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Science-based targets for material use in line with the Earth's carrying capacity

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K12344
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 64050:Sound material-cycle social systems-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute for Environmental Studies

Principal Investigator

Watari Takuma  国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 資源循環領域, 研究員 (10845811)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywordsコンクリート / 鉄鋼 / 脱炭素 / 資源効率 / セメント / カーボンニュートラル / 物質フロー / 科学的目標 / 気候変動 / 資源生産性
Outline of Research at the Start

地球の環境容量を超過することなく増加し続ける世界人口の基本的欲求を充足する資源生産・消費システムの構築は人類が直面している最重要課題である。しかし環境容量下において、”いかなる資源を、いかなる国が、どの程度利用可能か”は科学的に解明されておらず、国際調和のとれた取り組みに不可欠な数値目標が確立されていない。本研究は、環境制約下における資源循環構造を精緻に表現する新規の数理モデルを開発し、地球の環境容量と厳密に整合する資源フロー・ストック・生産性目標の構築を目的とする。研究成果は資源利用に関する国際的目標設定の議論を支援すると共に、日本の次期循環基本計画における数値目標の科学基盤強化に貢献する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study explores the global feasible supply of steel and cement within Paris-compliant carbon budgets, explicitly considering uncertainties in the deployment of infrastructure. Our analysis reveals that despite substantial growth in recycling- and hydrogen-based production, the feasible steel supply will only meet 58-65% of the expected baseline demand in 2050. Cement supply is even more uncertain due to limited mitigation options, meeting only 22-56% of the expected baseline demand in 2050. These findings pose a two-fold challenge for decarbonizing the steel and cement industries: on the one hand, governments need to expand essential infrastructure rapidly; on the other hand, industries need to prepare for the risk of deployment failures, rather than solely waiting for large-scale infrastructure to emerge. Our feasible supply scenarios provide compelling evidence of the urgency of demand-side actions and establish benchmarks for the required level of resource efficiency.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究課題の一連の成果によって、1.5℃目標と整合的な資源効率性のベンチマークが世界で初めて科学的に提案された。本成果は資源利用に関する国際的目標設定の議論を支援すると共に、日本の次期循環型社会推進基本計画における各種数値目標の科学基盤強化に貢献する。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (56 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (8 results) Journal Article (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (36 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 21 results,  Invited: 16 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Cambridge/University College London(英国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Technology Sydney(オーストラリア)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of California, Santa Barbara(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Chinese Academy of Science(中国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Cambridge(英国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Antwerp(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of technology Sydney(オーストラリア)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Antwerp(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Net-zero embodied carbon in buildings with today’s available technologies2024

    • Author(s)
      Watari T., Yamashita N., Serrenho A.
    • Journal Title

      Environmental Science & Technology

      Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Pages: 1793-1801

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.est.3c04618

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Feasible supply of steel and cement within a carbon budget is likely to fall short of expected global demand2023

    • Author(s)
      Watari T., Serrenho A., Gast L., Cullen J., Allwood J.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 14 Issue: 1 Pages: 7895-7895

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-023-43684-3

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Scrap Endowment and inequalities in global steel decarbonization2023

    • Author(s)
      Watari T., Giurco D., Cullen J.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Cleaner Production

      Volume: 425 Pages: 139041-139041

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139041

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] China’s bulk material loops can be closed but deep decarbonization requires demand reduction2023

    • Author(s)
      Lulu Song , Stijn van Ewijk, Eric Masanet, Takuma Watari, Fanran Meng, Jonathan M. Cullen, Zhi Cao, Wei-Qiang Chen
    • Journal Title

      Nature Climate Change

      Volume: 13 Issue: 10 Pages: 1136-1143

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41558-023-01782-6

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Limited quantity and quality of steel supply in a zero-emission future2023

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Sho Hata, Keisuke Nansai, and Kenichi Nakajima
    • Journal Title

      Nature Sustainability

      Volume: 6 Issue: 3 Pages: 336-336

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41893-022-01025-0

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Growing role of concrete in sand and climate crises2023

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Zhi Cao, Andre Cabrera Serrenho, and Jonathan Cullen
    • Journal Title

      iScience

      Volume: 26 Issue: 5 Pages: 106782-106782

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.isci.2023.106782

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Efficient use of cement and concrete to reduce reliance on supply-side technologies for net-zero emissions2022

