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Sex and disease judgment using color fundus photography

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K09704
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 56060:Ophthalmology-related
Research InstitutionKagoshima University

Principal Investigator

Yamashita Takehiro  鹿児島大学, 鹿児島大学病院, 医員 (70404514)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords眼球の個人差 / 眼底写真の個人差 / 眼底写真による推定 / 眼底の性差 / 眼底の加齢変化 / 眼底写真 / 年齢推定 / 性別推定 / 加齢変化 / 性差 / 測定自動化 / 眼球形状 / 近視 / 全身因子推定 / 眼球因子推定 / 性別判定 / 人工知能 / 診断 / 進行予測
Outline of Research at the Start

Googleの研究で人工知能(AI)は眼底写真から性別を97%の確率で判別できたが、将棋のAIと一緒でなぜ判別できたかは分からなかった。我々は眼底写真の血管湾曲度、視神経乳頭形状および相対位置、眼底色調などを数値化することで、77.9%で男女を判別でき、男性よりも女性は視神経乳頭が卵型で、上耳側動脈が黄斑に近く、眼底色調が青緑っぽいことを報告した。この手法を自動化して発展させることで、性別判定率の向上だけでなく、眼底写真だけから身長、近視などを推察する方法を確立することを目的とする。眼底写真には血管、神経、眼球形状の情報が含まれており、将来的には眼科以外の疾患も判別することも目標としている。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Similar to face photographs, fundus photographs have large individual differences to the extent that individuals can be identified. In other words, there are characteristics hidden in the fundus of the eye that can identify an individual. Artificial intelligence was able to predict the gender with 97% accuracy and the age with an error of 3.26 years just from the fundus photo. However, artificial intelligence cannot determine the specific characteristics of the fundus. Therefore, we quantified various features of fundus photographs and conducted statistical analysis. As a result, we were able to estimate the gender at 80.4%, and the specific gender difference was optic disc shape, angle of reinal vessels, and the green color tone. Age could also be estimated with an error of 3.64 years, and color tone changes with age. These results will lead to the elucidation of the pathology of eye diseases that occur due to gender differences and aging.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

眼底写真だけから年齢や性別がある程度推定できることが証明された。性差や加齢変化が影響する加齢黄斑変性や緑内障、黄斑円孔などの眼疾患のリスクが眼底写真から推定できる可能性が示唆される。眼疾患の病態解明に本研究の結果が役立つことに加え、健診で痛み無く取得できる眼底写真から眼疾患や性格傾向などが推定できれば国民の健康維持にも役立つ。実年齢と推定年齢の差から眼底が実年齢よりも加齢変化が進んでいるかどうかも分かる。今後は眼底写真に限らず生体から得られるひとつの画像から様々な要因を推定することが可能となるため、社会的な意義は大きいが、受け入れる側の十分な理解も必要である。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (34 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 14 results,  Open Access: 14 results) Presentation (20 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Predicting central choroidal thickness from colour fundus photographs using deep learning2024

    • Author(s)
      Arai Yusuke、Takahashi Hidenori、Takayama Takuya、Yousefi Siamak、Tampo Hironobu、Yamashita Takehiro、Hasegawa Tetsuya、Ohgami Tomohiro、Sonoda Shozo、Tanaka Yoshiaki、Inoda Satoru、Sakamoto Shinichi、Kawashima Hidetoshi、Yanagi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 19 Issue: 3 Pages: e0301467-e0301467

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0301467

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Three-year changes in sex judgment using color fundus parameters in elementary school students2023

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita Takehiro、Asaoka Ryo、Terasaki Hiroto、Yoshihara Naoya、Kakiuchi Naoko、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 18 Issue: 11 Pages: e0295123-e0295123

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0295123

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Quantification of peripapillary nerve fibre elevation and its association with axial length, optic disc tilt, and parapapillary atrophy area in young, healthy eyes2023

    • Author(s)
      Fujiwara Kazuki、Yamashita Takehiro、Terasaki Hiroto、Nakao Kumiko、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Eye

      Volume: Online ahead of print Issue: 6 Pages: 1112-1117

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41433-023-02827-y

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Effect of the macular shape on hole findings in idiopathic macular hole differs depending on the stage of the macular hole2023

