| Budget Amount *help |
¥46,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥36,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥8,320,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,920,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥8,710,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,010,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥9,230,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,130,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥14,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,330,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Distinct trade-wind inversion is formed across the equatorial Pacific due to the interplays of trade winds and the Walker Circulation, which connects the eastern and western Pacific. Arid conditions occur in the inversion zone due to sinking air masses and may seriously affect plants. The height of the inversion zone actually oscillates and the strength of aridity varies in relation to the strength of El Nino Southern Oscillation. We investigated how the oscillating inversion affects the ecology of plants. Forest line appeared at 3,300 m on a Bornean mountain, while it appeared at a much lower altitude of 1,000 m on a Galapagos mountain. Both forest lines corresponded to the lower level of inversion zone, suggesting that the arid condition associated with the inversion determine the height of forest lines.
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