Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress regulation by nucleic acid nitration

• Project/Area Number: 21590312
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: General medical chemistry
• Research Institution: Kumamoto University
• Principal Investigator: SAWA Tomohiro 熊本大学, 大学院・生命科学研究部, 准教授 (30284756)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): FUJII Shigemoto 熊本大学, 大学院・生命科学研究部, 助教 (00325333)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): ARIMOTO Hirokazu 東北大学, 大学院・生命科学研究科, 教授 (60262789)
• Project Period (FY): 2009 – 2011
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2011)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000); Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: 活性酸素 / シグナル伝達 / 核酸ニトロ化 / 酸化ストレス / シグナル伝逹

Research Abstract

Inflammatory stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and cytokines remarkably augmented reactive oxygen species(ROS) production from mitochondria via activation of NADPH oxidase. Mitochondria-derived ROS together with nitric oxide(NO) induced nitration of guanine nucleotides in cells. These data suggest that guanine nitration might function as a unique sensing mechanism representing cellular status of redox homeostasis.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Hydrogen sulfide anion regulates redox signaling via electrophile sulfhydration (2012)
  • Author(s): Nishida M, Sawa T, Kitajima N, Ono K, Inoue H, Ihara H, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M, Suematsu M, Kurose H, van der Vliet A, Freeman BA, Shibata T, Uchida K, Kumagai Y, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Nature Chem Biol Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] S-Guanylation of human serum albumin is a unique posttranslational modification and results in a novel class of antibacterial agents (2012)
  • Author(s): Ishima Y, Hoshino H, Shinagawa T, Watanabe K, Akaike T, Sawa T, Kragh-Hansen U, Kai T, Watanabe H, Maruyama T, and Otagiri M.
  • Journal Title: J Pharm Sci Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Potential association of Helicobacter cinaedi with atrial arrhythmia and atherosclerosis (2012)
  • Author(s): Khan S, Okamoto T, Enomoto K, Sakashita N, Oyama K, Fujii S, Sawa T, Takeya M, Ogawa H, Yamabe H, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Microbiol Immunol Volume: 56 Pages: 145-154
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regulation by mitochondrial superoxide and NADPH oxidase of cell formation of nitrated cyclic GMP : potential implications for ROS signaling (2012)
  • Author(s): Ahmed KA, Sawa T, Ihara H, Kasamatsu S, Yoshitake J, Okamoto T, Fujii S, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Biochem J Volume: 441 Pages: 719-730
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regulation by mitochondrial superoxide and NADPH oxidase of cellular formation of nitrated cyclic GMP : potential implications for ROS signalling (2012)
  • Author(s): Ahmed KA., et al
  • Journal Title: Biochem J Volume: 441 Issue: 2 Pages: 719-730
  • DOI: 10.1042/bj20111130
  • NAID: 120004875062
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Methodological proof of immunochemistry for specific identification of 8-nitroguanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate formed in glia cells (2011)
  • Author(s): Ihara H, Ahmed KA, Ida T, Kasamatsu S, Kunieda K, Okamoto T, Sawa T, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide Volume: 25 Pages: 169-175
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Nucleotides function as endogenous chemical sensors for oxidative stress signaling (2011)
  • Author(s): Ihara H, Sawa T, Nakabeppu Y, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: J Clin Biochem Nutr Volume: 48 Pages: 1-7
  • NAID: 130004879228
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Midbrain dopaminergic neurons utilize nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling to recruit ERK that links retinoic acid receptor stimulation to up-regulation of BDNF (2011)
  • Author(s): Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Isohama Y, Sawa T, Akaike T, Shudo K, and Katsuki H.
  • Journal Title: J Neurochem Volume: 116 Pages: 323-333
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Vascular responses to 8-nitro-cyclic GMP in nondiabetic and diabetic mice (2011)
  • Author(s): Tokutomi Y, Kataoka K, Yamamoto E, Nakamura T, Hisato F, Nako H, Toyama K, Dong YF, Ahmed KA, Sawa T, Akaike T, and Kim-Mitsuyama S.
