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Heat and mass transport process in the Earth's liquid core viewed from quantitative visualization experiments of thermal convection in a liquid metal layer

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K04114
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
Research InstitutionMeisei University

Principal Investigator

Kumagai Ichiro  明星大学, 理工学部, 教授 (50597680)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 田坂 裕司  北海道大学, 工学研究院, 准教授 (00419946)
益子 岳史  静岡大学, 工学部, 准教授 (70415917)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Keywords可視化 / 液体金属 / 熱対流 / 超音波流速分布計 / 感温液晶 / 地球 / 外核 / 可視化実験 / 相変化 / レオロジー測定 / 地球流体核 / 対流 / プルーム
Outline of Research at the Start

超音波流速分布計や感温液晶を用いた温度場計測などの非侵襲な流体計測技術によって、液体金属プルームの2次元温度場と流速場を同時可視化し、低Prandtl数流体の液体金属プルームの形状やRayleigh-Benard対流における熱物質輸送の物理を実験的に明らかにする。本研究により、地球の外核における液体金属プルームの描像が提示され、その熱流動ダイナミクスの理解が進む。本研究の成果は、地球科学的観測ターゲットの絞り込みや数値計算の信頼性を高めるための重要なレファレンスとなり、地球深部ダイナミクス分野を活性化させる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have conducted Rayleigh-Benard convection experiments in a liquid metal layer at high Ra numbers aimed at understanding heat and mass transport in the Earth's fluid core. In this study, the two-dimensional temperature field on the surface of a quasi-two-dimensional liquid metal layer was obtained by a sheet of TLCs (thermochromic liquid crystals) and velocity fields inside the fluid layer were analyzed by UVPs (Ultrasonic velocity profiling). Our quantitative visualization techniques have revealed that the convective pattern strongly depends on the Ra number. While a steady circulating flow is observed at low Ra numbers, periodic oscillation of convection pattern is observed at the higher Ra numbers due to interactions between hot and cold plumes, and at the same time the irregularity of the convective motion increases with the Rayleigh number.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、液体金属対流の2次元温度場について感温液晶シートを用いることで可視化し、また複数のUVPによる速度場計測と組み合わせることで、液体金属対流の速度場についても同時に可視化することに成功した。これにより、Prandtl数(Pr数)が1よりも十分小さな領域における対流場の変遷(Rayleigh数の増加に伴う定常的な流れから、周期性、非定常性の出現に至るまでの変遷)が明らかになった。これらの結果は、Pr数が1以上の流体で得られた現象とは異なり、低Pr数領域の熱対流による熱物質輸送の理解に役立つ成果である。工学的な応用分野においても、質の良い金属結晶の生成の際、本研究の知見が重要となる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Interaction between a falling sphere and the structure of a non-Newtonian yield-stress fluid2020

    • Author(s)
      Sgreva, N.R., Davaille, A., Kumagai, I., and Kurita K.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

      Volume: 284 Pages: 104355-104355

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jnnfm.2020.104355

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 地球惑星科学の混相流2020

    • Author(s)
      熊谷 一郎, 市原 美恵, 久利 美和, 栗田 敬
    • Journal Title

      混相流

      Volume: 34 Pages: 389-394

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 感温液晶と超音波流速分布計による準二次元液体金属熱対流の可視化2023

    • Author(s)
      田坂裕司、熊谷一郎
    • Organizer
      第51回 可視化情報シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Irregular motion of a falling sphere in a hydrogel suspension2023

    • Author(s)
      Ichiro Kumagai, Shuya Akai, Kei Kurita
    • Organizer
      The 10th Academic Exchange and Cooperative Research Symposium (AECoR-X)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 吸水性ゲル粒子を用いた非ニュートン流体中を落下する球体の相互作用に関する実験2022

    • Author(s)
      熊谷一郎、赤井俊哉、栗田敬
    • Organizer
      日本流体力学会 年会2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 密度成層中における熱組成プルームの形成過程2021

    • Author(s)
      熊谷一郎
    • Organizer
      日本流体力学会年会2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Probing the characteristics of mush-magma transition: insights from laboratory experiments2020

    • Author(s)
      Sgreva, N.R., Davaille, A., Kumagai, I., and Kurita K.
    • Organizer
      EGU General Assembly 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Deflating the LLSVPs: bundles of mantle thermochemical hot instabilities rather than thick stagnant "piles"2020

    • Author(s)
      Davaille, A., Romanowicz, B.A., Kumagai, I., and Kurita, K.
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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