| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This study aims at conceptualizing shame as represented in modern American literature written between 1860 and 1950. Particularly in Japanese scholarly circumstances, since the publication of _The Chrysanthemum and Sword_ (1946) by anthropologist Ruth Benedict, we seem to have lost reasonable grounds for positively contemplating shame as a property of American culture. Once carefully investigated, however, American literature is full of representations of shame. This project aims at authenticating a framework of shame as a quintessential American experience. The most crucial element that engenders the powerful affect is the recognition of historically shifted racial relationship in the U.S. By a close investigation of literary, historical and theoretical sources, I have explored a solid and fertile layer of American culture, in which literary authors have attempted to develop representations of shame as resources for an ethical and political mode of self-presentation.
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