  • Journal Title: Br J Pharmacol Volume: 162 Pages: 1884-1893
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Protein cysteine S-guanylation and electrophilic signal transduction by endogenous nitro-nucleotides (2011)
  • Author(s): Ahmed KA, Sawa T, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Amino Acids Volume: 41 Pages: 123-130
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Antioxidant effect of a nitrated cyclic nucleotide functioning as an endogenous electrophile (2011)
  • Author(s): Sawa T, Ihara H, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Curr Top Med Chem Volume: 11 Pages: 1854-1860
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Detoxification of methylmercury by hydrogen sulfide-producing enzyme in mammalian cells (2011)
  • Author(s): Yoshida E, Toyama T, Shinkai Y, Sawa T, Akaike T, Kumagai Y.
  • Journal Title: Chem. Res. Toxicol Volume: 24 Pages: 1633-1635
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 活性酸素・一酸化窒素によるニトロ化シグナルと抗炎症作用 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 小野勝彦, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 感染・炎症・免疫 Volume: 41 Pages: 12-19
• [Journal Article] Frontiers in nitric oxide and redox signaling (2011)
  • Author(s): Akaike T., et al
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide Volume: 25 Issue: 2 Pages: 57-58
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2011.04.015
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Vascular responses to 8-nitro-cyclic GMP in non-diabetic and diabetic mice (2011)
  • Author(s): Tokutomi Y., et al
  • Journal Title: Br J Pharmabol Volume: 162 Issue: 8 Pages: 1884-1893
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01201.x
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Antioxidant Effect of a Nitrated Cyclic Nucleotide Functioning as an Endogenous Electrophile (2011)
  • Author(s): Sawa T., et al
  • Journal Title: Curr Top Med Chem Volume: 11 Pages: 1854-1860
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Detoxification of methylmercury by hydrogen sulfide-producing enzyme in Mammalian cells (2011)
  • Author(s): Yoshida E, Toyama T (equalcontributor), Shinkai Y, Sawa T, Akaike T, Kumagai Y
  • Journal Title: Chemical Research in Toxicology Volume: 24 Issue: 10 Pages: 1633-1635
  • DOI: 10.1021/tx200394g
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Methodological proof of immunochemistry for specific identification of 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate formed in glia cells (2011)
  • Author(s): Ihara H., et al
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Vascular responses to 8-nitro-cyclic GMP in nondiabetic and diabetic mice (2011)
  • Author(s): Tokutomi Y., et al
  • Journal Title: Br J Pharmacol Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The critical role of nitric oxide signaling, via proteinS-guanylation and nitrated cyclic GMP, in the antioxidant adaptive response (2010)
  • Author(s): Fujii S, Sawa T, Ihara H, Tong KI, Ida T, Okamoto T, Ahmed KA, Ishima Y, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: J Biol Chem Volume: 285 Pages: 23970-23984
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A new paradigm for antimicrobial host defense mediated by a nitrated cyclic nucleotide (2010)
  • Author(s): Okamoto T, Khan S, Oyama K, Fujii S, Sawa T, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: J Clin Biochem Nutr Volume: 46 Pages: 14-19
  • NAID: 130004466590
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regulation of redox signaling involving chemical conjugation of protein thiols by nitric oxide and electrophiles (2010)
  • Author(s): Sawa T, Arimoto H, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: Bioconjugate Chem Volume: 21 Pages: 1121-1129
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cell signaling mediated by nitrated cyclic guanine nucleotide (2010)
  • Author(s): Akaike T, Fujii S, Sawa T, and Ihara H.
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide Volume: 23 Pages: 166-174
  • NAID: 120002772115
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] One-step preparation of S-nitrosated human serum albumin with high biological activities (2010)
  • Author(s): Ishima Y, Hiroyama S, Kragh-Hansen U, Maruyama T, Sawa T, Akaike T, Kai T and Otagiri M.
