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Cracking the chondrules of carbonaceous meteorites in hypervelocity impact experiments.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K04048
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17010:Space and planetary sciences-related
Research InstitutionKindai University

Principal Investigator

Michikami Tatsuhiro  近畿大学, 工学部, 教授 (60369931)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Keywords小惑星リュウグウ / 衝突実験 / コンドライト隕石 / X線CT撮像実験 / 小惑星ベンヌ / X線CT撮像実験
Outline of Research at the Start

小惑星リュウグウのような微小重力下でのレゴリス層形成はよく分かっていない。本研究は、炭素質小惑星と同じ炭素質隕石に対して衝突実験を行い、衝突前後の隕石の内部構造をX線CT撮像することで、衝突によって生じたクラックの空間分布、特にコンドリュール中のクラックの進展を調べる。これらの実験データを、2020年末に地球に持ち帰られる小惑星リュウグウ粒子の解析結果と比較することで、炭素質小惑星の表層形成メカニズムの解明を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to investigate how chondrules are affected by impact-induced crack growth, we fired spherical alumina and glass projectiles (diameter 1 and 0.8 mm) into 1 to 2 cm-sized targets of carbonaceous meteorites at a nominal impact velocity of 2.0 and 4.0 km/s. Before and after the six successful impact experiments, the cracks within chondrules in the respective targets are examined using X-ray microtomography at a resolution with the voxel size of ~10 um. The results show that most cracks in CM chondrites grow regardless of the boundary surfaces of the chondrules. We found that most chondrules in CM chondrites have experienced aqueous alteration and become structurally weak.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年の探査機による直接探査によって、小惑星表面はレゴリス層と呼ばれる数cm以下の破砕物で覆われていることが分かった。しかし、レゴリス層の生成メカニズムはよく分かっていない。レゴリス層の形成要因として、小惑星の昼夜の温度差がもたらす熱疲労による表面物質の細粒化、小惑星母天体からの衝突破片の再集積の2つがある。本研究によって、炭素質小惑星と同じ物質のCM隕石の場合、コンドリュール中のクラック成長が、熱疲労と衝突で異なることが分かった。今回の結果を小惑星ベンヌ粒子の調査結果と比較することで、小惑星レゴリス層の形成メカニズムの解明が期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (9 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Lulea University of Technology(スウェーデン)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Lulea University of Technology(スウェーデン)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Lulea University of Technology(スウェーデン)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Three-dimensional imaging of high-velocity-impact induced crack growth in carbonaceous meteorites2023

    • Author(s)
      Michikami T., Tsuchiyama A., Hagermann A., Takeda A., Shishido K., Otsuka Y., Sasaki O., Nakamura M., Okumura S., Kano H., Hasegawa S.
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 392 Pages: 115371-115371

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115371

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Three-axial shape distributions of pebbles, cobbles and boulders smaller than a few meters on asteroid Ryugu2022

    • Author(s)
      Michikami Tatsuhiro、Hagermann Axel、Morota Tomokatsu、et al.
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 381 Pages: 115007-115007

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115007

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Boulder sizes and shapes on asteroids: A comparative study of Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu2021

    • Author(s)
      Michikami Tatsuhiro、Hagermann Axel
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 357 Pages: 114282-114282

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114282

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 炭素質隕石に対する衝突実験~コンドリュール内部構造とクラック2023

    • Author(s)
      道上達広
    • Organizer
      令和4年度宇宙科学に関する室内実験シンポジウム(書面発表)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 炭素質隕石に対する衝突実験~X線CT撮像による隕石内部クラックの3次元分布2022

    • Author(s)
      道上達広
    • Organizer
      日本惑星学会2022年秋季講演会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 炭素質隕石に対する衝突実験~コンドリュール内部のクラック成長2022

    • Author(s)
      道上達広
    • Organizer
      第18回天体の衝突物理の解明
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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