| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
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| Research Abstract |
It was mainly the big steamers belonging to the Netherlands, Netherlands India and the Great Britain that carried the trade of Indonesia in the first half of the 1910s, but the serious shortage of bottoms occurred by the outbreak of the First World War and peaked in 1917 and 1918. This much reduced the trade of Indonesia with European countries, which was however made up by the increasing trade with Asian countries and the United States of America. Simultaneously Japanese ships began to come there much more frequently. There were much regional differences in the arriving and leaving of steamers, namely, the large ports experienced serious shortage of bottoms but the ports near the Malay Peninsular not.
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