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide Volume: 23 Pages: 121-127
  • NAID: 120002971552
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 8-Nitro-cGMPの発見と生理機能の解明 (2010)
  • Author(s): 藤井重元, 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 化学と生物 Volume: 48 Pages: 22-27
  • NAID: 10026437376
• [Journal Article] 毒性説から脱した活性酸素研究.シグナル分子としての活躍. (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 現代化学 Volume: 469 Pages: 34-38
  • NAID: 40016994933
• [Journal Article] Nitric oxide(NO)およびNO関連物質 (2010)
  • Author(s): 岡本竜哉, 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 日本臨床増刊号「広範囲血液・尿化学検査,免疫学的検査-4」 Volume: 982 Pages: 839-842
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The critical role of nitric oxide signaling, via protein S-guanylation and nitrated cyclic GMP, in the antioxidant adaptive response (2010)
  • Author(s): Fujii S., et al
  • Journal Title: J Biol Chem Volume: 285 Pages: 23970-23984
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Protein cysteine S-guanylation and electrophilic signal transduction by endogenous nitro-nucleotides (2010)
  • Author(s): Ahmed K.A., et al
  • Journal Title: Amino Acids Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Antioxidant effect of a nitrated cyclic nucleotide functioning as an endogenous electrophile (2010)
  • Author(s): Sawa T., et al
  • Journal Title: Current Topics Med Chem Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 毒性説から脱した活性酸素研究-シグナル分子としての活躍- (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Journal Title: 現代化学 Volume: 469 Pages: 34-38
  • NAID: 40016994933
• [Journal Article] A new paradigm for antimicrobial host defense mediated by a nitrated cyclic nucleotide (2010)
  • Author(s): 岡本竜哉, et al
  • Journal Title: J Clin Biochem Nutr 46 Pages: 14-19
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cellular signaling mediated by nitrated cyclic nucleotides (2010)
  • Author(s): 赤池孝章, et al
  • Journal Title: Nitric Oxide (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regulation of redox signaling involving chemical conjugation of protein thiols by nitric oxide and electrophiles (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, et al
  • Journal Title: Bioconjug Chem (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Protein cysteine S-guanylation and electrophilic signal transduction by endogenous nitronucleotides (2010)
  • Author(s): Ahmed KA., et al
  • Journal Title: Amino Acids (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 毒性説から脱した活性酸素研究-シグナル分子としての活躍- (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Journal Title: 現代化学 469 Pages: 34-38
  • NAID: 40016994933
• [Journal Article] 8-Nitro-cGMPの発見と生理機能の解明- (2010)
  • Author(s): 藤井重元, 他
  • Journal Title: 化学と生物 48 Pages: 22-27
  • NAID: 10026437376
• [Journal Article] Cytoprotective function of heme oxygenase-1 induced by a nitrated cyclic nucleotide formed during murine salmonellosis (2009)
  • Author(s): Zaki MH, Fujii S, Okamoto T, Islam S, Khan S, Ahmed KA, Sawa T, and Akaike T.
