| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥130,000 (Direct Cost: ¥100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥30,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This study takes up negative transfer from Chinese which native Chinese-speaking learners of Japanese systematically show : on reading of Sino-Japanese words that include nissho-on, originally a syllable ending in one of the three stop consonants, /p^￢, t^￢, k^￢/, in Middle Chinese and lost in Modern Mandarin dialects. In tandem with studies on southeastern Chinese dialects that preserve nissho-on, and learners' use of strategies in learning it, a class material has been developed. L1-Wu Chinese speakers identify a glottal stop-terminating nissho-on (e.g.拍/p^ha/versus派/p^ha/), and L1-Cantonese speakers discriminate between contrastive stop-ending syllables (e.g.八/pa : t^￢/from百/pa : k^￢//). On the other hand, in the Min Chinese spoken in Taiwan three stop-final syllables, /p^￢, t^￢, k^￢/, tend not to be discriminated from each other (e.g.執/tsip^￢/not from職/tsit^￢/) whereas a syllable-final glottal stop is considerably weakened so that it is recognized as distinctive from other stop-final syllables (e.g.踏/ta/from達/tat^￢/). Although the nissho-on problem becomes less prominent as learners acquire proficiency in Japanese, it is still hard for them to identify the correct reading of unfamiliar words. The class material includes a table comparing Japanese on readings with those of Chinese dialects, and is also intended to encourage learners to find out regularities in phonetic changes in Japanese (e.g. as in jikken実験and jitsugen実現).
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