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Physiological functions and pathogenic mechanisms of Rac3, an intellectual disability-associated G protein, in cerebral development

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K15895
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 52050:Embryonic medicine and pediatrics-related
Research InstitutionNagoya University (2022)
Institute for Developmental Research Aichi Developmental Disability Center (2021)

Principal Investigator

Nishikawa Masashi  名古屋大学, 理学研究科, 助教 (00871758)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Keywords知的障害 / 神経発達 / 子宮内胎児脳電気穿孔法 / Gタンパク質 / Rhoファミリー / Rac3 / PAK1 / アクチン細胞骨格 / 大脳皮質構築 / 発達障害 / 細胞骨格 / アクチン / 神経細胞移動 / 子宮内胎仔脳遺伝子導入 / シグナル伝達 / G蛋白質 / Rac / Rho GTPase
Outline of Research at the Start

知的障害の責任遺伝子として報告されたRac3は、脳構造形成・発達に重要な役割を果たすことが確実視される。しかしながら、神経発達過程におけるRac3の役割は未だ不明で、それ故にRac3変異の病態発症メカニズムも未解明である。そこで本研究では、Rac3の大脳皮質・海馬形成における生理機能と遺伝子変異の分子病態機構の解明することで、発達障害の新規治療法の提案・開発を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

RAC3 variants are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and brain anomalies. To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of RAC3-related NDD, we examined the effects of pathogenic variants on the development of mouse cerebral cortex. In vitro analysis revealed that all tested RAC3 variants were active, with varying affinities for downstream effectors. We then focused on the 4 variants affecting the Switch II region, common to other Rho family GTPases. Each RAC3 variant expressed using in utero electroporation caused defects in cortical neuron morphology and migration. Dominant negative PAK1 rescued the defects, suggesting that impaired RAC3→PAK1 signaling is a pathophysiological mechanism underlying RAC3-related NDD. Our results indicate that the RAC3 variants result in morphological and functional defects in cortical neurons during brain development, eventually leading to the clinical features of the NDD.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

1)RAC3異常症が、大脳皮質形成時の神経細胞移動障害を背景とする病態であること、2)病因シグナルの一つとしてRAC3→PAK1を特定したこと、3)PAK1抑制は、RAC3変異体による異常表現型を回復できる可能性を示したこと、が本研究の成果である。すなわちRAC3関連神経疾患において、PAK1は創薬ターゲットであり、PAK1阻害剤は創薬シーズになる可能性を示すことができた。本研究成果はRAC3異常による知的障害発症機序を正確に理解する上で重要な知見であると共に、創薬シーズを発見できたことは大きな臨床的意義がある。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Invited: 1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Genoa(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Research Institute/The Hospital for Sick Children(カナダ)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Expression Analyses of Rich2/Arhgap44, a Rho Family GTPase-Activating Protein, during Mouse Brain Development.2023

    • Author(s)
      Goto N, Nishikawa M, Ito H, Noda M, Hamada N, Tabata H, Kinoshita M, Nagata K-I
    • Journal Title

      Dev. Neurosci.

      Volume: 45 Issue: 1 Pages: 19-26

    • DOI

      10.1159/000529051

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Variant-specific changes in RAC3 function disrupt corticogenesis in neurodevelopmental phenotypes2022

    • Author(s)
      Scala Marcello et al.
    • Journal Title

      Brain

      Volume: 145 Issue: 9 Pages: 3308-3327

    • DOI

      10.1093/brain/awac106

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Gain-of-function p.F28S variant in<i>RAC3</i>disrupts neuronal differentiation, migration and axonogenesis during cortical development, leading to neurodevelopmental disorder2022

    • Author(s)
      Nishikawa Masashi、Scala Marcello、Umair Muhammad、Ito Hidenori、Waqas Ahmed、Striano Pasquale、Zara Federico、Costain Gregory、Capra Valeria、Nagata Koh-ichi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Medical Genetics

      Volume: 60 Issue: 3 Pages: 223-232

    • DOI

      10.1136/jmedgenet-2022-108483

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Expression analyses of Rac3, a Rho family small GTPase, during mouse brain development.2022

    • Author(s)
      Nishikawa M, Ito H, Noda M, Hamada N, Tabata H, Nagata K.
    • Journal Title

      Dev Neurosci

      Volume: 44 Issue: 1 Pages: 49-58

    • DOI

      10.1159/000521168

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Caused by Rac GTPases Dysregulation: What’s behind Neuro-RACopathies2021

    • Author(s)
      Scala Marcello、Nishikawa Masashi、Nagata Koh-ichi、Striano Pasquale
    • Journal Title

      Cells

      Volume: 10 Issue: 12 Pages: 3395-3395

    • DOI

      10.3390/cells10123395

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子RAC3による神経発達障害の病態メカニズム2022

    • Author(s)
      西川将司, 伊東秀記, 田畑 秀典, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第86回日本生化学会中部支部例会・シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Variant-specific changes in RAC3 function disrupt corticogenesis in neurodevelopmental phenotypes2022

    • Author(s)
      Koh-ichi Nagata, Masashi Nishikawa, Hidenori Ito
    • Organizer
      NEURO2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 神経発達におけるRac1制御分子Rich2の発現プロファイル解析2022

    • Author(s)
      後藤直樹, 西川将司, 木下専, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第54回日本臨床分子形態学会総会・学術集会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] RAC3遺伝子変異は神経発達過程の大脳皮質形成を障害する2022

    • Author(s)
      西川 将司, 伊東 秀記, 田畑 秀典, 永田 浩一
    • Organizer
      第95回日本生化学会大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Rac制御分子Rich2は神経発達に伴って発現分布が変化する2022

    • Author(s)
      後藤直樹, 西川将司, 伊東秀記, 田畑秀典, 木下専, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第46回日本分子生物学会年会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子群RACファミリーの大脳発達における生理機能と分子病態機構の解明2022

    • Author(s)
      西川将司
    • Organizer
      第20回 東海小児遺伝カンファレンス 2022年2月19日
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子RAC3による神経発達障害の病態メカニズム2022

    • Author(s)
      西川将司, 伊東秀記, 田畑 秀典, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第86回日本生化学会中部支部例会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子RAC3の大脳発達における生理機能と分子病態機構の解明2021

    • Author(s)
      西川将司
    • Organizer
      名古屋大学脳とこころの研究センター 第6回 拡大ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Pathophysiological significance of RAC3 variants in neurodevelopmental disorders2021

    • Author(s)
      西川将司, 伊東秀記, 田畑秀典, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第64回 日本神経化学会大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 発達障害責任遺伝子Rac3の神経組織における発現解析2021

    • Author(s)
      西川将司, 伊東秀記, 野田万理子, 浜田奈々子, 田畑秀典, 永田浩
    • Organizer
      第53回 日本臨床分子形態学会総会・学術集会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子RAC3の大脳発達における生理機能と分子病態機構の解明2021

    • Author(s)
      永田浩一, 西川将司
    • Organizer
      第53回 日本臨床分子形態学会総会・学術集会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 知的障害責任分子RAC3の大脳発達における生理機能と分子病態機構の解明2021

    • Author(s)
      西川将司, 伊東秀記, 田畑 秀典, 永田浩一
    • Organizer
      第43回神経組織培養研究会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 知的障害の病態メカニズムの一端とその治療標的となる候補分子を世界で初めて特定しました

    • URL

      https://www.pref.aichi.jp/press-release/addc-laborelease-220719.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2021-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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