Development of radiative transfer model of atmosphere-snow/sea ice system and upgrading of the sea-ice surafce albedo scheme in climate models

• Project/Area Number: 20K12142
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 63010:Environmental dynamic analysis-related
• Research Institution: Japan, Meteorological Research Institute
• Principal Investigator: Tanikawa Tomonori 気象庁気象研究所, 気象予報研究部, 主任研究官 (20509989)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 豊田 威信 北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 助教 (80312411) ; 豊田 隆寛 気象庁気象研究所, 全球大気海洋研究部, 主任研究官 (90450775)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
• Keywords: 海氷放射スキーム / 海氷アルベド / 放射伝達 / 海氷 / 積雪 / 気候モデル / 海洋モデル / 海氷放射伝達モデル / 海氷光学特性 / 現場観測 / 放射伝達モデル / 放射観測 / アルベド / 透過率 / アイスアルジ / 反射率

Outline of Research at the Start

雪氷圏は温暖化に対してもっとも脆弱な地域であり, 近年の北極海の海氷面積の減少はその代表的な例である．しかし, 多くの気候モデルでは, 近年の急激な海氷面積の減少に対して不確実性が大きく, その克服が重要な課題となっている．その要因の1つとして, 気候モデルに入力する海氷面のアルベドの再現性が不十分であることが指摘されている．本研究では, 現場観測と放射伝達理論に基づく新たな海氷アルベド物理モデルを開発し, 気候モデルの高度化・精緻化に取り組む．さらに, 気候シミュレーションにおける積雪・海氷変動に対する極域気候全体への影響を定量的に評価することを試みる．

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to improve the accuracy of sea ice prediction by climate models, we upgraded the sea ice radiation scheme (i.e. calculations of sea ice albedo) to represent the shortwave radiation entering the sea ice with high accuracy. The current sea ice radiation scheme is based on empirical parameterizations that were not fully taken into account the snow and sea ice parameters affecting the sea ice albedo. The uncertainties of the sea ice albedo employed in the climate model have been reported. We develop the radiative transfer model of atmosphere-snow-sea ice system based on the radiative transfer theory and then upgrade a new sea ice radiation scheme that incorporated the physical processes to determine the sea ice albedo.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

現在の気候モデルでは近年の北極海の急激な海氷減少傾向を十分に再現できておらず，モデルの改善が必要とされていた．本研究は海氷の放射スキームに焦点を当てて，放射伝達モデルを開発し，物理に基づく海氷放射スキームの高度化を行った．その結果，物理に基づく高度な考察が可能となり，気候変動に対する海氷物理量の関係を詳細に捉えることが可能となった．本研究成果は，季節アンサンブル予報システム等による長期予測にとっても有益であるため，今後，当モデルの適用が期待される．

