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Exploring material transportation in the solar nebula from the isotopic ratios of various molecules and the thermal history of minerals in comets

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K14541
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 17010:Space and planetary sciences-related
Research InstitutionKyoto Sangyo University

Principal Investigator

Shinnaka Yoshiharu  京都産業大学, 神山天文台, 専任専門員 (60774429)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords彗星 / 原始太陽系円盤 / 揮発性分子 / 酸素禁制線 / ダスト / 偏光 / 太陽系小天体 / 化学反応 / DSMC法 / 元素同位体比 / 鉱物組成比
Outline of Research at the Start

太陽系始原天体の観測に基づく原始太陽系円盤の理解は、一般の原始惑星系円盤の理解、特に円盤赤道面付近の円盤進化モデルの試金石として重要である。しかしながら、原始太陽系円盤における物質輸送・循環に関する統一的な物理描像は得られておらず、その解明が喫緊の課題である。本研究では、原始太陽系円盤の氷微惑星の生き残りである彗星をプローブとし、円盤の氷雪線外側における物質の輸送・循環に敏感な各種分子の物理量と円盤の氷雪線内側における物質輸送のプローブであるシリケイト鉱物の結晶度を観測的に求めることで、統一的な理解が得られていない原始太陽系円盤内の大局的な物質輸送・循環とその原因を明らかにする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To understand the transportation of materials in the solar nebula, we conducted research using comets as probes. The formation temperature of the comet was estimated from the abundance ratio of H2O, CO2, and CO, which are the main components of cometary icy materials. The formation distance of the comet nucleus was estimated from the mineral composition, and the properties of the dust grains were estimated from the spatial distribution of the polarization degree in the coma. As a result of applying these methods to the 21P comet, it was shown that this comet was formed in a warm place despite being at the same distance as other comets. By applying this method to other comets, we will advance statistical discussions on the transport of materials in the solar nebula. In addition, we applied the physical model developed for estimating the formation temperature to the spatial distribution of the coma of the C/2014 Q2 comet, and revealed that NH3 is being generated as a secondary product.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

彗星は46億年前に原始太陽系円盤で作られた氷微惑星の残存物であり、太陽系の化石とも呼ばれる。彗星には高温度生成物と低温度生成物が含まれており、原始太陽系円盤中での大規模な物質輸送の存在が指摘されている。
本研究において、同一彗星の揮発性分子の元素組成比や同位体比と鉱物の熱履歴等を組み合わせることで、従来より詳細に原始惑星系円盤での彗星核の形成環境を推定する手法を確立した。さらに、本研究課題で開発した彗星コマの物理モデルを用いることで、彗星コマ中の化学反応を再現できることを示した。これらの手法は他の彗星や他の分子についても適用可能で、統計的な議論を進めるための基礎情報を提供する。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (56 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (22 results) Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 7 results) Presentation (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Invited: 2 results) Remarks (6 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Johns Hopkins University/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/American University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universite de Liege(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Bern(スイス)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Paris(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Liege(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Seoul National University(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Auburn University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Edinburgh/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/Johns Hopkins University(英国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Observatoire de Paris(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory/University of Edinburgh(英国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Liege(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Colorado Boulder/Michigan University/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] European Southern Observatory(チリ)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Seoul National University(韓国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Liege(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comte(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory/University of Edinburgh(英国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Homi Bhabha National Institute(インド)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] European Southern Observatory(チリ)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Modeling of Ammonia in Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)2023

    • Author(s)
      Kawakita Hideyo、Dello Russo Neil、Vervack Ronald J.、DiSanti Michael A.、Bonev Boncho P.、Kobayashi Hitomi、Boice Daniel C.、Shinnaka Yoshiharu
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 166 Issue: 5 Pages: 207-207

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/acfee7

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Optical Imaging Polarimetry of Comet 21P/Giacobini?Zinner during Its 2018 Apparition2023

    • Author(s)
      Shinnaka Yoshiharu、Kawakita Hideyo、Kobayashi Hitomi、Furusho Reiko、Watanabe Jun-ichi
    • Journal Title

