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Elucidation of anti-tumor immune response through qualitative evaluation of neoantigens

Research Project

Project/Area Number 21K20859
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0902:General internal medicine and related fields
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

ISHINO Takamasa  千葉大学, 大学院医学研究院, 特任研究員 (90907792)

Project Period (FY) 2021-08-30 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords腫瘍免疫 / 免疫チェックポイント阻害剤 / ネオ抗原 / 大腸癌 / 大腸がん / MSI-high大腸癌
Outline of Research at the Start

免疫チェックポイント阻害剤は腫瘍のエフェクターT細胞(Teff)を活性化し効果を発揮するが、特に体細胞変異由来のネオ抗原を認識しているTeffが重要とされている。私達は体細胞変異数が非常に多い高頻度マイクロサテライト不安定性を有する大腸癌でネオ抗原に着目し、従来ネオ抗原はinflamedな腫瘍微小環境を誘導するとされてきたが、特定のネオ抗原では遺伝子変異が機能的にnoninflamedな腫瘍微小環境に誘導している可能性が示唆された。そこで、本研究では体細胞変異を量だけでなく質的にも評価して腫瘍微小環境への影響を解明し、抗腫瘍免疫応答の本態解明、より効果の高い治療や正確なバイオマーカーを目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We identified a shared neoantigen derived from a loss-of-function frameshift mutation in RNF43 through analysis of 88 colorectal cancers. However, patients with the mutated RNF43 did not have inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). We revealed that loss of RNF43 function could paradoxically induce a non-inflamed TME leading to suppression of anti-tumor immunity. In addition, we demonstrated that passenger rather than driver gene mutations were related to the inflamed TME in diverse cancer types.
Our research propose the need to assess the qualities as well as the quantities of neoantigenic gene mutations, particularly driver gene mutations, as predictive biomarkers for ICI response.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

免疫チェックポイント阻害剤は様々な癌腫で有効性が示され、化学療法の在り方を大きく変えたものの、その奏効率は未だ満足のいくものではなく、効果予測のバイオマーカーや耐性機序の解明が必要である。本研究では、これまでの体細胞変異数の量的な評価だけでは抗腫瘍免疫応答の予測は不十分で、遺伝子自体の機能といった質的な部分まで踏み込んだ解析の必要性を新たに提唱した点に意義があると考える。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2023 2022

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Somatic mutations can induce a noninflamed tumour microenvironment via their original gene functions, despite deriving neoantigens2023

    • Author(s)
      Ishino Takamasa、Kawashima Shusuke、Tanji Etsuko、Ueno Toshihide、Ueda Youki、Ogasawara Sadahisa、Sato Kazuhito、Mano Hiroyuki、Ishihara Soichiro、Kato Naoya、Kawazu Masahito、Togashi Yosuke
    • Journal Title

      British Journal of Cancer

      Volume: 128 Issue: 6 Pages: 1166-1175

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41416-023-02165-6

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Activated CTLA‐4‐independent immunosuppression of Treg cells disturbs CTLA‐4 blockade‐mediated antitumor immunity2023

    • Author(s)
      Watanabe T、Ishino T、Ueda Y、Nagasaki J、Sadahira T、Dansako H、Araki M、Togashi Y
    • Journal Title

      Cancer Science

      Volume: In press Issue: 5 Pages: 1859-1870

    • DOI

      10.1111/cas.15756

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors2022

    • Author(s)
      Nagasaki J、Ishino T、Togashi Y
    • Journal Title

      Cancer Science

      Volume: 113 Issue: 10 Pages: 3303-3312

    • DOI

      10.1111/cas.15497

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Paradoxical neoantigens; neoantigenic mutations can paradoxically induce a noninflamed tumor microenvironment via their original functions2022

    • Author(s)
      Takamasa Ishino, Toshihide Ueno, Youki Ueda, Hiroyuki Mano, Soichiro Ishihara, Naoya Kato, Masahito Kawazu, Yosuke Togashi
    • Organizer
      第81回日本癌学会学術総会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Neoantigen paradox; neoantigen do not always induce an inflamed tumor microenvironment2022

    • Author(s)
      Takamasa Ishino, Shusuke Kawashima, Etsuko Tanji, Toshihide Ueno, Youki Ueda, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Kazuhito Sato, Soichiro Ishihara, Naoya Kato, Masahito Kawazu, Yosuke Togashi
    • Organizer
      第12回日米癌合同会議
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-10-22   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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