Effect of exercise on visual cognitive function and its brain mechanism
| Project/Area Number |
22500573
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Sports science
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2010 – 2012
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2012)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
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| Keywords | 感覚 / 知覚 / アセチルコリン / 一次視覚野 / ラット / 微小イオン投与法 / 浸潤法 / ゲインコントロール / サル |
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| Research Abstract |
Physical exercise has been reported to improve several kinds of cognitive function in human and rodents, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unknown. Since the levels of cortical neuromodulators are increased during exercise, it is possible that the effect of exercise on cognitive function is mediated via the neuromodulators. To examine the possibility, I tested the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on the visual response of neurons in the early visual cortex (V1) of monkey and rat. The present results are summarized as follows:
1) in monkey V1, ACh dominantly facilitated the visual responses
2) in rat V1, ACh caused response facilitation and suppression with approximately the same frequency
3) ACh caused a response gain control, by which the amplitude of contrast-response function but not the shape was changed
4) muscarinic ACh receptors were responsible for the ACh’s effect
5) ACh predominantly suppressed layers 2/3 neurons but facilitated layer 5 neurons, which projects to the higher order visual area and to subcortical areas, respectively.
The present study suggests that ACh more distinctly and finely controls visual information processing than previously thought.
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(21 results)
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[Journal Article] Central changes in glaucoma : Neuroscientific Study Using animal models2011
Author(s)
Kazuyuki Imamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Hirotaka Onoe, Yasuyoshi Watanabe, Kiyoshi Ishii, Chihiro Mayama, Takafumi Akasaki, Satoshi Shimegi, Hiromichi Sato, Kazuhiko Nakadate, Hideaki Hara, Makoto Araie
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Journal Title
The mystery of glaucoma
Pages: 307-330
Related Report
Peer Reviewed
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[Presentation] Response gain control by acetylcholine of the macaque monkey primary visual cortex2010
Author(s)
Shogo Soma, Satoshi Shimegi, Hironobu Osaki, Akihiro Kimura, Tomoyuki Naito, Shin-ichiro Hara, and Hiromichi Sato
Organizer
The Neuroscience 2010, The 40th annual meeting of society for neuroscience
Place of Presentation
San Diego Convention Center, San Diego, CA, USA
Related Report
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