      The Planetary Science Journal

      Volume: 4 Issue: 7 Pages: 125-125

    • DOI

      10.3847/psj/acdf49

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The Return of the Rosetta Target: Keck Near-infrared Observations of Comet 67P/Churyumov?Gerasimenko in 20212023

    • Author(s)
      Bonev B. P.、Dello Russo N.、Kawakita H.、Vervack Jr. R. J.、DiSanti M. A.、Shinnaka Y.、et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 166 Issue: 6 Pages: 233-233

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/acee59

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Activity and composition of the hyperactive comet 46P/Wirtanen during its close approach in 20182023

    • Author(s)
      Moulane Y.、Jehin E.、Manfroid J.、Hutsemkers D.、Opitom C.、Shinnaka Y.、Bodewits D.、Benkhaldoun Z.、Jabiri A.、Hmiddouch S.、Vander Donckt M.、Pozuelos F. J.、Yang B.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 670 Pages: A159-A159

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202244779

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] (3200) Phaethon polarimetry in the negative branch: new evidence for the anhydrous nature of the <i>DESTINY</i>+ target asteroid2022

    • Author(s)
      Geem J.、Shinnaka, Y., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

      Volume: 516 Issue: 1 Pages: L53-L57

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnrasl/slac072

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mid-infrared observations of the nucleus of Comet P/2016 BA14 (PANSTARRS)2021

    • Author(s)
      Ootsubo Takafumi、Kawakita Hideyo、Shinnaka Yoshiharu
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 363 Pages: 114425-114425

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114425

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report 2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The similarity of the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov to Solar System comets from high-resolution optical spectroscopy2021

    • Author(s)
      Opitom C.、Jehin E.、Hutsem?kers D.、Shinnaka Y.、Manfroid J.、Rousselot P.、Raghuram S.、Kawakita H.、Fitzsimmons A.、Meech K.、Micheli M.、Snodgrass C.、Yang B.、Hainaut O.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics

      Volume: 650 Pages: L19-L19

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202141245

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Detection of 7Be II in the Classical Nova V5669 Sgr (Nova Sagittarii 2015 No.3)2021

    • Author(s)
      Arai Akira、Tajitsu Akito、Kawakita Hideyo、Shinnaka Yoshiharu
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 916 Issue: 1 Pages: 44-44

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac00bf

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Possibility of concentration of nonvolatile species near the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko2021

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki T.、Shinnaka Y.、Majumdar L.、Shibata T.、Shibaike Y.、Nomura H.、Minamoto H.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 645 Pages: A134-A134

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202038491

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] High-resolution Optical Spectroscopic Observations of Comet 21P/Giacobini?Zinner in Its 2018 Apparition2020

    • Author(s)
      Shinnaka Yoshiharu, Kawakita Hideyo, Tajitsu Akito
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 159 Issue: 5 Pages: 203-203

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/ab7d34

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy of comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner during its 2018 apparition2020

    • Author(s)
      Moulane Y., Jehin E., Rousselot P., Manfroid J., Shinnaka Y., Pozuelos F. J., Hutsem?kers D., Opitom C., Yang B., Benkhaldoun Z.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 640 Pages: A54-A54

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202037997

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Comet observations: science background and open questions2024

    • Author(s)
      Yoshiharu Shinnaka
    • Organizer
      Planet seminar at NAOJ
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 将来の日本の彗星探査計画2023

    • Author(s)
      新中善晴
    • Organizer
      第51回彗星会議 in 倉敷
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Forbidden atomic oxygen lines far from the Sun for dynamically new comet C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)2023

    • Author(s)
      Y. Shinnaka, H. Kawakita, H. Kobayashi
    • Organizer
      DPS-EPSC 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Understanding Phosphorus Chemistry in Cometary Comae2023

    • Author(s)
      Boice, A. A. de Almeida, H. Kawakita, H. Kobayashi, Y. Shinnaka
    • Organizer
      DPS-EPSC 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Parent Volatiles in Jupiter-Family Comets: Insights and Open Questions from Recent Ground-Based Infrared Studies2023

