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Satellite-based Free-Space Optical Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Systems for Secured Wireless Networks

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K11870
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 60060:Information network-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Aizu

Principal Investigator

Pham T. Anh  会津大学, コンピュータ理工学部, 教授 (80404896)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
KeywordsQuantum key distribution / Free-space optics / Satellite communications / Security attack / BBM92 Protocol / FSO / QKD / Quantum Key Distribution / Satellite / Free-Space Optics (FSO) / Wireless networks
Outline of Research at the Start

Classical key distribution protocols, which are based on the mathematical complexity of cryptography techniques, can be soon compromised. Capitalizing on the law of quantum physics, QKD has been considered as a promising method with proved implementations for fixed networks. This proposal aims to study the proposal of QKD systems for wireless networks based on the FSO technology and high-altitude platforms. We focus on solving both fundamental theory as well as system, protocol designing issues to achieve a reliable and efficient key distribution method for the future wireless networks.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

First, we presented a new design for satellite CV-QKD by applying non-coherent detection for the entanglement-based scheme. We also worked on issues related to the design and applications of satellite-based FSO systems. Second, we proposed a novel entanglement-based FSO/QKD system that uses LEO and GEO satellites. We then investigated the feasibility of a case study for the Japan QKD network using the existing GEO and LEO satellite constellations. Thirdly, we proposed a novel design for a global-scale FSO/QKD network based on a GEO satellite as the secret key source and LEO satellites as relay nodes for multiple wireless users. Finally, we proposed a novel modulation signaling-based QKD protocol that employs eight phases of the optical carrier, which exhibits increased spectral efficiency compared to existing protocols.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は5G以降の無線ネットワークパラダイムにおいて自動運転車両など遠隔通信においての安全な無線通信をサポートする衛星ベースのFSO通信の設計と開発を提案する。計算技術の急速な進歩により数学的複雑さに基づく従来の鍵配送プロトコルはすぐに危険にさらされる可能性がある。量子物理学の法則を利用する量子鍵配送は固定ネットワークで実証済みで実装を備えた有望な方法とされている。私たちはFSOとHAPSの光無線技術に基づく無線ネットワーク用の量子鍵配送システムの提案を目指している。私たちは信頼性が高く効率的な鍵配送方法を実現するために基礎理論とシステム、プロトコル設計の問題の両方に重点を置いている。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (33 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Peer Reviewed: 14 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (15 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] IIT Indore/Department of Electrical Engineering(インド)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] IIT Roorkee/Dept. of Electronics and Com. Eng.(インド)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology/School of Elec. and Electronics Eng.(ベトナム)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Resource allocation for hybrid FSO/RF satellite-assisted multiple backhauled UAVs over Starlink networks2024

    • Author(s)
      Dang Khanh D.、Le Hoang D.、Nguyen Chuyen T.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEICE Communications Express

      Volume: 13 Issue: 3 Pages: 52-55

    • DOI

      10.23919/comex.2023XBL0154

    • ISSN
      2187-0136
    • Year and Date
      2024-03-01
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Multiple HAPS-based space-air-ground network with FSO communication: a performance analysis2024

    • Author(s)
      Singh Deepshikha、Swaminathan R.、Pham Anh. T.
    • Journal Title

      Applied Optics

      Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Pages: 2362-2362

    • DOI

      10.1364/ao.515707

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Design of Satellite-Based FSO/QKD Systems Using GEO/LEOs for Multiple Wireless Users2023

    • Author(s)
      Vu Minh Q.、Le Hoang D.、Pham Thanh V.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Photonics Journal

      Volume: 15 Issue: 4 Pages: 1-14

    • DOI

      10.1109/jphot.2023.3294723

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Design and Analysis of Octa-phase Shift Keying Based Quantum Key Distribution System2023

    • Author(s)
      Verma Ragini、Jaiswal Anshul、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Communications Letters

      Volume: 27 Issue: 10 Pages: 2677-2681

    • DOI

      10.1109/lcomm.2023.3305393

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Cooperative HARQ-Aided Multiple UAVs in Optical Aerospace Backhaul Networks2023

    • Author(s)
      Dang Khanh D.、Le Hoang D.、Nguyen Chuyen T.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Access

      Volume: 11 Pages: 138247-138260

    • DOI

      10.1109/access.2023.3340420

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] FSO-Based Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Networks: Cooperative HARQ With Rate Adaptation2023

    • Author(s)
      Le Hoang D.、Nguyen Hung D.、Nguyen Chuyen T、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems

      Volume: NA Issue: 4 Pages: 1-16

    • DOI

      10.1109/taes.2023.3236904

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] TCP over hybrid FSO/RF-based satellite networks in the presence of cloud coverage2022

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Thang K.、Nguyen Chuyen T.、Le Hoang D.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEICE Communications Express

      Volume: 11 Issue: 10 Pages: 649-654

    • DOI

      10.1587/comex.2022XBL0104

    • ISSN
      2187-0136
    • Year and Date
      2022-10-01
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey2022

    • Author(s)
      Le Hoang D.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials

      Volume: 24 Issue: 3 Pages: 1602-1633

    • DOI

      10.1109/comst.2022.3175509

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] On the Design of RIS-UAV Relay-Assisted Hybrid FSO/RF Satellite-Aerial-Ground Integrated Network2022