    • Author(s)
      Terasaki Hiroto、Yamashita Toshifumi、Funatsu Ryoh、Nomoto Shohei、Fujiwara Kazuki、Shiihara Hideki、Yamashita Takehiro、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 13 Issue: 1

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-023-42509-z

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial Comparing 0.1% Brimonidine/0.5% Timolol Versus 1% Dorzolamide/0.5% Timolol as Adjuncts to Prostaglandin Analogues: Aibeta Crossover Study2023

    • Author(s)
      Inatani Masaru、Orii Yusuke、Iwasaki Kentaro、et al
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Therapy

      Volume: 40 Issue: 9 Pages: 4074-4092

    • DOI

      10.1007/s12325-023-02589-9

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Sex determination using color fundus parameters in older adults of Kumejima population study2023

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita Takehiro、Asaoka Ryo、Iwase Aiko、Sakai Hiroshi、Terasaki Hiroto、Sakamoto Taiji、Araie Makoto
    • Journal Title

      Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

      Volume: Ahead of print Issue: 8 Pages: 2411-2419

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00417-023-06024-1

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Success Rate of Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometry of Eyes of Elementary School Students2022

    • Author(s)
      Tomita Masatoshi、Yamashita Takehiro、Terasaki Hiroto、Yoshihara Naoya、Kakiuchi Naoko、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Clinical Ophthalmology

      Volume: Volume 16 Pages: 3607-3612

    • DOI

      10.2147/opth.s378286

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Quantification of Anterior Chamber Particles Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Angle-Closure Glaucoma Patients after Laser Iridotomy2022

    • Author(s)
      Yoshihara Naoya、Terasaki Hiroto、Shiihara Hideki、Funatsu Ryoh、Yamashita Takehiro、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Clinical Medicine

      Volume: 11 Issue: 15 Pages: 4379-4379

    • DOI

      10.3390/jcm11154379

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] OCULAR FACTORS RELATED TO PREOPERATIVE ENLARGEMENT OF IDIOPATHIC MACULAR HOLE DIAMETER2022

    • Author(s)
      Terasaki Hiroto、Yamashita Toshifumi、Funatsu Ryoh、Shiihara Hideki、Yamashita Takehiro、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Retina

      Volume: 42 Issue: 8 Pages: 1484-1490

    • DOI

      10.1097/iae.0000000000003490

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Characteristics of pigmentary glaucoma in Japanese individuals2022

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita Takehiro、Shiihara Hideki、Terasaki Hiroto、Fujiwara Kazuki、Tanaka Minoru、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 17 Issue: 6 Pages: e0268864-e0268864

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0268864

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Sex Differences in Rate of Axial Elongation and Ocular Biometrics in Elementary School Students2021

    • Author(s)
      Terasaki Hiroto、Yamashita Takehiro、Asaoka Ryo、Yoshihara Naoya、Kakiuchi Naoko、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      Clinical Ophthalmology

      Volume: Volume 15 Pages: 4297-4302

    • DOI

      10.2147/opth.s333096

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The Relationship Between Optic Disc and Retinal Artery Position and Glaucomatous Visual Field Progression2021

    • Author(s)
      Fujino Yuri、Asaoka Ryo、Murata Hiroshi、Yamashita Takehiro
    • Journal Title

      Investigative Opthalmology and Visual Science

      Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Pages: 6-6

    • DOI

      10.1167/iovs.62.12.6

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Comparisons between retinal vessel calibers and various optic disc morphologic parameters with different optic disc appearances: The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study.2021

    • Author(s)
      Sugihara K, Takai Y, Kawasaki R, Nitta K, Katai M, Kitaoka Y, Yokoyama Y, Omodaka K, Naito T, Yamashita T, Mizoue S, Iwase A, Nakazawa T, Tanito M
    • Journal Title

      Plos One

      Volume: 16 Issue: 7 Pages: e0250245-e0250245

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0250245

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Retinal vessel shift and its association with axial length elongation in a prospective observation in Japanese junior high school students2021

