| Budget Amount *help |
¥46,280,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,680,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥8,320,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,920,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥8,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,860,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥14,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,300,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Environmental contamination with antibiotics and other chemicals showed various effect on microbes. 1) Co-presence of vanadium and antibiotics accelerate horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between Vibrio and E. coli, but not between Acinetobacter and Vibrio, suggesting specific combination is needed for the HGT acceleration. 2) This suggests that HGT among opportunistic pathogens in environment is a case by case manner. 3) Yet-to-be cultured marine bacteria are a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which is the first evidence of role of non-culturable microbes in the ARGs retaining in environment. 4) ARGs are retained in non-contaminated environment such as marine sediment for long time. Next mission is to clear the invasion rout to human environment, and to evaluate the risk.
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