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Developing a novel force sensor to examine the mechanisms of spindle assembly errors in mammalian oocytes

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K21404
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 43:Biology at molecular to cellular levels, and related fields
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Genetics

Principal Investigator

Shimamoto Yuta  国立遺伝学研究所, 遺伝メカニズム研究系, 准教授 (80409656)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 岩城 光宏  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 生命機能科学研究センター, 客員研究員 (30432503)
Project Period (FY) 2020-07-30 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Keywords紡錘体 / 微小管 / DNAオリガミ / 卵母細胞 / 力学計測 / 減数分裂 / 染色体分配エラー / ナノメカニクス / 染色体分配 / フォースセンサー
Outline of Research at the Start

哺乳類の卵母細胞は染色体の分配エラーに対して脆弱であり、ヒトでは不妊症やダウン症の原因となる。本研究は、分配エラーの主経路と考えられている、1)紡錘体の形成異常、2)姉妹染色分体間の接着異常、の2つのうち、特に解析が遅れている紡錘体形成異常に着目し、DNAオリガミを利用した分子サイズの力センサーを使って既存の方法では検出できない紡錘体の構造欠陥や力の不均衡を高精度で検出する。直接的な“力”の情報抽出によって紡錘体の力学的安定性とその破綻のしくみを解き明かす独自の顕微計測技術を開発し、これまでの “形”を指標とした解析のみでは成し得ない新たな治療戦略の創出を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research project aimed at developing a novel biophysical tool that enables us to visualize local structural defects and mechanical imbalance within the meiotic spindle, which is assembled in mammalian oocytes for error-free partitioning of chromosomes during cell division. To achieve this, DNA origami-based technology was utilized to create a series of nanometer-sized mechanical springs, which were each flanked by microtubule-binding domains for targeting the spindle. By fluorescent-labeling and polymer-coating, we achieved a specific targeting of the nanospring to microtubules and a stable tracking of its movement within a meiotic cytoplasm.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、未受精卵の内部に形成される染色体分配装置の構造欠陥を可視化することのできるナノサイズの人工素子の開発を行なった。染色体分配装置の形成異常は親細胞から娘細胞への不正確な遺伝情報の継承を招き、胚発生の異常や不妊の主要な原因と考えられている。本開発技術のさらなる精錬により分配装置の形成異常が起こる生物物理学的メカニズムの解明が可能となり、また紡錘体形成異常の早期発見等による新たな治療戦略の創出が期待される。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2022 2020

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Morphological growth dynamics, mechanical stability, and active microtubule mechanics underlying spindle self-organization2022

    • Author(s)
      Fukuyama Tatsuya、Yan Lucan、Tanaka Masahito、Yamaoka Megumi、Saito Kei、Ti Shih-Chieh、Liao Chung-Chi、Hsia Kuo-Chiang、Maeda Yusuke T.、Shimamoto Yuta
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

      Volume: 119 Issue: 44

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.2209053119

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Geometric trade-off between contractile force and viscous drag determines the actomyosin-based motility of a cell-sized droplet2022

    • Author(s)
      Sakamoto Ryota、Izri Ziane、Shimamoto Yuta、Miyazaki Makito、Maeda Yusuke T.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA

      Volume: 119 Issue: 30

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.2121147119

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Examining the assembly pathways and active microtubule mechanics underlying spindle selforganization2020

    • Author(s)
      Lucan Yan, Tatsuya Fukuyama, Megumi Yamaoka, Yusuke T. Maeda, Yuta Shimamoto
    • Journal Title

      arXiv

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Presentation] Morphological growth dynamics, active microtubule mechanics, and mechanical plasticity of the vertebrate meiotic spindle2022

    • Author(s)
      Yuta Shimamoto
    • Organizer
      ASCB/EMBO 2022 Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 紡錘体の力学的可塑性と多極構造化2022

    • Author(s)
      島本勇太
    • Organizer
      日本分子生物学会第45回年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Morphological growth dynamics and active microtubule mechanics underlying spindle self-organization2022

    • Author(s)
      Yuta Shimamoto
    • Organizer
      日本生物物理学会第60回年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 紡錘体の可塑性と多極構造化2022

    • Author(s)
      島本勇太
    • Organizer
      細胞分裂研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Building and dissecting the microtubule architecture of the vertebrate metaphase spindle2022

    • Author(s)
      Yuta Shimamoto
    • Organizer
      The 9th World Congress of Biomechanics
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

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Published: 2020-08-03   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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