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Thang V.、Le Hoang D.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems

      Volume: 59 Pages: 1-15

    • DOI

      10.1109/taes.2022.3189334

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Toward Practical Entanglement-Based Satellite FSO/QKD Systems Using Dual-Threshold/ Direct Detection2022

    • Author(s)
      Vu Minh Q.、Le Hoang D.、Pham Thanh V.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Access

      Volume: 10 Pages: 113260-113274

    • DOI

      10.1109/access.2022.3217220

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] On the Design of Rate Adaptation for Relay-Assisted Satellite Hybrid FSO/RF Systems2022

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Thang V.、Le Hoang D.、Dang Ngoc T.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Photonics Journal

      Volume: 14 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1109/jphot.2021.3130720

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] On the Design of FSO-Based Satellite Systems Using Incremental Redundancy Hybrid ARQ Protocols With Rate Adaptation2022

    • Author(s)
      Le Hoang D.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

      Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Pages: 463-477

    • DOI

      10.1109/tvt.2021.3127193

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Throughput Analysis for TCP Over the FSO-Based Satellite-Assisted Internet of Vehicles2022

    • Author(s)
      Le Hoang D.、Trinh Phuc V.、Pham Thanh V.、Kolev Dimitar R.、Carrasco-Casado Alberto、Kubo-Oka Toshihiro、Toyoshima Morio、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

      Volume: 71 Issue: 2 Pages: 1875-1890

    • DOI

      10.1109/tvt.2021.3131746

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] TCP Performance Over Satellite-Based Hybrid FSO/RF Vehicular Networks: Modeling and Analysis2021

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Thang K.、Nguyen Chuyen T.、Le Hoang D.、Pham Anh T.
    • Journal Title

      IEEE Access

      Volume: 9 Pages: 108426-108440

    • DOI

      10.1109/access.2021.3101903

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] FSO-Assisted Non-Terrestrial Backhaul Networks2024

    • Author(s)
      Hoang D. Le, Tinh V. Nguyen, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEICE General Conference 2024
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Development of Secure Chat Application Based Quantum Key Distribution2024

    • Author(s)
      Yudai Takihara, Hoang D. Le, Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEICE General Conference 2024
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Network Coding Aided Hybrid EB/PM Satellite-based FSO/QKD Systems2023

    • Author(s)
      Minh Q. Vu, Hoang D. Le, Ngoc T. Dang, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      the 38th International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications (ITC-CSCC)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Performance of IR-HARQ-based RC-LDPC Code Extension in Optical Satellite Systems2023

    • Author(s)
      Cuong T. Nguyen, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE VTS APWCS 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Secrecy Performance Analysis of Space-To-Ground Optical Satellite Communications2023

    • Author(s)
      Thang V. Nguyen, Thanh V. Pham, Anh T. Pham, and Dang T. Ngoc
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Goodput Performance of LDPC-based HARQ Protocol in FSO-based Vertical Systems2023

    • Author(s)
      Cuong T. Nguyen, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEICE International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Communications (ICETC) 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Energy Efficiency Performance of Optical Satellite-based Adaptation Systems with Channel Prediction2023

    • Author(s)
      Tinh V. Nguyen, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEICE International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Communications (ICETC) 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cooperative HARQ-based Frame Allocation for Optical Satellite/HAP-Assisted Backhaul Networks2023

    • Author(s)
      Khanh D. Dang, Hoang D. Le, Chuyen T. Nguyen, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM'23), Workshop on Cellular UAV and Satellite Communications 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Entanglement-based Satellite FSO/QKD System using Dual-Threshold/Direct Detection2022

    • Author(s)
      Minh Q. Vu, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Seoul, South Korea.
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Aerial IRS-Aided Vertical Backhaul FSO Networks over Fisher-Snedecor F Turbulence Channels2022

    • Author(s)
      Hoang D. Le, Thang V. Nguyen, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Communications and Electronics 2022, Nha Trang, Vietnam.
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Echo State Network for Turbulence-Induced Fading Channel Prediction in Free-Space Optical Systems2022

    • Author(s)
      Tinh V. Nguyen, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE World Symposium on Communication Engineering (WSCE 2022), Nagoya, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A Proposal of Satellite-based FSO/QKD System for Multiple Wireless Users2022

    • Author(s)
      Minh Q. Vu, Hoang D. Le, and Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEICE International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Communications (ICETC), Waseda, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Entanglement-based Satellite FSO/QKD System using Dual-Threshold/Direct Detection2022

    • Author(s)
      Minh Q. Vu、Hoang D. Le、Anh T. Pham
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Symposium on Quantum Communications and Computing, Seoul, South Korea (online)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Throughput and Delay Performance of Cooperative HARQ in Satellite-HAP-Vehicle FSO Systems2021

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Hung D.、Let Hoang D.、Nguyen Chuyen T.、Pham Anh T.
    • Organizer
      IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications, Norman, OK, USA (Online)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Average Transmission Rate and Outage Performance of Relay-Assisted Satellite Hybrid FSO/RF Systems2021

    • Author(s)
      Nguyen Thang V.、Le Hoang D.、Dang Ngoc T.、Pham Anh T.
    • Organizer
      IEEE International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (Online)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] https://u-aizu.ac.jp/labs/ce-cc/

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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