    • Author(s)
      B. P. Bonev, N. Dello Russo, E. L. Gibb, M. A. DiSanti, Y. Khan, N. X. Roth, S. Faggi, A. J. McKay, C. Finley, M. Saki, R. J. Vervack, H. Kawakita, Y. Shinnaka, H. Kobayashi, G. L. Villanueva, T. Ootsubo, C. T. Ejeta
    • Organizer
      Asteroids, Comets, Meteors Conference 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Comet Interceptor搭載水素イメージャによる彗星コマ中の水素の温度およびD/H比の測定可能性2023

    • Author(s)
      鈴木 雄大、吉岡 和夫、村上 豪、桑原 正輝、亀田 真吾、田口 真、吉川 一朗、河北 秀世、新中 善晴
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2023年大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ジャコビニ・ツィナー彗星の偏光撮像観測2022

    • Author(s)
      新中善晴
    • Organizer
      第50回彗星会議
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Time-sensitive Keck/NIRSPEC observations of the Rosetta target 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during its favorable 2021 apparition2022

    • Author(s)
      Bonev, B.、Shinnaka, Y., et al.
    • Organizer
      AAS Division of Planetary Science meeting #54
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 現存する太陽系小天体2022

    • Author(s)
      新中善晴
    • Organizer
      始原天体ワークショップ2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Comet observation: science background and open questions2021

    • Author(s)
      新中善晴
    • Organizer
      ISAS惑星探査ワークショップ2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Wavelength depencence of polarization of comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner2021

    • Author(s)
      Yoshiharu Shinnaka
    • Organizer
      54th Annual Meeting of Division for Planetary Science (DPS 2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Imaging polarimetry of comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner in the 2018 apparition2021

    • Author(s)
      Yoshiharu Shinnaka
    • Organizer
      IAUS 360: Astronomical Polarimetry -- New Era of Multi-Wavelength Polarimetry
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Relevant Coma Composition Investigations for the Comet Interceptor Mission2021

    • Author(s)
      Boice, D. C.; Kobayashi, H.; Kawakita, H.; Shinnaka, Y.
    • Organizer
      American Astronomical Society meeting #237
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ESA-JAXA共同Comet Interceptorミッションの計画概要と科学戦略2021

    • Author(s)
      船瀬龍, 笠原慧, 中島晋太郎, 尾崎直哉, 宇佐美尚人, 吉岡和夫, 坂谷尚哉, 亀田真吾, 松岡彩子, 村田直史, 横田勝一郎, 浅村和史, 齋藤義文, 村上豪, 桑原正輝, 河北秀世, 新中善晴、他
    • Organizer
      第21回 宇宙科学シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 21P/Giacobini-Zinner 彗星の形成環境2020

    • Author(s)
      Yoshiharu Shinnaka
    • Organizer
      2020年日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Mid-infrared observations of P/2016 BA14 (PANSTARRS) during its close approach to Earth: Thermal emission spectrum of the cometary nucleus2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawakita, H.; Ootsubo, T.; Shinnaka, Y.
    • Organizer
      AAS Division of Planetary Science meeting #52
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Comet Interceptor ミッション:WGからISAS所内検討チームに移行2020

    • Author(s)
      笠原慧, 吉岡和夫, 坂谷尚哉, 亀田真吾, 松岡彩子, 村田直史, 船瀬龍, 中島晋太郎, 尾崎直哉, 宇佐美尚人, 河北秀世, 新中善晴, 杉田精司
    • Organizer
      2020年日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 彗星コマ中のアンモニア分子はどこから来たか?

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20231121_859_comet.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] ジャコビニ・ツィナー彗星でダストは崩壊していなかった

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20230717_859_comet.html

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] ベールに隠された彗星核の観測に成功

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20210406_859_comet.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 史上初めて彗星活動を示した恒星間天体ボリソフ彗星の起源は太陽系と似ていた

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20210702_859_comet.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 神山天文台の研究員らがすばる望遠鏡を用いて明らかにした新星爆発によるリチウム生成量の多様性

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20210707_859_nova.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] オーロラの光で探るジャコビニ・ツィナー彗星誕生の現場

    • URL

      https://www.kyoto-su.ac.jp/news/20210406_859_comet.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2020-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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