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Establishment of a mouse model of ampullary carcinoma and identification of stem cell niches and cells of origin

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K08000
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Hayata Yuki  東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 届出研究員 (60897883)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 中川 勇人  三重大学, 医学系研究科, 教授 (00555609)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords胆管周囲付属腺 / 十二指腸乳頭部癌 / 胆管再生 / 胆管幹細胞 / 幹細胞ニッチ / 癌起源細胞 / 十二指腸乳頭部 / 胆管癌
Outline of Research at the Start

切除不能十二指腸乳頭部癌は非常に予後不良である。その理由の一つに解剖学的に複雑な部位に発生する癌であり、胆管癌・膵癌・十二指腸癌のどの癌に準じた化学療法を行うべきか不明であることが挙げられる。よってその発癌起源および分子発生機序解明が急務であるが、乳頭部癌の動物モデルがないため、大きな障壁となっていた。今回、私たちは十二指腸乳頭部に特異的に存在する胆管上皮幹細胞を同定し、これに遺伝子改変を誘導することで世界初の十二指腸乳頭部癌マウスモデルの樹立に成功した。そこで本研究では同マウスモデル、さらには患者由来オルガノイドを用いて、十二指腸乳頭部癌の病態解明とそれに基づく新規治療法開発を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using lineage tracing in mice, we found that Axin2-positive peribiliary gland (PBG) cells in periampullary region as biliary epithelial stem cells. Additionally, we found that smooth muscle cells surrounding PBGs secrete R-spondin 3, forming a Wnt-activating niche in this area. When PTEN was specifically knocked out in Axin2-positive cells in mice, ampullary carcinoma developed, and its progression was significantly suppressed by Wnt inhibitors, suggesting that the Wnt-activated niche in periampullary region contributes to ampullary carcinoma development and could be a potential therapeutic target. We also identified OLFM4 as a specific marker for PBG cells in the common bile duct.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

今回の研究から十二指腸乳頭部に胆管上皮幹細胞が存在することが分かった。乳頭切除後や膵頭十二指腸切除後の晩期合併症として胆管狭窄が生じるが、これはOddi括約筋を含む幹細胞ニッチを切除してしまうことにより、胆管再生が障害されるためかもしれない。小児肝移植の最も多い原因疾患は胆道閉鎖症であり、また成人においても肝移植後の胆管狭窄は肝移植に伴う重要な合併症の一つであることから、胆管の再生機構解明はきわめて重要な命題である。したがって本研究結果は、胆管再生療法や十二指腸乳頭部癌に対する治療法の開発に向け、重要な知見となることが期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021

All Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Presentation] Unveiling the Cellular Origins and Therapeutic Targets in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Insights from Mouse Models and Genetic Markers.2024

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa Hayato
    • Organizer
      APASL
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Molecular mechanisms and cellular origins of biliary tract cancer: cutting-edge knowledge from mouse models.2023

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa Hayato
    • Organizer
      APASL Oncology
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Peribiliary glands generate biliary epithelial stem cell niche as well as origin of biliary tract cancer.2023

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa Hayato
    • Organizer
      第59回肝臓学会総会 JSH-EASL Joint Session
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] AXIN2+ PERIBILIARY GLAND CELLS IN PERIAMPULLARY REGION SERVE AS BILIARY EPITHELIAL STEM CELLS AND GIVE RISE TO AMPULLARY CARCINOMA.2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayata Y, Nakagawa H, Koike K.
    • Organizer
      Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 消化器・肝臓内科 胆道上皮幹細胞と乳頭部腫瘍2022

    • Author(s)
      中川 勇人
    • Publisher
      科学評論社
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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