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Zhi Cao, Sho Hata, and Keisuke Nansai
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 13 Issue: 1 Pages: 4158-4158

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-022-31806-2

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Global copper cycles and greenhouse gas emissions in a 1.5 °C world2022

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Stephen Northey, Damien Giurco, Sho Hata, Ryosuke Yokoi, Keisuke Nansai, and Kenichi Nakajima
    • Journal Title

      Resource Conservation and Recycling

      Volume: 179 Pages: 106118-106118

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.106118

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Future greenhouse gas emissions from metal production: gaps and opportunities towards climate goals2022

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Yokoi, Takuma Watari, and Masaharu Motoshita
    • Journal Title

      Energy and Environmental Science

      Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Pages: 146-157

    • DOI

      10.1039/d1ee02165f

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 物質利用の革新的変化からカーボンニュートラル社会の実現に迫る2022

    • Author(s)
      南齋 規介, 渡 卓磨
    • Journal Title

      廃棄物資源循環学会誌

      Volume: 33 Pages: 17-24

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Contraction and convergence of in-use metal stocks to meet climate goals2021

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Keisuke Nansai and Kenichi Nakajima
    • Journal Title

      Global Environmental Change

      Volume: 69 Pages: 102284-102284

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102284

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Sustainable energy transitions require enhanced resource governance2021

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Keisuke Nansai, Kenichi Nakajima, and Damien Giurco
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Cleaner Production

      Volume: 312 Pages: 127698-127698

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127698

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Decarbonising the global steel industry in a resource-constrained future2024

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      The Royal Society Scientific Meeting (Sustainable metals: science and systems)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 資源循環経済戦略は自動車産業における天然資源投入量を削減できるか?2024

    • Author(s)
      光斎翔貴、滝本響、渡卓磨、柏倉俊介、山末英嗣
    • Organizer
      第17回日本LCA学会研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 産業エコロジーから脱炭素を考える2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      土木学会 構造工学委員会 技術融合による新たな土木技術検討小委員会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Limited quantity and quality of steel supply in a zero-emission future2023

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      IOP Publishing Environmental Research 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 資源利用とカーボンニュートラル2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      プラネタリーヘルスに向けた物質利用の未来戦略と目標を皆で考えるセミナー/ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] カーボンニュートラルの実現に向けた素材利用の将来像2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      土木学会「コンクリート技術を活用したカーボンニュートラルの実現に向けて」に関する講習会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 脱炭素社会において我々は素材をいかに使うべきか?2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科IAESRECサイエンスカフェ
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 日本と世界の鉄鋼フロー構造2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      CEN(気候非常事態ネットワーク)設立3周年記念シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] カーボンニュートラル社会への移行は日本の鉄鋼生産/鉄スクラップ利用をどのように変えるのか2023

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      株式会社JEMSセミナー
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Materials Systems in a Zero-Emission World2023

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      University of Cambridge FIBES Lunchtime Seminar
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Future greenhouse gas emissions from metal production with implication for climate goals2023

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Yokoi, Takuma Watari, Masaharu Motoshita
    • Organizer
      The 11th Australian Conference on Life Cycle Assessment
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Exploring demand reduction and circular economy strategies for bulk materials in China2023

    • Author(s)
      Lulu Song , Stijn van Ewijk, Eric Masanet、Takuma Watari, Fanran Meng, Jonathan M. Cullen, Zhi Cao, Wei-Qiang Chen
    • Organizer
      11th International Conference on Industrial Ecology
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Bulk Materials Supply in a Zero-Emission Future with Uncertain Technology Adoption2023

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Lukas Gast, Andre Cabrera Serrenho
    • Organizer
      11th International Conference on Industrial Ecology
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Envisioning sustainable material cycles in a carbon-neutral future2022

    • Author(s)
      Zhi Cao and Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      The 14th ISIE Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] SSPシナリオに基づく将来の金属生産に伴う温室効果ガス排出量と気候変動目標の関係2022

    • Author(s)
      横井崚佑, 渡卓磨, 本下晶晴
    • Organizer
      エコデザイン・プロダクツ&サービス 2022シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Global target by 2050 to reduce natural resource use in the automotive industry2022

