Understanding the Foundations of Reputation Formation for Sustainable Prosocial Order

• Project/Area Number: 21K02983
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 10010:Social psychology-related
• Research Institution: Aoyama Gakuin University
• Principal Investigator: Kiyonari Toko 青山学院大学, 社会情報学部, 教授 (60555176)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2025-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
• Keywords: 協力 / 互恵性 / 向社会性 / 社会的交換 / 評判

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、ヒト社会における大規模なレベルの向社会性維持の説明として現在有力な理論仮説である強い互恵性仮説と間接互恵性仮説の２つに焦点を当て、両者を評判の観点で統合することを試みる。そこで本研究では、これまで実験研究ではほとんど扱われてこなかった繰り返しのある状況下において、集団成員の互いに対する評価を社会的に共有するダイナミックな評判形成実験パラダイムを開発し、持続可能な向社会的秩序形成における評判の社会的共有基盤の究明を試みる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To understand why prosocial traits - such as cooperation, altruism, empathy, and reciprocity - are sustained on a large scale uniquely in human societies, this study sought to integrate two prominent theoretical hypotheses: strong reciprocity and indirect reciprocity. We experimentally examined how three aspects - evaluation of others, evaluation by others, and social sharing of evaluations (i.e., reputation) - influence the emergence and maintenance of cooperative behavior under repeated interaction. We developed a new paradigm to capture the dynamics of reputation formation and aimed to clarify its role in establishing sustainable prosocial order. Although the COVID-19 pandemic restricted experimental activity during the project period, face-to-face group experiments resumed in 2023. In 2024, we also initiated statistical modeling based on the collected data.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ヒト社会において協力・利他・共感・互恵といった向社会性が大規模に維持される背景を解明するため、理論仮説の統合的検討を試み、評判形成が果たす役割に着目した検討を行うことは、人間の社会性理解において極めて重要な取り組みであり、学術的意義は大きい。評判の共有が集団内の協力をどのように促進または阻害するかを明らかにすることで、持続可能な社会的秩序の設計に資する知見を提供するものであり、社会的意義も高い。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Malardalen University(スウェーデン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Vrje Universiteit Amsterdam(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] VU Amsterdam(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] American University of Sharjah(アラブ首長国連邦)
• [Journal Article] Multimodal Imaging to Identify Brain Markers of Human Prosocial Behavior (2025)
  • Author(s): Ishihara Toru、Tanaka Hiroki、Kiyonari Toko、Matsuda Tetsuya、Takagishi Haruto
  • Journal Title: eneuro Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Pages: ENEURO.0304-24.2025
  • DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0304-24.2025
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Toward an Understanding of People as Social Niche Constructors: Socio-cultural and Neurological Foundations (2024)
  • Author(s): 清成透子
  • Journal Title: The Annual Review of Sociology Volume: 2024 Issue: 37 Pages: 48-60
  • DOI: 10.5690/kantoh.2024.48
  • ISSN: 0919-4363, 1884-0086
  • Year and Date: 2024-09-03
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies (2024)
  • Author(s): Andersson, P.A., Vartanova, I., Vastfjall, D. ら他91名
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 14 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55815-x
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Wherefore art thou competitors? How situational affordances help differentiate among prosociality, individualism, and competition (2024)
  • Author(s): Liu, Y., Stivers, A. W., Murphy, R. O.ら他52名
  • Journal Title: European Journal of Personality Volume: - Issue: 1 Pages: 24-45
  • DOI: 10.1177/08902070241298850
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The relationship between beliefs in conspiracy theories and behavioral trust: A secondary analysis (2023)
  • Author(s): 松本 良恵、李 楊、新井 さくら、井上 裕香子、清成 透子、山岸 俊男
  • Journal Title: Japanese Journal of Social Psychology Volume: 39 Issue: 2 Pages: 43-53
  • DOI: 10.14966/jssp.2210
  • ISSN: 0916-1503, 2189-1338
  • Year and Date: 2023-11-30
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The Explanation of Regularity of the Distribution of Providing and Withdrawing Online Public Goods (2023)
  • Author(s): 大平 哲史、稲葉 美里、大林 真也、清成 透子
  • Journal Title: 情報処理学会論文誌 Volume: 64 Issue: 2 Pages: 594-602
  • DOI: 10.20729/00224277
  • ISSN: 1882-7764
  • Year and Date: 2023-02-15
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] It’s my turn: empirical evidence of upstream indirect reciprocity in society through a quasi-experimental approach (2023)
  • Author(s): Obayashi Shinya、Inaba Misato、Ohdaira Tetsushi、Kiyonari Toko
  • Journal Title: Journal of Computational Social Science Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 1055-1079
  • DOI: 10.1007/s42001-023-00221-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Testosterone promotes dominance behaviors in the Ultimatum Game after players’ status increases (2023)
  • Author(s): Inoue Yukako、Burriss Robert P.、Hasegawa Toshikazu、Kiyonari Toko
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 13 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45247-4
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Proselfs depend more on model-based than model-free learning in a non-social probabilistic state-transition task (2023)
  • Author(s): Oguchi Mineki、Li Yang、Matsumoto Yoshie、Kiyonari Toko、Yamamoto Kazuhiko、Sugiura Shigeki、Sakagami Masamichi
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 13 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27609-0
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The neuroanatomy of social trust predicts depression vulnerability (2022)
  • Author(s): Fermin Alan S. R.、Kiyonari Toko、Matsumoto Yoshie、Takagishi Haruto、Li Yang、Kanai Ryota、Sakagami Masamichi、Akaishi Rei、Ichikawa Naho、Takamura Masahiro、Yokoyama Satoshi、Machizawa Maro G.、Chan Hui-Ling、Matani Ayumu、Yamawaki Shigeto、Okada Go、Okamoto Yasumasa、Yamagishi Toshio
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Pages: 16724-16724
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20443-w
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 人類史研究における社会科学の役割 (2022)
  • Author(s): 高橋伸幸・清成透子・三船恒裕・松本良恵
  • Journal Title: 心理学評論 Volume: 65 Pages: 135-149
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Perceptions of Emotional Functionality: Similarities and Differences Among Dignity, Face, and Honor Cultures (2022)
  • Author(s): Maitner Angela T.、DeCoster Jamie、Andersson Per A.ら他23名
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Volume: 53 Issue: 3-4 Pages: 263-288
  • DOI: 10.1177/00220221211065108
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Reply to Komatsu et.al.: From local social mindfulness to global sustainability efforts? (2022)
  • Author(s): Van Doesum Niels J.、Murphy Ryan O.、Gallucci Marcelloら他62名
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume: 119 Issue: 4
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119303118
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Reply to Nielsen et.al.: Social mindfulness is associated with countries’ environmental performance and individual environmental concern (2022)
  • Author(s): Van Doesum Niels J.、Murphy Ryan O.、Gallucci Marcelloら他60名
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume: 119 Issue: 9
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122077119
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 人々は現実の社会的ジレンマ状況をどのように解釈しているか：テキストマイニングによるフレームの探索的分析 (2022)
  • Author(s): 大林真也・稲葉美里・大平哲史・清成透子
  • Journal Title: 理論と方法 Volume: -
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Is oxytocin a trust hormone? Salivary oxytocin is associated with caution but not with general trust (2022)
  • Author(s): Shou Qiulu、Yamada Junko、Nishina Kuniyuki、Matsunaga Masahiro、Kiyonari Toko、Takagishi Haruto
  • Journal Title: PLOS ONE Volume: 17 Issue: 5 Pages: 0267988-0267988
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267988
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Social mindfulness and prosociality vary across the globe (2021)
  • Author(s): Van Doesum Niels J.、Murphy Ryan O.、Gallucci Marcelloら他62名
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume: 118 Issue: 35
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023846118
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 繰り返しのある社会的ジレンマゲーム下での持続的協力の原因解明：意思決定の数理モデル化を目指した検討 (2025)
  • Author(s): 成田達樹・水野景子・井上裕香子・清成透子
  • Organizer: 第78回数理社会学会大会（JAMS78）
• [Presentation] Are cooperators more likely to attack out-group members than defectors?: The second experiment. (2024)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, N., Mifure, N., Matsumoto, Y., Kiyonari, T., Simunovic, D., & Yamagishi, T.
  • Organizer: the 20th International Conference on Social Dilemmas
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Differences in the neural basis of charitable decision-making between proself and prosocial individuals. (2024)
  • Author(s): Oguchi, M., Li, Y., Matsumoto, Y., Kiyonari, T., Yamamoto, K., Sugiura, S., & Sakagami, M.
  • Organizer: 脳と心のメカニズム冬のワークショップ2024
• [Presentation] 条件付き協力戦略はギビングゲームで協力してもらえるのか？―メンバーとの将来の相互作用可能性を操作した検討― (2024)
  • Author(s): 井上裕香子・清成透子
  • Organizer: 社会心理学会第65回全国大会
• [Presentation] 繰り返しのある社会的ジレンマゲーム下の持続的協力の原因解明―理論モデルによる解釈を目指した検討― (2024)
  • Author(s): 成田達樹・水野景子・井上裕香子・松本良恵・清成透子
  • Organizer: 社会心理学会第65回全国大会
• [Presentation] 統計モデリングを用いた社会的ジレンマゲーム下における持続的協力の原因解明～松本ら（2020）の実験データの再分析 (2024)
  • Author(s): 成田達樹・水野景子・井上裕香子・松本良恵・清成透子
  • Organizer: 日本人間行動進化学会第17回大会
• [Presentation] 選択の合致がジレンマ状況での協力に及ぼす影響～松本ら（2020）の実験データの再分析 (2024)
  • Author(s): 井上裕香子・松本良恵・高橋伸幸・清成透子
  • Organizer: 日本人間行動進化学会第17回大会
• [Presentation] Differences in the neural basis of charitable decision-making between proself and prosocial individuals. (2024)
  • Author(s): Mineki Oguchi, Yang Li, Yoshie Matsumoto, Toko Kiyonari, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Shigeki Sugiura, Masamichi Sakagami
  • Organizer: 脳と心のメカニズム冬のワークショップ2024
• [Presentation] 相互独立的・相互協調的な他者人物に対する日本人の選好―Steiner課題で協働したい相手は誰か？― (2023)
  • Author(s): 比留間圭輔、井上裕香子、松本良恵、清成透子
  • Organizer: 社会心理学会第64回全国大会
• [Presentation] Multimodal imaging brain markers of human prosocial behavior. (2023)
  • Author(s): Toru Ishihara, Hiroki Tanaka, Toko Kiyonari, Tetsuya Matsuda, Haruto Takagishi
  • Organizer: 第7回ヒト脳イメージング研究会
• [Presentation] Regulating anti-social transgressions across cultures. (2023)
  • Author(s): Maitner, A. T., DeCoster, J., Andersson, P. A., Eriksson, K., Sherbaji, S., Giner-Sorolla, R., Mackie, D. M., Aveyard, M., Claypool, H. M., Crisp, R. J., Gritskov, V., Habjan, K., Hartanto, A., Kiyonari, T., Kuzminska, A. O., Manesi, Z., Molho, C., Munasinghe, A., Peperkoorn, L. S., & Wu, J.
  • Organizer: Society for Personality and Social Psychology Annual Convention.
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 日本人の相互独立・相互協調的人物に対する選好：課題の貢献量に着目した検討 (2023)
  • Author(s): 比留間圭輔・井上裕香子・松本良恵・清成透子
  • Organizer: 情報コミュニケーション学会第20回全国大会
• [Presentation] Proselfs depends more on model-based than model-free learning in a non-social probabilistic state-transition task (2022)
  • Author(s): Mineki Oguchi, Yang Li, Yoshie Matsumoto, Toko Kiyonari, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Shigeki Sugiura, & Masamichi Sakagami
  • Organizer: Neuro 2022
• [Presentation] The possible effect of decision synchronization in sustaining voluntary cooperation in a repeated social dilemma game. (2022)
  • Author(s): Yukako Inoue, Yoshie Matsumoto, Nobuyuki Takahashi, & Toko Kiyonari
  • Organizer: the 19th International Conference on Social Dilemmas
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The imbalance of power leads to aggression in the preemptive strike game. (2022)
  • Author(s): Nobuhiro Mifune, Yang Li, Yoshie Matsumoto, & Toko Kiyonari, & Toshio Yamagishi
  • Organizer: the 19th International Conference on Social Dilemmas
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 相互作用場面における相互独立・協調的人物に対する選好 (2022)
  • Author(s): 比留間圭輔・清成透子
  • Organizer: 社会心理学会第63回全国大会
• [Presentation] 社会的価値志向性とモデルフリー・モデルベース学習 (2022)
  • Author(s): 小口峰樹・李楊・松本良恵・清成透子・山本和彦・杉浦繁貴・坂上雅道
  • Organizer: 社会心理学会第63回全国大会
• [Presentation] 社会的価値志向性とモデルフリー・モデルベース学習―マルコフ方状態遷移課題を用いた検討― (2022)
  • Author(s): 小口峰樹・李楊・松本良恵・清成透子・山本和彦・杉浦繁貴・坂上雅道
  • Organizer: 第25回実験社会科学カンファレンス
• [Presentation] 相互作用場面における相互独立・相互協調的人物に対する選好 (2022)
  • Author(s): 比留間圭輔・井上裕香子・松本良恵・清成透子
  • Organizer: 日本人間行動進化学会第15回大会
• [Presentation] 場面依存的な東アジア的自己観と欧米的自己観に対する選好 (2022)
  • Author(s): 比留間圭輔・清成透子
  • Organizer: 情報コミュニケーション学会第19回全国大会
• [Presentation] ワーキングメモリ圧迫下で人々の共感性は低下するか (2022)
  • Author(s): 河内日向乃・清成透子
  • Organizer: 情報コミュニケーション学会第19回全国大会
• [Presentation] Abnormal brain interoception network structures linked with loss of cardiac autonomic regulation in major depressive disorder (2021)
  • Author(s): Alan S. R. Fermin, Hui-Ling Chan, Naho Ichikawa, Masahiro Takamura, Toko Kiyonari, Yoshie Matsumoto, Haruto Takagishi, Yang Li, Ryota Kanai, Masamichi Sakagami, Satoshi Yokoyama, Maro Machizawa, Ayumu Matani, Shigeto Yamawaki, Go Okada, Toshio Yamagishi, Yasumasa Okamoto
  • Organizer: the 44th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Frames in the real-world social dilemma (2021)
  • Author(s): Shinya Obayashi, Misato Inaba, Tetsushi Ohdaira, & Toko Kiyonari
  • Organizer: the 13th Annual International Network of Analytical Sociology Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Experience of decision synchronization may enhance cooperation in a repeated social dilemma game. (2021)
  • Author(s): Toko Kiyonari, Yoshie Matsumoto, Yukako Inoue, & Nobuyuki Takahashi
  • Organizer: the 32nd International Congress of Psychology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 被災時の被援助経験が利他行動に与える効果：自然実験を利用した因果的分析 (2021)
  • Author(s): 大林真也・稲葉美里・大平哲史・清成透子
  • Organizer: 第71回数理社会学会オンライン大会（JAMS71online）