Flare Star YZ Canis Minoris with OISTER and TESS: Blue Asymmetry in H-alpha Line During the Non-white-light Flare2021

    • Author(s)
      Maehara Hiroyuki
    • Organizer
      TESS Science Conference II
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] K型主系列星LQ Hyaにおけるスーパーフレアの測光分光同時観測2021

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2021年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry of M dwarf flare star YZ Canis Minoris with OISTER and TESS: Blue asymmetry in the Hα line during the non-white light flare2021

    • Author(s)
      Maehara, H.
    • Organizer
      Cool Stars 20.5
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] せいめい望遠鏡とTESS, 小口径望遠鏡によるM型星フレアの同時測光分光観測2020

    • Author(s)
      前原裕之
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2020年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 太陽型星のスーパーフレアから噴出する巨大フィラメントを初検出

    • URL

      https://www.nao.ac.jp/news/science/2021/20211210-okayama.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 太陽型星のスーパーフレアから噴出する巨大フィラメントを初検出

    • URL

      http://okayama.mtk.nao.ac.jp/EK_Dra/EK_Dra_superflare.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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