| Project/Area Number |
22370081
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Evolutionary biology
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
MATSUDA Yoichi 名古屋大学, 生命農学研究科, 教授 (70165835)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NISHIDA Chizuko 北海道大学, 大学院理学研究院, 助手 (50106580)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2010-04-01 – 2013-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2013)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥18,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥8,320,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,920,000)
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| Keywords | 両生類 / 爬虫類 / FISH / ゲノム重複 / 核型進化 / 染色体地図 / マイクロ染色体 / ゲノムの区画化 / ネッタイ爪ガエル / 鳥類 / 祖先核型 / 羊膜類 / マクロ染色体 |
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| Research Abstract |
To delineate the process of genomic and karyotypic evolution of tetrapods, we constructed comparative cytogenetic maps of Pelodiscus sinensis, Crocodylus siamensis, Elaphe quadrivirgata, Varanus salvator, Xenopus tropicalis, and Xenopus laevis. Our results provide the possibility that the ancestral karyotype of tetrapods had at least 10 large linkage groups of macrochromosomes and many microchromosomal pairs, which have been conserved in the chicken. We identified all nine homoeologous chromosome groups of X laevis, which were homologous within the same groups except for two inversions, and the genetic linkages were highly conserved between X. tropicalis and X. laevis except for one fusion and one inversion. In E. quadrivirgata, microchromosomal genes showed significantly higher GC content than macrochromosomal genes as in the chicken, suggesting that the chromosome size-dependent GC heterogeneity had already occurred before the lepidosaur-archosaur split, 275 million years ago.
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