| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The study investigated the effect of learning environment on L2 story telling processes. High intermediate level EFL and ESL learners whose L1 is Japanese narrated stories within conversation with English native speakers. The results revealed that 1) irrespective of learning environment, inappropriate use of articles and pronouns were found in learner narratives, and 2) EFL and ESL learners displayed differing patterns in telling stories. Specifically, the EFL learners tended to tell monologic narratives, whereas the ESL learners were inclined to involve their native speaker interlocutors using discourse markers such as 'you know'and 'okay'.
The research demonstrated persistent difficulty with the use of linguistic forms that do not exist in learners' L1 system despite abundant positive evidence ESL environment provides. Moreover, the study implied the importance of providing pedagogical intervention to teach pragmatics such as discourse markers and interactional strategies.
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