  • Journal Title: J Immnol Volume: 182 Pages: 3746-3756
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] NOによる細胞内感染防御の新しい展開-New paradigm of host defense against intracellular pathogens by nitric oxide (2009)
  • Author(s): 赤池孝章, 岡本竜哉, Zaki MH, 藤井重元, 澤智裕
  • Journal Title: Nihon Hansenbyo Gakkai Zasshi Volume: 78 Pages: 41-47
• [Journal Article] 活性酸素・NOによる感染防御シグナルの新展開-Antimicrobial signaling mediated by reactive oxygen species and NO (2009)
  • Author(s): 岡本竜哉, 澤智裕, 藤井重元, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 細胞 Volume: 41 Pages: 51-55
• [Journal Article] チオール基の修飾による活性酸素のセンサー機能制御 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 有本博一, 赤池孝章
  • Journal Title: 病態解明に迫る活性酸素シグナルと酸化ストレス(谷口直之監修、赤池孝章、鈴木敬一郎、内田浩二編集) Pages: 2341-2347
• [Journal Article] Cytoprotective function of heme oxygenase-1 induced by a nitrated cyclic nucleotide formed during murine salmonellosis (2009)
  • Author(s): Zaki MH., et al
  • Journal Title: J Immnol 182 Pages: 3746-3756
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] チオール基の修飾による活性酸素のセンサー機能制御 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Journal Title: 実験医学増刊:病態解明に迫る活性酸素シグナルと酸化ストレス 27 Pages: 2341-2347
• [Journal Article] NOによる細胞内感染防御の新しい展開-New paradigm of host defense against intracellular pathogens by nitric oxide (2009)
  • Author(s): 赤池孝章, 他
  • Journal Title: 日本ハンセン病学会雑誌 78 Pages: 41-47
• [Journal Article] 活性酸素・NOによる感染防御シグナルの新展開-Antimicrobial signaling mediated by reactive oxygen species and NO (2009)
  • Author(s): 岡本竜哉, 他
  • Journal Title: 細胞 41 Pages: 51-55
• [Presentation] 酸化ストレス応答のケミカルバイオロジー (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕
  • Organizer: 千里ライフサイエンスセミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 大阪府豊中市(千里ライフサイエンスセンタービル)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-11-14
• [Presentation] 親電子性ヌクレオチドによる翻訳後システイン修飾を介したH-Rasがんシグナルのレドックス活性化 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Organizer: 第70回日本癌学会学術総会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛知県名古屋市名古屋国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2011-10-03
• [Presentation] 酸化ストレス応答のケミカレバイオロジー (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第84回日本生化学会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都市左京区国立京都国際会館
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-23
• [Presentation] NOによる細胞機能制御について (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第83回日本遺伝学会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都市左京区京都大学農学部総合館
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-20
• [Presentation] 活性酸素のシグナル伝達機能と硫化水素による制御 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第32回日本炎症・再生医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都市左京区国立京都国際会館
  • Year and Date: 2011-06-03
• [Presentation] ニトロ化環状ヌクレオチドとガス状メディエーターの交叉シグナリング (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第11回日本NO学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京都町田市昭和薬科大学
  • Year and Date: 2011-05-13
• [Presentation] Redox activation of H-Ras oncogenic signal by electrophilic nucleotide via posttranslational cysteine modification (2011)
  • Author(s): Tomohiro Sawa.
  • Organizer: The 23^<rd> Annual Meeting of the Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Place of Presentation: Seoul, Korea
• [Presentation] Redox activation of H-Ras oncogenic signal by electrophilic nucleotide via posttranslational cysteine modification (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕
  • Organizer: 第70回日本癌学会学術総会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋、名古屋国際会議場
• [Presentation] 酸化ストレス応答のケミカルバイオロジー (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第84回日本生化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都、国立京都国際会館
• [Presentation] 活性酸素のシグナル伝達機能と硫化水素による制御 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第32回日本炎症・再生医学会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都、国立京都国際会館
• [Presentation] ニトロ化環状ヌクレオチドとガス状メディエーターの交叉シグナリング (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕
  • Organizer: 第11回日本NO学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京町田、昭和薬科大学
• [Presentation] 核酸分子の化学修飾による活性酸素シグナルのケミカルセンシング (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第83回日本生化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: ポートアイランド(神戸市)
