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Challenge for short-term prediction of lightning discharge by monitoring charge and discharge of an isolated thundercloud

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K18795
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 25:Social systems engineering, safety engineering, disaster prevention engineering, and related fields
Research InstitutionKomatsu University (2022)
Ashikaga University (2021)

Principal Investigator

Yamashita Kozo  公立小松大学, 生産システム科学部, 准教授 (20609911)

Project Period (FY) 2021-07-09 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,470,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Keywords雷雲 / 雷 / 静電界 / フィールドミル / スローアンテナ / IoT / 雷放電
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究課題は、雷雲活動に伴う地上静電界の多点計測に基づいた落雷発生の直前予測法確立を目的とするものである。観測では、雷雲内で生成される電荷に伴う地上静電界をフィールドミルで、雷放電による地上静電界の変動成分をスローアンテナで多点計測する。前者より雲内の電荷量・電荷高度(以下、雲内電荷)の時間変化を定量推定する。発雷前後における雲内電荷の特徴的変化を検出する。後者からは落雷・雲放電の電気的特性(放電による消費電荷量、等)を定量評価する。雷雲の「充電」と「放電」の定量比較より雲内電荷の特徴的変化と落雷の関係性を明らかにし、静電界計測に基づいた落雷発生の直前予測の原理を確立する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we have developed a methodology for a quantitative estimation of an electrostatic charge inside a thunderstorm before a lightning discharge to realize the short-term lightning prediction. We had succussed to calculate point charges assumed inside a thundercloud quantitatively based on the multipoint measurement of electrostatic field on the ground with two types of electrostatic sensors which had been originally designed. We had analyzed only an isolated thundercloud in which a simple charge structure could be assumed. By applying dipole or tripole charge models inside thunderclouds, temporal variation for heights and amounts of cloud-charges inside an isolated cloud had been estimated with 1 second resolution. Initial results indicated the possibility for the short-term prediction of lightning discharges by detecting a characteristic temporal change of cloud-charges before lightning occurrences.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

独自開発した多点計測用静電界センサー2種を用い、特定の条件を満たした雷雲に対して「充電」と「放電」の1秒分解能での定量評価に成功した。これらの成果は、落雷に至る雷雲の帯電評価による落雷警報システムの設計・開発に役立つ。また、地上静電界の多点計測に基づいた雷雲電荷の特徴的変化の抽出より、落雷直前予測の可能性を示唆する結果を得た。同手法の簡易化・一般化は、雷害をもたらす落雷の直前発生予測法確立に繋がるものと考えられる。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2023 2022 2021

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] A New Electric Field Mill Network to Estimate Temporal Variation of Simplified Charge Model in an Isolated Thundercloud2022

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita, K.; Fujisaka, H.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanno, K.; Hayakawa, M
    • Journal Title

      Sensors

      Volume: 22, 1884 Issue: 5 Pages: 1884-1884

    • DOI

      10.3390/s22051884

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 地上静電界の多点計測に基づいた雷雲電荷推定(ダイポール電荷モデルの適用)2023

    • Author(s)
      山下幸三, 藤坂浩史, 岩崎博之
    • Organizer
      日本大気電気学会第101回研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 冬季雷観測を目的とした静電界計測網の構築2023

    • Author(s)
      山下幸三, 藤坂浩史, 岩崎博之, 皆巳幸也
    • Organizer
      令和5年電気学会全国大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Construction of an Electrostatic Sensor Network to Estimate Total Charge in an Isolated Thundercloud2021

    • Author(s)
      K. Yamashita, H. Fujisaka, H. Iwasaki, K. Kanno, M. Hayakawa
    • Organizer
      The 35th International Conference on Lightning Protection, 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 2021 年夏季における北関東での静電界計測網展開の初期結果2021

    • Author(s)
      山下幸三、岩崎博之、藤坂浩史
    • Organizer
      日本大気電気学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report

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Published: 2021-07-13   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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