    • Author(s)
      Takimoto H., Kosai S., Watari T., Kashiwakura S., Yamasue E.
    • Organizer
      The 15th Biennial International Conference on EcoBalance
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Future metal production and associated greenhouse gas emissions with implication for climate goals2022

    • Author(s)
      Yokoi R., Watari T., Motoshita M.
    • Organizer
      The 15th Biennial International Conference on EcoBalance
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Gold production and mercury consumption from artisanal and small-scale mining2022

    • Author(s)
      Cheng Y., Watari T., Nakajima K., Seccatore J., Veiga M. Marcello, Nansai K
    • Organizer
      The 15th Biennial International Conference on EcoBalance
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Comprehensive Review of Gold Production, Mercury Consumption and Emission in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM)2022

    • Author(s)
      Cheng Y., Watari T., Seccatore J., Nakajima K., Nansai K.
    • Organizer
      The 15th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant (ICMGP )
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Temporally-explicit abiotic depletion potential (TADP) of mineral resources based on future demand projections2022

    • Author(s)
      Yokoi R., Watari T., Motoshita M.
    • Organizer
      SETAC Europe 32nd Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Bulk material cycles at national level in a zero-emission future2022

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      12th session of the ISIE Online Perpetual Conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The availability of copper - a perspective from science2022

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      14th Copper Academy
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Critical material risks in the global energy transition2022

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      9th Japan-U.S. Bilateral Meeting on Rare Metals
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] カーボンニュートラル社会と整合的なセメント・コンクリート循環構造の解明2022

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨, Zhi Cao
    • Organizer
      第17回日本LCA学会研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 金属生産に伴う将来の温室効果ガス排出量と気候変動目標との関係2022

    • Author(s)
      横井崚佑, 渡卓磨, 本下晶晴
    • Organizer
      第17回日本LCA学会研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 次世代自動車の普及に伴う資源使用量の変化2022

    • Author(s)
      滝本響, 光斎翔貴, 渡卓磨, 柏倉俊介, 山末英嗣
    • Organizer
      第17回日本LCA学会研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 世界金属資源循環システムモデルの開発と脱炭素シナリオへの適用2022

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      第38回エネルギーシステム・経済・環境コンファレンス
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 金属ストックの節減と収斂2021

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      日本鉄鋼協会 サステナブルシステム部会 グリーンエネルギーフォーラム
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Future projection of greenhouse gas emissions associated with metal production based on shared socio-economic pathways2021

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Yokoi, Takuma Watari, and Masaharu Motoshita
    • Organizer
      he 10th International Conference on Life Cycle Management
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Global plastic production and use in a carbon-constrained world2021

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari, Keisuke Nansai, Masahiro Oguchi
    • Organizer
      International Industrial Ecology Day 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Responsibility of Consumers for Pressure on Mining Capacity: Decomposition Analysis of Scarcity-weighted Metal Footprints in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Yokoi, Keisuke Nansai, Kenichi Nakajima, Takuma Watari, Masaharu Motoshita
    • Organizer
      2021 International Conference on Resource Sustainability
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Responsibility of Consuming Countries for Mining Capacity - Decomposition Analysis of Scarcity - weighted Metal Footprints in the Case of Japan -2021

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Yokoi, Keisuke Nansai, Kenichi Nakajima, Takuma Watari, Masaharu Motoshita
    • Organizer
      SETAC Europe 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The role of critical minerals and resource governance in sustainable energy transitions2021

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      Australia Japan Symposium: Critical minerals for climate change mitigation; Reducing risks in lithium supply chains
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] カーボンニュートラル社会における金属生産・利用・循環システム2021

    • Author(s)
      渡卓磨
    • Organizer
      一般社団法人日本メタル経済研究所「カーボンニュートラルとメタル」セミナー
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The future of plastic use in a carbon-constrained world2021

    • Author(s)
      Takuma Watari
    • Organizer
      World Resources Forum 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 日本の消費活動が世界の採掘容量へ及ぼす影響の低減:希少性メタルフットプリントの要因分解分析2021

    • Author(s)
      横井崚佑, 南齋規介, 中島謙一, 渡卓磨, 本下晶晴
    • Organizer
      第49回環境システム研究論文発表会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

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Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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