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Deciphering the molecular mechanism of liquid-liquid phase separation from low-complexity sequences that vary by species

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K06525
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 43020:Structural biochemistry-related
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology (2023)
Kobe University (2020-2022)

Principal Investigator

Ohhashi Yumiko  東京工業大学, 科学技術創成研究院, 特任講師 (10422669)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords液-液相分離 / アミロイド / 天然変性蛋白質 / アミロイド線維 / 低複雑性配列 / Sup35
Outline of Research at the Start

細胞内には無数の液-液相分離が形成されており、特定の生体分子が局所的に濃縮されている。液-液相分離の形成・解離は、一連の生体内化学反応のON/OFFを意味し、その制御は、創薬の重要なターゲットとなる事が期待できる。これまでの研究で、液-液相分離の形成・解離に、「低複雑性配列」を保持した天然変性蛋白質が主体的な役割を担っている事が明らかになっているが、その詳細な分子機構は未解明である。本研究では、2種類の低複雑性配列を持つ、酵母翻訳終止因子Sup35のN末端天然変性領域を用い、人為的に液-液相分離形成を制御できる手法の確立を目的として、低複雑性配列の役割を解明する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We researched to elucidate how amyloid formation from phase-separated droplets is suppressed. The N-terminal region of the Sup35 protein (Sup35NM) has a different sequence depending on the yeast species. By mixing these proteins, we constructed an in vitro system where multiple proteins coexist, mimicking the environment of intracellular conditions.
It was found that the four types of Sup35NM can coexist within the droplets and that their coexistence within the droplets delays amyloid formation. A protein with an amino acid composition similar to Sup35 colocalizes in the droplets within yeast cells, suggesting that amyloid formation is suppressed by a similar mechanism within the cells.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

タンパク質の異常凝集体であるアミロイドは、様々な重篤な疾患に関与しており、その多くは治療法が確立していない。そのため多方面から勢力的に研究が行われているが、どのようにして体内でアミロイドが形成されるのか、つまりアミロイド病発症のメカニズムは未解明である。相分離液滴からのアミロイド形成は近年発見された新たなアミロイド病発症モデルであり、その詳細な解析とアミロイド形成抑制機構の解明は今後の創薬や治療法開発の上で重要な知見となると期待できる。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 1 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Current Understanding of the Structure, Stability and Dynamic Properties of Amyloid Fibrils2021

    • Author(s)
      Chatani Eri、Yuzu Keisuke、Ohhashi Yumiko、Goto Yuji
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Molecular Sciences

      Volume: 22 Issue: 9 Pages: 4349-4349

    • DOI

      10.3390/ijms22094349

    • NAID

      120007038650

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Short disordered protein segment regulates cross-species transmission of a yeast prion2020

    • Author(s)
      Shida T, Kamatari YO, Yoda T, Yamaguchi Y, Feig M, Ohhashi Y, Sugita Y, Kuwata K, Tanaka M.
    • Journal Title

      Nat Chem Biol

      Volume: 16 Issue: 7 Pages: 756-765

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41589-020-0516-y

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A local structure of the intrinsically disordered region of Sup35 governs the temperature sensitivity of liquid-liquid phase separation.2023

    • Author(s)
      Yumiko Ohhashi
    • Organizer
      第46回日本分子生物学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Local structure of an intrinsically disordered region of Sup35 causes temperature sensitivity of liquid-liquid phase separation.2022

    • Author(s)
      Yumiko Ohhashi
    • Organizer
      Satellite seminar of Proteostasis & Disease SYMPOSIUM 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Local conformation of intrinsically disordered region of Sup35 produces temperature sensitivity of liquid-liquid phase separation.2022

    • Author(s)
      Yumiko Ohhashi, Suguru Nishinami, Kentaro Shiraki, Eri Chatani
    • Organizer
      Proteostasis & Disease SYMPOSIUM 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Amyloid Formation of Sup35 from Three Different Yeast Species2022

    • Author(s)
      大橋祐美子、西奈美卓、白木賢太郎、茶谷絵理
    • Organizer
      第60回日本生物物理学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 天然変性領域の局所構造がSup35の液-液相分離の環境応答性を決定する2022

    • Author(s)
      大橋祐美子、西奈美卓、白木賢太郎、茶谷絵理
    • Organizer
      第22回日本蛋白質科学会年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Sup35の液-液相分離におけるプリオンドメインの役割2021

    • Author(s)
      大橋祐美子、西奈美卓、白木賢太郎、茶谷絵理
    • Organizer
      第21回日本蛋白質科学会年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Sup35の液-液相分離におけるプリオンドメインの役割2021

    • Author(s)
      大橋祐美子、西奈美卓、白木賢太郎、茶谷絵理
    • Organizer
      第21回日本蛋白質科学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Molecular basis for diversification of amyloid conformation2020

    • Author(s)
      Yumiko Ohhashi, Motomasa Tanaka
    • Organizer
      第58回日本生物物理学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 現代科学・増刊46「相分離生物学の全貌」2020

    • Author(s)
      西奈美卓、大橋祐美子
    • Total Pages
      395
    • Publisher
      東京化学同人
    • ISBN
      9784807913466
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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