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Development of a flash-type volcanic gas composition automatic observation device and prediction of phreatic eruption

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K05051
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 25030:Disaster prevention engineering-related
Research InstitutionTokai University

Principal Investigator

Ohba Takeshi  東海大学, 理学部, 教授 (60203915)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Keywords水蒸気噴火 / 火山ガス / 噴気 / CO2 / H2S / 箱根山 / 草津白根山 / 化学組成 / 自動観測 / 連続観測
Outline of Research at the Start

水蒸気噴火を起こす火山では熱水溜りの一部が火山ガス(噴気)として地表に放出している場合が多い。噴気は熱水溜りの情報を地表に運ぶ唯一の物証である。この噴気の化学組成を測定し,マグマ起源成分の増減を検知することができれば,水蒸気噴火予測の道が切り開かれる。本研究では,噴気の成分比(CO2/H2S比)を自動観測する装置を開発・作成し,CO2/H2S比の時間変化と火山性地震の因果関係を解明する。さらに,CO2/H2S比の時間変化に基づき,これまで発生予測が困難とされてきた水蒸気噴火のポテンシャル診断を試みる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We developed a device to automatically measure the chemical composition of the fumarolic gas emitted in the geothermal area of active volcanoes. The device was installed on the slope of the Owakudani geothermal at Hakone volcano. The CO2/H2S ratio was successfully estimated from the correlation between the CO2 and H2S concentrations measured by the device. In parallel with the development of the device, the correlation with the frequency of volcanic earthquakes was investigated by repeated observations of direct sampling and chemical analysis of fumarolic gas at Hakone and Kusatsu-Shirane volcanoes. In August 2021, we detected an increase in the He/CH4 ratio in the fumarolic gas of Hakone volcano, and succeeded in detecting signs of increased volcanic activity. In the fumarolic gas at Kusatsu-Shirane volcano, a decreasing trend of He/CO2 ratio was obtained from around 2020. This is in harmony with the calming of volcanic activity that began in 2020.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

御嶽山では2014年に水蒸気噴火が突如発生し、登山客60名余りが犠牲になった。2018年の本白根山における水蒸気噴火では1名が犠牲になった。水蒸気噴火は、一般的に前兆としての火山性地震の発生頻度と地震の規模が小さいために、噴火の予測が困難である。日本の国土には100以上の活火山が分布し、活火山は観光地になっている場合が多い。そのため、水蒸気噴火の予測は防災の観点から重要視されている。本研究では、従来の火山性地震観測に加えて化学的な火山ガス観測を行うことで、水蒸気噴火を予測し、安心安全の社会作りに貢献することを最終的な目標としている。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (13 results)

All 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 6 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Volcanic fluid2022

    • Author(s)
      大場武
    • Journal Title

      Chikyukagaku

      Volume: 56 Issue: 4 Pages: 64-75

    • DOI

      10.14934/chikyukagaku.56.64

    • ISSN
      0386-4073, 2188-5923
    • Year and Date
      2022-12-25
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Volcanic Ash from the June 17, 1962 Eruption of Yakedake Volcano: Stereomicroscopic, XRD, and Water-Soluble Components Analyses2022

    • Author(s)
      Yaguchi Muga、Ohba Takeshi、Hirayama Yasuo、Numanami Nozomi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Disaster Research

      Volume: 17 Issue: 2 Pages: 257-262

    • DOI

      10.20965/jdr.2022.p0257

    • NAID

      130008150662

    • ISSN
      1881-2473, 1883-8030
    • Year and Date
      2022-02-01
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Quantitative Assessment of Temporal Changes in Subaqueous Hydrothermal Activity in Active Crater Lakes During Unrest Based on a Time-Series of Lake Water Chemistry2022

    • Author(s)
      Terada Akihiko、Yaguchi Muga、Ohba Takeshi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Earth Science

      Volume: 9

    • DOI

      10.3389/feart.2021.740671

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Groundwater Interacting at Depth With Hot Plastic Magma Triggers Phreatic Eruptions at Yugama Crater Lake of Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano (Japan)2021

    • Author(s)
      Yaguchi Muga、Ohba Takeshi、Terada Akihiko
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Earth Science

      Volume: 9

    • DOI

      10.3389/feart.2021.741742

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Behavior of magmatic components in fumarolic gases related to the 2018 phreatic eruption at Ebinokogen Ioyama volcano, Kirishima Volcanic Group, Kyushu, Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Ohba Takeshi、Yaguchi Muga、Tsunogai Urumu、Ito Masanori、Shingubara Ryo
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-17

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-021-01405-4

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Temperature and electrical conductivity of water in Lake Nyos transmitted by an automatic observation buoy2020

    • Author(s)
      Ohba Takeshi、Ooki Seigo、Oginuma Yu、Yoshida Hajime、Ntchantcho Romaric、Ako Andrew、Tawedi Robert、Ayissi Mevengue、Tanyileke Gregory、Hell Joseph V.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of African Earth Sciences

      Volume: 172 Pages: 1-8

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103976

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 箱根山火山ガスHe/CH4比の上昇速度と地震回数の関係2022

    • Author(s)
      大場武、谷口無我、沼波望、豊島誠也
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2022年大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Correlation between the rate of increase in the He/CH4 ratio of volcanic gas and the number of earthquakes at Mt Hakone2022

    • Author(s)
      Ohba T., M. Yaguchi, N. Numanami, S. Toyoshima
    • Organizer
      14th IAVCEI-CCVG Field Workshop, Peru
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 草津白根山における地球化学的モニタリング2022

    • Author(s)
      大場武, 谷口無我
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2022年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Behavior of magmatic components in fumarolic gases related to the 2018 phreatic eruption at Ebinokogen Ioyama volcano, Kirishima Volcanic Group, Kyushu, Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi OHBA, Muga YAGUCHI, Urumu TSUNOGAI, Masanori ITO, Ryo SHINGUBARA
    • Organizer
      1st IAVCEI-CCVG Virtual Workshop, IAVCEI, (2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 箱根火山噴気化学組成の時間変化2021

    • Author(s)
      大場武、谷口無我、沼波望、豊島誠也
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2021年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] えびの高原硫黄山2018年水蒸気噴火で解明された火山ガスに含まれるマグマ起源成分の挙動2021

    • Author(s)
      大場武、谷口無我、角皆潤、伊藤昌稚、新宮原諒
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2021年大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] えびの高原硫黄山火山ガス組成と2018年水蒸気噴火の関係2020

    • Author(s)
      大場武,谷口無我,角皆潤,伊藤昌稚,新宮原諒
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2020年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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