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Stevens Institute of Technology(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Stevens Institute of Technology(米国)
• [Journal Article] 気象研海洋モデルにおける海氷熱力学過程の改良について (2023)
  • Author(s): 豊田隆寛，坂本圭，豊田威信，辻野博之，浦川昇吾，川上雄真，山上晃央，小松謙介，山中吾郎，谷川朋範，中野英之
  • Journal Title: 月刊海洋 Volume: 55 Pages: 197-202
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Improvements of sea ice thermodynamics with variable sea ice salinity and melt pond parameterizations in an OGCM (2023)
  • Author(s): Takahiro Toyoda, Kei Sakamoto, Takenobu Toyota, Hiroyuki Tsujino, L. Shogo Urakawa, Yuma Kawakami, Akio Yamagami, Kensuke K. Komatsu, Goro Yamanaka, Tomonori Tanikawa, Rigen Shimada, Hideyuki Nakano
  • Journal Title: Ocean Modelling Volume: na
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Sea ice variability along the Okhotsk coast of Hokkaido based on long-term JMA meteorological observatory data (2022)
  • Author(s): Toyoda Takahiro、Kitamura Yoshiteru、Okada Ryohei、Matsumura Kanichiro、Komatsu Kensuke K、Sakamoto Kei、Urakawa L Shogo、Nakano Hideyuki
  • Journal Title: Okhotsk Sea and Polar Oceans Research Volume: 6 Pages: 27-35
  • DOI: 10.57287/ospor.6.27
  • ISSN: 2436-2034
  • Year and Date: 2022-02-01
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Atmosphere-sea ice-ocean interaction study in Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan 2021 (2022)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D., P. Wongpan, T. Toyota, T. Tanikawa, Y. Kawaguchi, T. Ono, T. Ishino, M. Tozawa, T. P. Tamura, I. S. Yabe, E. Y. Son, F. Vivier, A. Lourenco, M. Lebrun, Y. Nosaka, T. Hirawake, A. OOKI, S. Aoki, B. Else, F. Fripiat, J. Inoue, and M. Vancoppenolle
  • Journal Title: Bulletin of Glaciological Research Volume: 40 Issue: 0 Pages: 1-17
  • DOI: 10.5331/bgr.21R02
  • ISSN: 1345-3807, 1884-8044
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Ground-based Measurements for the Validation of Snow/Ice Products in Optical Remote Sensing (2021)
  • Author(s): 谷川朋範, 青木輝夫, 堀雅裕, 八久保晶弘, 庭野匡思, 杉浦幸之助, 的場澄人, 島田利元
  • Journal Title: Journal of The Remote Sensing Society of Japan Volume: 41 Issue: 5 Pages: 582-594
  • DOI: 10.11440/rssj.41.582
  • NAID: 130008150375
  • ISSN: 0289-7911, 1883-1184
  • Year and Date: 2021-11-20
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Methods for measuring water content of snow containing salt (2021)
  • Author(s): 木村 宏海、八久保 晶弘、舘山 一孝、谷川 朋範、小嶋 真輔
  • Journal Title: Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice Volume: 83 Issue: 6 Pages: 579-590
  • DOI: 10.5331/seppyo.83.6_579
  • NAID: 130008160400
  • ISSN: 0373-1006, 1883-6267
  • Year and Date: 2021-11-15
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Spectral degree of linear polarization and neutral points of polarization in snow and ice surface (2021)
  • Author(s): Tanikawa, T., K. Masuda, H. Ishimoto, T. Aoki, M. Hori, M. Niwano, A. Hachikubo, S. Matoba, K. Sugiura, T. Toyota, N. Ohkawara, and K. Stamnes
  • Journal Title: J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. Volume: 273 Pages: 107845-107845
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107845
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Effects of Snow Grain Shape and Mixing State of Snow Impurity on Retrieval of Snow Physical Parameters From Ground‐Based Optical Instrument (2020)
  • Author(s): Tanikawa T., Kuchiki K., Aoki T., Ishimoto H., Hachikubo A., Niwano M., Hosaka M., Matoba S., Kodama Y., Iwata Y. and Stamnes K.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 125 Issue: 15
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031858
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Using under-ice hyperspectral transmittance to determine land-fast sea-ice algal biomass in Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan (2020)
  • Author(s): Wongpan Pat、Nomura Daiki、Toyota Takenobu、Tanikawa Tomonori、Meiners Klaus M.、Ishino Tomomi、Tamura Tetsuya P.、Tozawa Manami、Nosaka Yuichi、Hirawake Toru、Ooki Atsushi、Aoki Shigeru
