| Project/Area Number |
20K12139
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 63010:Environmental dynamic analysis-related
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| Research Institution | Chuo University |
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Principal Investigator |
Hotes Stefan 中央大学, 理工学部, 教授 (20401185)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
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| Keywords | vegetation / alternat. stable states / disturbance / volcanism / resilience / microbial symbionts / nutrients / altern. stable states / Ecosystems / Peatlands / Resilience / Alternative equilibria |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
This project addresses the issue of alternative stable states in peatland ecosystems. The core hypothesis to be tested is that feedback loops mediated by biotic interactions between peatland taxa determine whether peatland vegetation shows resilience or shifts to new stability basins after disturbance by volcanic ash deposition.
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Medium term and short term effects of tephra deposition on mire vegetation were investigated in a field experiment and laboratory experiments. In the field experiment, treatments mimicking tephra deposition led to divergent responses of the dwarf shrub Myrica gale after five to eight years, indicating the development of alternative stable states. After 20 years, the cover of M. gale had declined, showing that the alternative state with high cover was not maintained. In the laboratory experiments, effects of acid precipitation and tephra deposition were tested. Strongly acid precipitation (pH2) supressed Sphagnum growth, whereas acid precipitation (pH4) and tephra deposition allowed fast recovery. Interactions between tephra particles and acid in the solution applied as precipitation apparently played a role in reducing the detrimental effect of the acid on Sphagnum growth.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
活火山が広く分布する日本において、火山灰降下や火山性酸性雨が生態系に及ぼす影響を解明することは、基礎科学だけでなく、防災・減災の観点からも重要である。本研究では、降下火山灰や火山性酸性雨の湿原植生への影響を野外実験と室内実験において解明した。広域的に堆積する数センチ程度の火山灰による植生の変化は、数年で元に戻ることが確認できた。火山が排出するガスによって、酸性雨が発生することがあるが、ミズゴケへの悪影響は、自然界でめったに起きない強酸性の場合に限って確認された。広域に降下する火山灰の影響が一時的で、種組成や種の被度の変化による遷移が起こり得るが、元の状態が回復することが予想される。
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