High precision isotope analyses of presolar grains for the study of stellar nucleosynthesis

• Project/Area Number: 21740388
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Geochemistry/Astrochemistry
• Research Institution: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• Principal Investigator: YOKOYAMA Tetsuya Tokyo Institute of Technology, 大学院・理工学研究科, 准教授 (00467028)
• Project Period (FY): 2009 – 2010
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2010)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000); Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000); Fiscal Year 2009: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
• Keywords: 地球外物質化学 / 高精度同位体分析 / 始原的隕石 / プレソーラー粒子 / 元素合成 / 重元素 / 同位体 / TIMS / 母天体プロセス / ICPMS

Research Abstract

We have investigated Os isotope compositions in chondritic acid residues enriched in presolar grains. We found that bulk chondrites contain various types of presolar phases that are rich in either s-process-Os or r-process-Os. The r-process-enriched phases could be extracted from chondrites by a relatively mild acid condition, while s-process-enriched phases appeared to be highly acid resistant. We also found that some r-process-enriched phases were selectively destroyed via parent body aqueous alteration.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Assessment of nebular versus parent body processes on presolar components present in chondrites : Evidence from osmium isotopes. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Journal Title: Earth Planet.Sci.Lett. in press
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geochemical evolution of historical lavas from Askja Volcano, Iceland : Implications for mechanisms and timescales of magmatic differentiation. (2011)
  • Author(s): Kuritani, T., Yokoyama, T., Kitagawa, H., Kobayashi, K., Nakamura, E.
  • Journal Title: Geochim.Cosmochim.Acta 75 Pages: 570-587
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Timescales of magma differentiation from basalt to andesite beneath Hekla Volcano, Iceland : Constraints from U-series disequilibria in lavas from the last quarter-millennium flows. (2011)
  • Author(s): Chekol, T.A., Kobayashi, K., Yokoyama, T., Sakaguchi, C., Nakamura, E.
  • Journal Title: Geochim.Cosmochim.Acta 75 Pages: 256-283
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Osmium isotope anomalies in chondrites : Results for acid residues and related leachates (2011)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume: (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geochemical evolution of historical lavas from Askja Volcano, Iceland : Implications for mechanisms and timescales of magmatic differentiation. (2011)
  • Author(s): Kuritani, T., Yokoyama, T., Kitagawa, H., Kobayashi, K., Nakamura, E.
  • Journal Title: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume: 75 Pages: 570-587
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Timescales of magma differentiation from basalt to andesite beneath Hekla Volcano, Iceland : Constraints from U-series disequilibria in lavas from the last quarter-millennium flows. (2011)
  • Author(s): Chekol, T.A., Kobayashi, K., Yokoyama, T., Sakaguchi, C., Nakamura, E.
  • Journal Title: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume: 75 Pages: 256-283
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] isotope anomalies in chondrites : Results for acid residues and related leachates. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.Osmium
  • Journal Title: Earth Planet.Sci.Lett. 291 Pages: 48-59
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Contributors to chromium isotope variation of meteorites. (2010)
  • Author(s): Qin, L., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Carlson, R.W., Horan, M.F., Yokoyama, T.
  • Journal Title: Geochim.Cosmochim Acta 74 Pages: 1122-1145
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Osmium isotope anomalies in chondrites : Results for acid residues and related leachates (2010)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters 291 Pages: 48-59
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Contributors to chromium isotope variation of meteorites (2010)
  • Author(s): Qin, L., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Carlson, R.W., Horan, M.F., Yokoyama, T.
  • Journal Title: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 74 Pages: 1122-1145
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Melt generation and timescales of fluid/melt migration in subduction zones : constraints from U-series disequilibria in volcanic rocks. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T.
  • Organizer: First International Symposium on Geofluids
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo(Invited)
  • Year and Date: 2011-03-19
• [Presentation] Development of tungsten stable isotope analysis using external correction technique by MC-ICP-MS (2011)
  • Author(s): Fukami, Y, Kimura, J.-I., Yokoyama, T., Hirata, T.
  • Organizer: First International Symposium on Geofluids
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo
  • Year and Date: 2011-03-17
• [Presentation] Evaluation of parent body processes on presolar components in chondrites : Osmium isotopes in acid residues from CM and CR chondrites. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 42nd Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf.
