| Project/Area Number |
21300134
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Nerve anatomy/Neuropathology
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| Research Institution | Niigata University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KITAURA Hiroki 新潟大学, 脳研究所, 助教 (80401769)
FUKUDA Masafumi 新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 講師 (00361907)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2009 – 2011
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2011)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥19,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,470,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥12,870,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,970,000)
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| Keywords | 脳発達障害 / てんかん / 外科病理標本 / 生鮮脳スライス / 神経回路 / 興奮伝播特性 / フラビン蛍光イメージング / シナプス / 神経病理 / 限局性皮質形成異常 / 結節性硬化症 |
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| Research Abstract |
Seizure activities often originate from a localized region of the cerebral cortex and spread across large areas of the brain. The properties of these spreading abnormal discharges may account for clinical phenotypes in epilepsy patients, although the manner of their propagation and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study we performed flavoprotein fluorescence imaging of cortical brain slices surgically resected from patients with partial epilepsy caused by various symptomatic lesions. Elicited neural activities in the epileptogenic tissue spread horizontally over the cortex momentarily, but those in control tissue taken from patients with brain tumors who had no history of epilepsy demonstrated only localized responses. Characteristically, the epileptiform propagation comprised early and late phases. When the stimulus intensity was changed gradually, the early phase showed an all-or-none behavior, whereas the late phase showed a gradual increase in the response. Moreover, the two phases were propagated through different cortical layers, suggesting that they are derived from distinct neural circuits. Morphological investigation revealed the presence of hypertrophic neurons and loss of dendritic spines, which imaging. These findings indicate that synchronized activities of the early phase may play a key role in spreading abnormal discharges in human cortical epilepsies.
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