| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Many nation states and regions set standards on their students’ academic achievement and conduct tests with view of ensuring the standards. This study explored both commonality and variance between these kinds of policies in Japan, New Zealand, and the U.K. Data drawn from policy documents and interviews with a variety of policy actors were analysed. A tentative framework of understanding policy differences in terms of policy cultures was presented.
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