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2011-03-12
• [Presentation] Evaluation of parent body processes on presolar components in chondrites : Osmium isotopes in acid residues from CM and CR chondrites. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2011-03-12
• [Presentation] コンドライトの耐酸性残渣のOs同位体異常と母天体プロセス (2010)
  • Author(s): 横山哲也, Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 2010年度質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 別府
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-19
• [Presentation] MC-ICP-MSによるタングステン安定同位体分析における質量差別効果の補正について (2010)
  • Author(s): 深海雄介, 横山哲也, 木村純一, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2010年度質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 別府
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-18
• [Presentation] 液中レーザーアブレーションの局所同位体分析への利用 (2010)
  • Author(s): 岡林識起, 横山隆臣, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2010年度質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 別府
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-18
• [Presentation] 重元素の高精度同位体分析で探る超新星爆発物質 (2010)
  • Author(s): 横山哲也
  • Organizer: 第5回「地文台によるサイエンス」シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: JAXA筑波宇宙センター
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-02
• [Presentation] タングステン安定同位体組成からみたIIIAB鉄限石とパラサイトメイングループの関連性 (2010)
  • Author(s): 深海雄介, 木村純一, 入澤啓太, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2010年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 立正大学
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-09
• [Presentation] 元素・同位体分析を目的とした液中レーザーアブレーション法(LAL)の開発 (2010)
  • Author(s): 岡林識起, 横山隆臣, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2010年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 立正大学
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-08
• [Presentation] 親鉄性元素分析のための金属質標準物質の合成 (2010)
  • Author(s): 横山隆臣, 今井崇暢, 横山哲也, 高橋栄一, 鈴木敏弘, 竹山雅夫, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2010年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 立正大学
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-08
• [Presentation] Evaluation of laser ablation in liquids as new sampling method for ICP-MS (2010)
  • Author(s): Okabayashi, S., Yokoyama, T.D., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, T., Hirata, T.
  • Organizer: 10th European Workshop on Laser Ablation
  • Place of Presentation: Kiel, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-30
• [Presentation] エンスタタイトコンドライトの耐酸性残渣におけるOs同位体異常 (2010)
  • Author(s): 横山哲也, Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星連合2010年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2010-05-27
• [Presentation] IIIAB鉄限石及びメイングループパラサイト中のタングステン同位体における質量に依存した同位体分別 (2010)
  • Author(s): 深海雄介, 木村純一, 入澤啓太, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星連合2010年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2010-05-25
• [Presentation] Osmium isotope heterogeneities in iron meteorites and pallasites (2010)
  • Author(s): Walker, R.J., Yokoyama, T., Herzog, G., Cook, D.L.
  • Organizer: 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-02
• [Presentation] Mass-dependent fractionation of tungsten isotopes in IIIAB iron meteorites and main-group pallasites (2010)
  • Author(s): 深海雄介, 木村純一, 入澤啓太, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-02
• [Presentation] isotope anomalies in acid residues from enstatite chondrites. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, T., Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 41st Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf.
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-01
• [Presentation] Osmium isotope anomalies in acid residues from enstatite chondrites (2010)
  • Author(s): 横山哲也, Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
  • Place of Presentation: The Woodlands, USA
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-01
• [Presentation] 親鉄性元素分析のための金属標準試料の合成 (2009)
  • Author(s): 横山隆臣, 平田岳史, 今井崇暢, 横山哲也, 高橋栄一, 鈴木敏弘, 竹山雅夫
  • Organizer: 質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 箱根
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-03
• [Presentation] 局所同位体分析のための新しいレーザーサンプリング法の開発 (2009)
  • Author(s): 岡林識起, 横山隆臣, 山本伸次, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 箱根
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-02
• [Presentation] IIIAB鉄隕石中のタングステン安定同位体分析 (2009)
  • Author(s): 深海雄介, 入澤啓太, 木村純一, 横山哲也, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 箱根
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-02
• [Presentation] 血液中のカルシウム化学種形態分離と同位体分析 (2009)
  • Author(s): 千先治樹, 田中佑樹, 山崎絵里香, 横山哲也, 大野剛, 松川岳久, 篠原厚子, 千葉百子, 横山和仁, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 箱根
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-02
• [Presentation] ジルコン中の放射壊変系列核種の分析 (2009)
  • Author(s): 平田岳史, 折橋裕二, 岡林識起, 横山隆臣, 横山哲也
  • Organizer: 2009年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 広島大学
  • Year and Date: 2009-09-17
• [Presentation] 始原的隕石の耐酸性残渣におけるOs同位体異常 (2009)
  • Author(s): 横山哲也, Alexander, C.M.O'D., Walker, R.J.
  • Organizer: 2009年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 広島大学
  • Year and Date: 2009-09-15
• [Presentation] 金属標準試料の合成とその均一性の評価 (2009)
  • Author(s): 今井崇暢, 横山隆臣, 横山哲也, 竹山雅夫, 高橋栄一, 平田岳史
  • Organizer: 2009年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 広島大学
  • Year and Date: 2009-09-15
• [Remarks] ホームページ等
  • URL: http://www.geo.titech.ac.jp/lab/yokoyama/