    • Author(s)
      Asano Shotaro、Yamashita Takehiro、Asaoka Ryo、Fujino Yuri、Murata Hiroshi、Terasaki Hiroto、Yoshihara Naoya、Kakiuchi Naoko、Sakamoto Taiji
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Pages: e0250233-e0250233

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0250233

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 久米島スタディ正常眼の眼底写真パラメータによる年齢推定と眼底の加齢変化2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、朝岡亮、岩瀬愛子、坂本泰二、酒井寛、新家眞
    • Organizer
      第127回日本眼科学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] AI研究で判明した総合的判定2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明
    • Organizer
      第127回日本眼科学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Relationship between acceleration of axial elongation and ocular biometry in children2023

    • Author(s)
      Takehiro Yamashita, Taiji Sakamoto
    • Organizer
      2023 ARVO annual meeting
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 久米島疫学調査の正常眼における眼底写真パラメータによる屈折と眼軸長推定2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、朝岡亮、岩瀬愛子、坂本泰二、酒井寛、新家眞
    • Organizer
      第5回日本近視学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 久米島スタディ健常眼の乳頭周囲リング状色素帯と年齢・屈折・眼軸長との関連2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、藤原和樹、朝岡亮、岩瀬愛子、坂本泰二、酒井寛、新家眞
    • Organizer
      第12回日本視野画像学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Funduscopic optic disc changes in growth phase2023

    • Author(s)
      Takehiro Yamashita, Taiji Sakamoto
    • Organizer
      10th World Glaucoma COngress
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 成長期の垂直陥凹乳頭径比の変化2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、芳原直也、柿内奈保子、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      第34回日本緑内障学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 成長期の視神経乳頭色調と面積の変化2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、芳原直也、柿内奈保子、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      第77回日本臨床眼科学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 小学3年から中学3年生の眼軸伸長加速度と初年度眼球形状パラメータとの関係2023

    • Author(s)
      山下高明
    • Organizer
      第34回日本成長学会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 若年健常眼の眼底写真パラメーターによる性指数と身長・眼軸長との関連2022

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、朝岡亮、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      第11回日本視野画像学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Sex judgment using parameters of color fundus photographs in growth phase2022

    • Author(s)
      Takehiro Yamashita, Ryo Asaoka, Naoya Yoshihara, Naoko Kakiuchi, Taiji Sakamoto
    • Organizer
      24th International Visual Field & Imaging Symposium
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 成長期における網膜血管の変化2022

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、芳原直也、柿内奈保子、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      第33回日本緑内障学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 視神経乳頭における認知2022

    • Author(s)
      山下高明
    • Organizer
      第33回日本緑内障学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 成長期におけるコーヌスの変化2022

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、芳原直也、柿内奈保子、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      第76回日本臨床眼科学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 小学3年から中学3年における視神経乳頭の経時的変化2022

    • Author(s)
      山下高明
    • Organizer
      第33回日本成長学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 4年間の観察研究における小学生の眼底写真パラメーターによる性別判定2021

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、朝岡亮、芳原直也、柿内奈保子、坂本泰二
    • Organizer
      日本視野画像学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Sex judgment using color fundus parameters in Kumejima population study2021

    • Author(s)
      Takehiro Yamashita, Ryo Asaoka, Aiko Iwase, Taiji Sakamoto, Hiroshi Sakai, Makoto Araie
    • Organizer
      World Glaucoma Congress
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Characteristics of pigmentary glaucoma in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Hideki Shiihara, Takehiro Yamashita, Minoru Tanaka, Taiji Sakamoto
    • Organizer
      World Glaucoma Congress
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 久米島スタディ健常眼の眼底写真パラメーターによる性指数と身長・眼軸長との関連2021

    • Author(s)
      山下高明、朝岡亮、岩瀬愛子、坂本泰二、酒井寛、新家眞
    • Organizer
      日本緑内障学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 久米島スタディ健常眼の上下耳側の血管角度と眼軸長との関連2021

    • Author(s)
      藤原和樹、山下高明、朝岡亮、岩瀬愛子、坂本泰二、酒井寛、新家眞
    • Organizer
      日本緑内障学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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