  • Journal Title: Annals of Glaciology Volume: 61 Issue: 83 Pages: 1-10
  • DOI: 10.1017/aog.2020.69
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Solidification effects of snowfall on sea-ice freeze-up: results from an onsite experimental study (2020)
  • Author(s): Toyota Takenobu、Ono Takashi、Tanikawa Tomonori、Wongpan Pat、Nomura Daiki
  • Journal Title: Annals of Glaciology Volume: 61 Issue: 83 Pages: 1-10
  • DOI: 10.1017/aog.2020.49
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Reconstruction of Sea Ice Concentration in Northern Baffin Bay Using Deuterium Excess in a Coastal Ice Core From the Northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet (2020)
  • Author(s): Kurosaki Y., Matoba S., Iizuka Y., Niwano M., Tanikawa T., Ando T., Hori A., Miyamoto A., Fujita S. and Aoki T.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Volume: 125 Issue: 16
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031668
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] 積雪-裸氷放射伝達モデルの開発 (2023)
  • Author(s): 谷川朋範
  • Organizer: ISEE氷河融解を加速する光吸収性不純物に関する研究集会
• [Presentation] Monitoring of snow physical parameters by spectral radiation measurements using ground-based optical instrument in Ny-Alesund, Svalbard (2023)
  • Author(s): Tomonori Tanikawa, Nozomu Ohkawara, Teruo Aoki
  • Organizer: The Seventh International Symposium on Arctic Research (ISAR7)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 海氷の放射計算に必要な海氷面ラフネスの推定 (2022)
  • Author(s): 谷川朋範，増田一彦，石元裕史，大河原望，中山雅茂
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2022・札幌）
• [Presentation] 成長速度の異なる薄氷のマイクロ波輝度温度の測定 (2022)
  • Author(s): 中山雅茂，直木和弘，谷川朋範，長幸平
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2022・札幌）
• [Presentation] GCOM-C/SGLIを用いた雪氷域環境監視と地上検証 (2022)
  • Author(s): 堀雅裕，杉浦幸之助，青木輝夫，谷川朋範，庭野匡思，八久保晶弘，的場澄人，島田利元
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2022・札幌）
• [Presentation] 可搬型積分球積雪粒径測定装置の開発 (2022)
  • Author(s): 青木輝夫，八久保晶弘，庭野匡思，的場澄人，谷川朋範，西村基志，石元裕史，島田利元，井上凌
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2022・札幌）
• [Presentation] 積雪の光学特性と衛星リモートセンシング (2022)
  • Author(s): 谷川朋範
  • Organizer: 雪氷学会東北支部大会 特別講演会「衛星リモートセンシング」
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Spectral radiation measurements using the ground based spectral radiometer system for albedo and flux (GSAF) in Ny-Alesund (NYA) (2022)
  • Author(s): Nozomi Ohkawara, Tomonori Tanikawa
  • Organizer: 17th WCRP/BSRN Scientific and Review and Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 積雪の光学特性と衛星リモートセンシング ー地上観測・衛星観測ー (2022)
  • Author(s): 谷川朋範
  • Organizer: 第15回雪氷防災研究センター・新潟地方気象台 合同談話会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Sea ice variability along the Okhotsk coast of Hokkaido based on long-term JMA meteorological observatory data (2022)
  • Author(s): Toyoda Takahiro、Kitamura Yoshiteru、Okada Ryohei、Matsumura Kanichiro、Komatsu Kensuke K、Sakamoto Kei、Urakawa L Shogo、Nakano Hideyuki
  • Organizer: The 36th International Symposium on the Okhotsk Sea & Polar Oceans
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 放射伝達論に基づく積雪の波長別偏光特性 (2021)
  • Author(s): 谷川 朋範、増田 一彦、石元 裕史、青木 輝夫
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2021・千葉-オンライン）
• [Presentation] 海氷上における塩を含む積雪の含水率測定 (2021)
  • Author(s): 木村 宏海、八久保 晶弘、舘山 一孝、谷川 朋範、小嶋 真輔
  • Organizer: 雪氷研究大会（2021・千葉-オンライン）
• [Book] Springer Series in Light Scattering 8 (分担執筆：Spectropolarimetry of Snow and Ice Surfaces: Measurements and Radiative Transfer Calculation） (2022)
  • Author(s): Tomonori Tanikawa
  • Total Pages: 197
  • Publisher: Springer, Cham
  • ISBN: 9783031102981
• [Book] リモートセンシング事典 （分担執筆：海氷のアルベドと分類） (2022)
  • Author(s): 日本リモートセンシング学会
  • Total Pages: 758
  • Publisher: 丸善出版
  • ISBN: 9784621307762
• [Book] Springer series in light scattering 8 （分担執筆：Spectropolarimetry of snow and ice surfaces: measurements and radiative transfer calculations） (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanikawa Tomonori
  • Publisher: Springer
• [Remarks] research map
  • URL: https://researchmap.jp/tomonori.tanikawa