Analysis of brain word networks in schizophrenia using graph theory and natural language processing techniques

• Project/Area Number: 20K21567
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 52:General internal medicine and related fields
• Research Institution: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• Principal Investigator: Takahashi Hidehiko 東京医科歯科大学, 大学院医歯学総合研究科, 教授 (60415429)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-07-30 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
• Keywords: 統合失調症 / 自然言語処理技術 / グラフ理論 / 脳画像 / 自然言語処理

Outline of Research at the Start

統合失調症患者の脳内における単語の表象ネットワークの乱れを脳内における単語の表象ネットワークにグラフ理論による解析を適応し、定量的に解析することを目的とする。対象は統合失調症患者で、臨床・心理データに加え、脳MRIを取得する。被験者に自然動画刺激を提示し、全脳活動をfMRIによって記録する。動画に含まる単語のラベル時系列と脳活動から、重み係数を求める。この過程で、単語をベクトルに変換する自然言語処理技術Word2Vecを用いる。脳内単語ベクトルの任意の2語の組み合わせの類似度を表した行列を得るこの行列から、隣接行列を作成し、グラフ理論による脳内の単語表象のネットワーク解析を行う。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We applied the natural language processing algorithm Word2vec and encoding modeling to the video information and brain activity data, and quantified various semantic representations in the brain as brain activity patterns. We evaluated the structural characteristics of the semantic network in the brain, which was constructed based on the similarity between semantic representations. The semantic networks in the brains of healthy subjects showed high small-worldness as in natural language, suggesting that small-worldness is a universal property of networks related to semantic knowledge. On the other hand, small-worldness was decreased in the brain semantic network of schizophrenia patients and was negatively correlated with the severity of delusions.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

研究により統合失調症の連合弛緩は、脳内において意味ネットワークのランダム化として表れていることが明らかになった。また、本研究の手法は精神疾患患者の主観的体験を患者の発話に依ることなく脳活動から直接評価できる点で、診断、治療の新たな可能性をひらくものと期待される。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University College London(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Oxford大学(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Johns Hopkins University/UCLA(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University Medical Center Utrecht(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Hong Kong(中国)
• [Journal Article] Disorganization of semantic brain networks in schizophrenia revealed by fMRI. (2023)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto Y, Nishida S, Hayashi R, Son S, Murakami A, Yoshikawa N, Ito H, Oishi N, Masuda N, Murai T, Friston K, Nishimoto S, *Takahashi H.
  • Journal Title: Schizophrenia Bulletin. Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Pages: 498-506
  • DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac157
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A multi-site, multi-disorder resting-state magnetic resonance image database. (2021)
  • Author(s): Tanaka SC, Yamashita A, Yahata N, Itahashi T
  • Journal Title: Sci Data Volume: 8 Issue: 1 Pages: 227-227
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-01004-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Natural and Artificial Intelligence: A brief introduction to the interplay between AI and neuroscience research (2021)
  • Author(s): Macpherson Tom、Churchland Anne、Sejnowski Terry、DiCarlo James、Kamitani Yukiyasu、Takahashi Hidehiko、Hikida Takatoshi
  • Journal Title: Neural Networks Volume: 144 Pages: 603-613
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2021.09.018
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Three-Dimensional Convolutional Autoencoder Extracts Features of Structural Brain Images With a “Diagnostic Label-Free” Approach: Application to Schizophrenia Datasets (2021)
  • Author(s): Yamaguchi Hiroyuki、Hashimoto Yuki、Sugihara Genichi、Miyata Jun、Murai Toshiya、Takahashi Hidehiko、Honda Manabu、Hishimoto Akitoyo、Yamashita Yuichi
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Neuroscience Volume: 15 Pages: 652987-652987
  • DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.652987
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Common Brain Networks Between Major Depressive-Disorder Diagnosis and Symptoms of Depression That Are Validated for Independent Cohorts (2021)
  • Author(s): Yamashita Ayumu、et al、Harada Kenichiro、Matsuo Koji、Tanaka Saori C.、Kawato Mitsuo、Kasai Kiyoto、Kato Nobumasa、Takahashi Hidehiko、Okamoto Yasumasa、Yamashita Okito、Imamizu Hiroshi
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Psychiatry Volume: 12
  • DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.667881
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Cognition and interpersonal coordination of patients with schizophrenia who have sports habits (2020)
  • Author(s): Fujii Keisuke、Yoshihara Yujiro、Matsumoto Yukiko、Tose Keima、Takeuchi Hideaki、Isobe Masanori、Mizuta Hiroto、Maniwa Daisuke、Okamura Takehiko、Murai Toshiya、Kawahara Yoshinobu、Takahashi Hidehiko
  • Journal Title: PLOS ONE Volume: 15 Issue: 11 Pages: e0241863-e0241863
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241863
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Atypical spatial frequency dependence of visual metacognition among schizophrenia patients (2020)
  • Author(s): Koizumi Ai、Hori Tomoki、Maniscalco Brian、Hayase Makoto、Mishima Ryou、Kawashima Takahiko、Miyata Jun、Aso Toshihiko、Lau Hakwan、Takahashi Hidehiko、Amano Kaoru
  • Journal Title: NeuroImage: Clinical Volume: 27 Pages: 102296-102296
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102296
  • NAID: 120006949375
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Overlapping but Asymmetrical Relationships Between Schizophrenia and Autism Revealed by Brain Connectivity. (2020)
  • Author(s): Yujiro Yoshihara, Giuseppe Lisi, Noriaki Yahata, Junya Fujino, Yukiko Matsumoto, Jun Miyata, Gen-Ichi Sugihara, Shin-Ichi Urayama, Manabu Kubota et al.
  • Journal Title: Schizophrenia Bulletin Volume: 4 Issue: 5 Pages: 1210-1218
  • DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa021
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 脳画像と人工知能技術を統合失調症研究に活かす (2022)
  • Author(s): 高橋英彦
  • Organizer: 第48回神経内分泌学会学術集会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 統合失調症の中核症状を可視化する (2022)
  • Author(s): 高橋英彦
  • Organizer: 第12回社会神経科学研究会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 脳画像から統合失調症の早期死亡を考える (2021)
  • Author(s): 髙橋 英彦
  • Organizer: 第43回 日本生物学的精神医学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] AI技術を用いたニューロフィードバックの精神疾患への応用 (2021)
  • Author(s): 髙橋 英彦
  • Organizer: 第６回 CEPD研究会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Interface between AI and schizophrenia research (2020)
  • Author(s): Hidehiko Takahashi
  • Organizer: 日本神経科学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Interface between AI and schizophrenia research (2020)
  • Author(s): Hidehiko Takahashi
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Brain Science
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited