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Identification of novel Dominant Twin Inducer gene in sorghum

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K05526
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Takanashi Hideki  東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 特任准教授 (60707149)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Keywordsソルガム / 小穂 / 双子化 / QTL解析 / 二粒化 / 種子生産
Outline of Research at the Start

申請者はソルガム遺伝資源から小穂当たり二粒の子実を稔実させる珍しい双子 (Twin) 系統X [通常の系統は小穂あたり一粒しか稔実しない] を見出し, この性質は子実増産に最適なのではないかと考えた. 面白いことに本Twin形質は一遺伝子支配, かつ優性であることがわかった. これまでの解析により優性Twin化原因遺伝子 (DTI: Dominant Twin Inducer と仮称) は第六染色体末端に座上していることまでわかっており, 本研究ではこのDTI遺伝子の同定とそのTwin化メカニズムの解明, および応用展開に向けた知見を得ることを目的として研究を進めていく.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Sorghum typically produces only one grain per spikelet. However, the applicant found a rare twin line X in sorghum germplasm that produces two grains per spikelet and considered this trait to be optimal for increasing grain production. The applicant conducted genetic analyses of this twin trait and was eventually able to identify the dominant twin inducer gene, DTI. Since the mechanism of twin formation mediated by DTI remains largely unclear, the applicant advanced the development of NILs for the DTI locus as experimental materials to elucidate this mechanism and evaluate its practical applicability under field conditions, and conducted various evaluations, including field trials.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ソルガムは世界五大穀物の一つであるイネ科作物で, ストレス耐性が高く, また多様な用途があることから, 今後のSDGs達成に大きく貢献しうる有望な作物として注目されている. 近年ソルガム子実の需要は上昇を続けているものの, その子実生産増加に資する研究は非常に限られていた. 本研究で同定されたDTIは優性で小穂当たりの稔実子実数を倍加させるという珍しい遺伝子であった。本研究で同定された優性Twin化遺伝子に関する知見は, 今後の応用利用のみならず, イネ科小穂の形態形成や進化についても様々な示唆を与える興味深い成果であると言える.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2023 Research-status Report
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 Other

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Remarks (1 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Genetic control of morphological traits useful for improving sorghum2023

    • Author(s)
      Hideki Takanashi
    • Journal Title

      Breeding Science

      Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 57-69

    • DOI

      10.1270/jsbbs.22069

    • ISSN
      1344-7610, 1347-3735
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] DOMINANT AWN INHIBITOR Encodes the ALOG Protein Originating from Gene Duplication and Inhibits AWN Elongation by Suppressing Cell Proliferation and Elongation in Sorghum.2022

    • Author(s)
      Hideki Takanashi, Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae, Asuka Nishimura, Junko Yamada, Motoyuki Ishimori, Masaaki Kobayashi, Kentaro Yano, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Nobuhiro Tsutsumi, Wataru Sakamoto
    • Journal Title

      Plant & cell physiology

      Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Pages: 901-918

    • DOI

      10.1093/pcp/pcac057

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Sorghum Ionomics Reveals the Functional SbHMA3a Allele that Limits Excess Cadmium Accumulation in Grains.2022

    • Author(s)
      Fiona Wacera Wahinya, Kiyoshi Yamazaki, Zihuan Jing, Tsuneaki Takami, Takehiro Kamiya, Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae, Hideki Takanashi, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Nobuhiro Tsutsumi, Toru Fujiwara, Wataru Sakamoto
    • Journal Title

      Plant & cell physiology

      Volume: 63 Issue: 5 Pages: 713-728

    • DOI

      10.1093/pcp/pcac035

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Remarks] 植物分子遺伝学研究室HP

    • URL

      https://lpmg-u-tokyo.labby.jp/

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report 2022 Research-status Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 小穂あたりの小花の数を制御する核酸2024

    • Inventor(s)
      髙梨秀樹, 堤伸浩, 徳永毅
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      髙梨秀樹, 堤伸浩, 徳永毅
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Filing Date
      2024
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2026-01-16  

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