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-07
• [Presentation] NOによる抗酸化応答の新展開 (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第27回臨床フリーラジカル会議
  • Place of Presentation: 京都・烟河(京都市)
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-04
• [Presentation] NOによる抗酸化応答の新展開 (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第27回臨床フリーラジカル会議
  • Place of Presentation: 京都市、里山の休日京都・烟河
• [Presentation] 核酸分子の化学修飾による活性酸素シグナルのケミカルセンシング (2010)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第83回日本生化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸、神戸ポートアイランド
• [Presentation] ニトロ化環状ヌクレオチドによる蛋白質S-グアニル化を介したcGMP依存性プロテインキナーゼの活性化機構 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Organizer: 第82回日本生化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸ポートアイランド(神戸市)
  • Year and Date: 2009-10-21
• [Presentation] S-グアニル化を介した protein kinase Gの新規な活性化機構 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Organizer: 第62回日本酸化ストレス学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 九州大学(福岡市)
  • Year and Date: 2009-06-11
• [Presentation] S-Guanylation proteomics : unique post-translational modification of thiols dependent on nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 他
  • Organizer: 第9回日本NO学会総会
  • Place of Presentation: グランシップ(静岡市)
  • Year and Date: 2009-05-08
• [Presentation] ニトロ化環状ヌクレオチドによる蛋白質S-グアニル化を介したcGMP依存性プロテインキナーゼの活性化機構 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, Ahmed Khandaker Ahtesham, Joseph R. Burgoyne, 岡本竜哉, 藤井重元, Philip Eaton, 赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第82回日本生化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸、神戸ポートアイランド
• [Presentation] S-グアニル化を介したprotein kinase Gの新規な活性化機構 (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、Ahmed Khandaker Ahtesham、J. Burgoyne、岡本竜哉、藤井重元、P. Eaton、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第62回日本酸化ストレス学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡、九州大学百年講堂
• [Presentation] S-Guanylation proteomics : unique post-translational modification of thiols dependent on nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (2009)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕、藤井重元、入江厚、岡本竜哉、居原秀、本橋ほづみ、山本雅之、赤池孝章
  • Organizer: 第9回日本NO学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 静岡、グランシップ
• [Book] Antioxidant adaptive response of malignant glioma related to antitumor treatment (2011)
  • Author(s): Sawa T., Akaike T.
  • Publisher: InTech
• [Book] 一酸化窒素nitric oxide/NO.免疫の事典(桂義元、河本宏、小安重夫、山本和彦編) (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Total Pages: 39
  • Publisher: 朝倉書店
• [Book] 活性酸素reactive oxygen species(ROS).免疫の事典(桂義元、河本宏、小安重夫、山本和彦編) (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Total Pages: 109
  • Publisher: 朝倉書店
• [Book] Antioxidant adaptive response of malignant glioma related to resistance to antitumor treatment. In Novel Therapeutic Concepts in Targeting Glioma (eds., Faris Farassati), p.247-262 (2011)
  • Author(s): Sawa, T., Akaike T
  • Total Pages: 15
  • Publisher: InTech (Open Access Company)
• [Book] 免疫の事典(桂義元,河本宏,小安重夫,山本一彦編)一酸化窒素nitric oxide/NO.p.39 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Total Pages: 1
  • Publisher: 朝倉書店
• [Book] 免疫の事典(桂義元,河本宏,小安重夫,山本一彦編)活性酸素reactive oxygen species (Ros).p.109 (2011)
  • Author(s): 澤智裕, 赤池孝章
  • Total Pages: 1
  • Publisher: 朝倉書店
• [Book] Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors : From Animal Studies to Clinical Implications (2011)
  • Author(s): Okamoto T., et al
  • Publisher: Nitric oxide-mediated host immune response and microbial pathogenesis(in press)
• [Book] 日本臨床増刊号 広範囲血液・尿化学検査,免疫学的検査-4 (2010)
  • Author(s): 岡本竜哉, 他
  • Publisher: Nitric oxide(NO)およびNO関連物質
• [Book] Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors : From Animal Studies to Clinical Implications (2010)
  • Author(s): Okamoto T., et al
  • Publisher: Nitric oxide-mediated host immune response and microbial pathogenesis(in press)
• [Remarks]
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• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://kumadai-bisei.com/
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.ros-signal.jp/
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://kumadai-bisei.com/